List of papers

I. PRE-CONFERENCE PAPERS

1. Papers on Arrangements for the Conferences

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Date	Paper	Page
1943 May 5	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Proposal that Roosevelt and Stalin should meet the following summer in the vicinity of Bering Strait.	3
May 21	The President’s Special Representative to the President and the Secretary of State Report of favorable reception of Davies by Stalin.	5
May 27	The President’s Special Representative to the President and the Secretary of State Report of final meeting with Stalin.	5
[Rec’d June 3]	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Suggestion for meeting in July or August, possibly at Fairbanks, Alaska.	6
June 4	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Notification that Roosevelt agrees in principle with contents of Stalin’s letter.	7
June 11	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Expression of chagrin that the Soviet Union was not consulted about the strategic decisions recently made by Roosevelt and Churchill.	7
June 13	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Proposal that Stalin meet with Roosevelt and Churchill at Scapa Flow.	8
June 18	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Endorsement of Churchill’s message of June 13 to Stalin.	9
June 18	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Information regarding Roosevelt’s correspondence with Stalin.	9
June 20	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Final text of Churchill’s latest message to Stalin.	10
June 25	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Insistence by Churchill on a tripartite, rather than a bilateral, meeting with Stalin.	10
June 28	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Elucidation of advantages to be derived from a bilateral meeting between Roosevelt and Stalin.	11
June 28	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Withdrawal of objection by Churchill to a bilateral Roosevelt-Stalin meeting.	12
June 29	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Desirability of a bilateral Roosevelt–Stalin meeting, in view of Stalin’s attitude toward Churchill.	12
1943 June 30	President Roosevelt to Generalissimo Chiang Expression of Roosevelt’s desire to meet with Chiang in the autumn.	13
July 5	The President’s Personal Representative to the President Report on Churchill’s attitude toward a tripartite meeting. Suggestion that Harriman would be willing to go to Moscow.	13
[July 9]	Generalissimo Chiang to President Roosevelt Agreement with Roosevelt’s proposal for a meeting in the autumn.	16
July 15	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Apology for accidental sinking of Soviet ship. Expression of hope for favorable response regarding the suggested Roosevelt–Stalin meeting.	16
July 21	The Chinese Minister of Foreign Affairs to the President’s Special Assistant Indication of Chiang’s desire to avoid a meeting with Stalin. Suggestion that the Roosevelt–Chiang meeting be arranged for August or September.	17
Aug. 8	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Notification of Stalin’s inability to go on a long journey for a meeting with Roosevelt or Roosevelt and Churchill. Suggestion of Astrakhan or Archangel as a possible meeting place.	17
Aug. 11	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Indication of improved attitude on part of Stalin. Preparations for the approaching Roosevelt–Churchill meeting in Quebec.	18
Aug. 11	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Transmittal of text of most recent message from Stalin indicating that he could not come to Scapa Flow because of the military situation and suggesting a preliminary meeting of representatives.	19
Aug. 12	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Transmittal of text of Churchill’s reply to Stalin.	20
Aug. 18	President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill to Marshal Stalin Joint plea that Stalin consider a meeting in Fairbanks. Agreement on alternate possibility of conference of Foreign Ministers.	20
Aug. 25	The President’s Naval Aide to the President’s Military Aide and Secretary Intimation of desire for reply from Stalin to the Roosevelt–Churchill message of August 18.	21
[Rec’d. Aug. 26]	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill Plea of inability to go as far as Fairbanks, in view of military situation. Agreement to preliminary meeting of Foreign Ministers.	22
Aug. 26	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Suggestion for going ahead with a meeting of Foreign Ministers.	23
1943 Sept. 4	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Expression of continued hope for a tripartite meeting of Heads of Government, perhaps in North Africa between November 15 and December 15.	23
Sept. 8	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Suggestion of Iran as a possible meeting place, the date to be arranged later.	23
Sept. 9	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Preference for Egypt rather than Iran as conference site because of shorter distance from Washington. Explanation of Constitutional responsibility of President to act on legislation within ten days.	24
Sept. 10	The Ambassador in Egypt to the Secretary of State Indication by Egyptian Prime Minister that Egypt would welcome a tripartite conference at Cairo.	25
Sept. 12	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill Statement of preference for Tehran as a more appropriate conference site than Egypt.	25
Sept. 17	The British Chargé to President Roosevelt Transmittal of draft message from Churchill to Stalin, suggesting that conference be held aboard ship somewhere in eastern Mediterranean.	25
Oct. 4	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Expression of hope that the three Heads of Government can meet and resolve difficulties left by the Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers.	27
Oct. 4	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Approval of Churchill’s suggestion for holding the conference aboard ship.	27
Oct. 5	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Comment on latest exchange of messages between Churchill and Stalin, regarding arrangements at Cairo and Tehran.	27
Oct. 5	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Transmittal of text of latest messages between Churchill and Stalin. Security arrangements for conference at Tehran.	28
Oct. 6	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Indication of the importance that Stalin attaches to a personal meeting with Roosevelt and Churchill.	29
Oct. 13	President Roosevelt to Generalissimo Chiang Letter of introduction for Hurley, who was to discuss conference arrangements with Chiang.	30
[Oct. 14]	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Suggestion of Habbaniya in Iraq as possible site for conference with Stalin.	30
Oct. 14	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Notification of Hull’s expected time of arrival in Moscow. Roosevelt’s concern over location of proