Public Diplomacy, 1969–1972
31. Letter From the Assistant Director, East Asia and the Pacific, United States Information Agency (Oleksiw) to all USIA Public Affairs Officers
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Policy and Plans, Plans and Operational Policy Staff, Office of Planning Officer, Subject Files, Entry P–207, Box 2, INF 3 PAO Conference. Unclassified; Official-Informal. The letter is PAO Letter #15.
32. Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State (Richardson) to the President’s Special Counsel (Garment)
Source: National Archives, RG 59, Central Files 1967–69, EDX 1 US. No classification marking. Copies were sent to Kissinger and Harlow. Blind copied to Shakespeare and Mayo. A typed note at the end of the memorandum reads: “Original bypassed S/S and sent direct to Garment from U 8/7/69. See Garment/Richardson memo 8/18/69 (S/S–12621) for final disposition.” The August 18 Garment/Richardson memorandum was not found.
33. Memorandum From Acting Secretary of State Johnson to the President’s Assistant (Flanigan)
Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Box 392, Subject Files, Space Programs Foreign Cooperation (1970) [Feb. 69–Nov 70]. No classification marking.
34. Report Prepared in Research Service, Office of Research and Assessment, United States Information Agency
Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Box 293, Agency Files, USIA—Vol. I [Apr 69–25 Feb 70]. Limited Official Use. The report is entitled “Effect of the Moon Landing on Opinions in Six Countries.” Loomis sent three copies of the report to Kissinger under an October 2 covering memorandum, stating: “This clearly indicates the favorable impact of the moon landing on our standing in science and space in the eyes of the general public in key countries. It also shows the almost universal awareness of this American achievement.” (Ibid.)
35. Memorandum From the Director of the Program Analysis Staff, National Security Council (Lynn) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger)
Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Box 293, Agency Files, USIA—Vol. I [Apr 69–25 Feb 70]. Secret. Sent for action. An unknown hand placed a checkmark next to Lynn’s name in the “from” line.
36. Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Director for Plans and Programs, Office of Policy and Plans, United States Information Agency (Bardos) to the Deputy Director for Policy and Plans (Weathersby)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Policy and Plans, 1963–1969, General Subject Files, 1949–1970, Entry UD–264, Box 311, CUL Culture (GEN). No classification marking. The summary report of the September 12 joint meeting, which Bardos and White attended, is printed as part of an annex to the seventh annual report of the U.S. Advisory Commission on International Educational and Cultural Affairs, entitled A Multitude of Counselors. For an excerpt of the report, see Document 75.
37. Memorandum From President Nixon to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger)
Source: Nixon Library, White House Central Files, Subject Files, FG–230, Box 1, EX FG 230 10/1/69–12/31/69. No classification marking. Printed from an uninitialed copy.
38. Minutes of an International Cultural Strategy Group Meeting
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Director’s Subject Files, 1968–1972, Entry A1–42, Box 1, CUL–1 Policy Plans. No classification marking. No drafting date appears on the minutes. Loomis initialed the top right-hand corner of the minutes and wrote: “IOR note conclusion 1 IOP, ICS fyi HL.”
39. Transcript of a Telephone Conversation Between the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger) and the Director of the United States Information Agency (Shakespeare)
Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, Kissinger Telephone Conversations, Chronological File, Box 2, October 1–13, 1969. No classification marking.
41. Memorandum From the Associate Director for Policy and Plans, United States Information Agency (White) to the Deputy Assistant Director for Plans and Programs, Office of Policy and Plans (Bardos), the Cultural Affairs Adviser, Office of Policy and Plans (Bunce), and the Deputy Planning Officer, Office of Policy and Plans (Sablosky)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Policy and Plans, Policy Coordination Staff, Cultural Affairs and Youth Adviser, Subject Files, 1955–1971, Entry UD–102, Box 2, EDX 1 General Policy, Plans, Coordination. No classification marking. Drafted by White. Copies were sent to Weathersby, Strasburg, and Halsema. Bunce placed a checkmark next to his name in the addressee line. He also wrote “KB/file” and “Nancy—fyi” in the top right-hand corner of the memorandum.
42. Notes of an International Cultural Strategy Group Meeting
Source: National Archives, RG 306, USIA Historical Collection, Subject Files, 1953–2000, Entry A1–1066, Box 7, Relations With White House, 1968–1969. No classification marking. Copies were sent to Shakespeare, Loomis, and Weathersby. Shakespeare’s name is typewritten in the top right-hand corner; an unknown hand wrote Loomis’s and Weathersby’s names below this. An unknown hand wrote “TRIP FOLDER” in the top left-hand corner of the memorandum.
43. Transcript of a Telephone Conversation Between the Director of the United States Information Agency (Shakespeare) and the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger)
Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, Kissinger Telephone Conversations, Chronological File, Box 2, October 23–31, 1969. No classification marking.
44. Circular Airgram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Source: National Archives, RG 59, Central Files 1967–69, CUL 8. Unclassified. Drafted by Blair and Hurd on November 4; cleared in draft by Teal, and by telephone by Spector, Colligan, Edgar Beigel (EUR/FBX), Churchill, and William Nelson; approved by Phillips. Sent for information to Athens, Beirut, Bern, Bonn, Brussels, Bucharest, Budapest, Copenhagen, Dar Es Salaam, The Hague, Helsinki, Lagos, Lisbon, London, Monaco (via the Consulate in Nice), Moscow, Oslo, Ottawa, Port Au Prince, Prague, Rabat, Rome, Sofia, Stockholm, Tel Aviv, Tokyo, Tunis, Vienna, Warsaw, and Wellington. A typed notation on the airgram designates these addressees as capitals of BIE member nations.
45. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger) to the Director of the United States Information Agency (Shakespeare)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, USIA Historical Collection, Subject Files, 1953–2000, Entry A1–1066, Box 7, Relations With White House, 1968–1969. No classification marking. An attached USIA action slip indicates that the memorandum was sent to Weathersby for immediate action. In a November 13 memorandum to Nixon, Kissinger indicated that he had instructed Shakespeare “to undertake an immediate program with all of our missions abroad to exploit the manifestations of support of your policies for Vietnam which have developed in the wake of your November 3d speech.” Kissinger added that he had also asked Laird to prepare “a similar Game Plan designed to insure that our Armed Forces not only in Vietnam but elsewhere are apprised of the response we have received to your November 3d speech.” (National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, White House Central Files, Subject Files, FG 230, Box 1, EX FG 230 10/1/69–12/31/69)
46. Circular Message From the United States Information Agency to all Principal USIS Posts
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Research and Evaluation, Office of the Associate Director, Program Files, 1969–1978, Entry P–119, MV General The Silent Majority 1969. Limited Official Use. Drafted by Peter Synodis (IMV/MW) on November 13; cleared by O. Rudolph Aggrey (IMV/M); John DeViney (IMV/PS); Anthony Jowit (IMV/P); Stoddard; Frank Tribbe (IGC); Ralph Price (IMV/O); and William Lowdermilk (IMV/OSC); approved by Herschensohn. Cleared for transmission in USIA at 5:34 p.m. Sent via pouch to Bucharest, Budapest, and Warsaw from Rogers. Sent via telegraph.
47. Report Prepared by the Media Review Committee of the USIA Young Officers’ Policy Panel
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Policy and Plans, IOP/C Cultural and Youth Subject Files, 1955–1971, Entry UD–90, Box 6, EDX 12 October 15 Moratorium 1969. Limited Official Use. Martin Ronan, a TV production specialist in IMV and the Chairman of the Media Review Committee, sent the report to Schneider under a November 13 note. (Ibid.) Under a November 14 covering memorandum, Schneider sent Shakespeare both a copy of the report and Ronan’s memorandum to Shakespeare, writing: “While the report cannot affect coverage of the November 15 Mobilization, we hope its recommendations will be useful in the future. We would also like to suggest that policy guidance for such events be issued earlier. The NPN on the October 15 Moratorium is dated October 13.” (Ibid.)
48. Letter From the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (Humphrey) to President Nixon
Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Box 409, Subject Files, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Vol. II [Nov 69–Jan 70]. No classification marking. Read sent a copy of the letter and a subsequent letter from Humphrey to the President, dated December 17, to Kissinger under a December 19 note, stating that the letters would inform Kissinger of Read’s and Humphrey’s “efforts to bring Woodrow Wilson to life in the attic of the Smithsonian!” (Ibid.) Kissinger sent the copies of the letters to Cole under an undated memorandum indicating that he had received the copies from Read, who had informed Kissinger that the Bureau of the Budget had not assigned an appropriation to the Center for FY 1971. Kissinger added, “I continue to believe that the FY 1971 budget should include some provision for assistance to the Center.” (Ibid.) On a December 29 typewritten note, Kissinger wrote: “Already approved by Pres. I believe. Please check if not let me call or write Ben Read.” (Ibid.) On a January 12, 1970, typewritten note, Kissinger indicated that the Center would receive “$100,000” from the “Humanities Foundation.” (Ibid.) For the Department of State’s comments on Humphrey’s November 18 letter, see Document 51.
50. Telegram From the Embassy in Romania to the Department of State
Source: National Archives, RG 59, Central Files 1967–69, CUL 16 US. Unclassified. Repeated for information to USIA.
51. Memorandum From the Executive Secretary of the Department of State (Eliot) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger)
Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Box 409, Subject Files, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Vol. III [Nov 69–Jan 70]. No classification marking. Kissinger sent a copy of the memorandum to Cole under a December 3 memorandum, indicating that he supported the “recommendation that the funds for this memorial project be restored.” (Ibid.) The Wilson Center hosted its first group of scholars in October 1970. For additional information, see Paul Hodge, “Wilson Center to Open Monday,” Washington Post, October 18, 1970, p. A18.
52. Memorandum From the Military Assistant to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Haig) to the Deputy Director of the United States Information Agency (Loomis)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Director’s Subject Files, 1968–1972, Entry A1–42, Box 1, INF–12 Public Opinion and Attitudes. Confidential.
53. Memorandum From the Deputy Director of the United States Information Agency (Loomis) to President Nixon
Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Box 293, Agency Files, USIA—Vol. I [Apr 69–25 Feb 70]. No classification marking. According to another copy of the memorandum, it was drafted by Benson and cleared by Strasburg. (National Archives, RG 306, Director’s Subject Files, 1968–1972, Entry A1–42, Box 1, INF–12 Public Opinion and Attitudes) Loomis sent the copy of the memorandum printed here to Haig under a November 26 covering memorandum. Haig sent both the memorandum and the covering letter to Higby under a December 5 covering memorandum, indicating that the memorandum “points out, inter alia, that the bulk of their public opinion surveys are contracted with associates of either Gallup or International Research Associates.” (Ibid.)
54. Note From the Special Assistant to the Associate Director and Deputy Associate Director, Research and Assessment, United States Information Agency (Krill) to the Associate Director, Research and Assessment (Strasburg)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Research and Evaluation, Office of the Associate Director, Program Files, 1969–1978, Entry P–119, INF–IAF Alleged My Lai Massacre. No classification marking. Strasburg wrote “good” in the top right-hand corner of the note.
55. Memorandum From Michael D. Schneider of the USIA Young Officers’ Policy Panel to the Director (Shakespeare)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Policy and Plans, IOP/C Cultural Subject Files, 1955–1971, Entry UD–90, Box 1, BKS 1 Task Force on Books Policy. No classification marking. Printed from an uninitialed copy. Copies were sent to Loomis, Weathersby, and Dunlap.
56. Memorandum From the Cultural Affairs Adviser, Office of Policy and Plans, United States Information Agency (Bunce) to the Deputy Director for Policy and Plans (Weathersby)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Policy and Plans, 1963–1969, General Subject Files, 1949–1970, Entry UD–264, Box 311, CUL Culture (GEN). No classification marking. White sent the memorandum to Weathersby under a December 8 typewritten note, in which she wrote: “This is Phil Conley’s report on the Bicentennial. He recommends (p. 3) an Agency task force to submit a plan to the Commission by February 28, 1970.” She continued: “We did create a committee about a year ago but it seems to have been inactive. Hence I think we should probably accept Phil’s suggestion.” Weathersby initialed the typewritten note.
57. Report Prepared by the USIA Goals Committee of the USIA Young Officers’ Policy Panel
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Director’s Subject Files, 1968–1972, Entry A1–42, Box 15, Policy and Plans (IOP)—General 1970. No classification marking. Sent to YOPP members under a December 5 covering memorandum, which listed the members of the USIA Goals Committee. Both the report and the covering memorandum are attached to a February 6, 1970, briefing paper prepared by Matuszeski in advance of a meeting with YOPP members.
58. Summary Prepared in the Office of the Assistant Director, East Asia and Pacific, United States Information Agency
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Director’s Subject Files, 1968–1972, Entry A1–42, Box 3, PSY–Psychological Operations. Confidential. Fitzhugh Green sent a copy of the summary to Shakespeare, copying Loomis and Weathersby, under a December 11 memorandum, indicating that Osborn prepared the “excellent brief.” Continuing, Green noted that it “offers you a clear, short picture of how JUSPAO is Vietnamizing some of its key functions.” (Ibid.) The Joint United States Public Affairs Office in Saigon was established in 1965 and headed by a senior USIA Foreign Service Officer and staffed and funded by USIA, the Department of Defense (DOD), and the Agency for International Development (AID).
59. Letter From the Director of the United States Information Agency (Shakespeare) to all USIA Public Affairs Officers
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Director’s Subject Files, 1968–1972, Entry A1–42, Box 2, BKS 16–Review, Appraisal, Selection. No classification marking.
60. Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Director, Research, Office of Research and Assessment, United States Information Agency (Adler) to the Associate Director, Research and Assessment (Strasburg)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Research and Evaluation, Office of the Associate Director, Program Files, 1969–1978, Entry P–119, INF 12 Public Opinion & Attitudes 1969. No classification marking. Drafted by Adler.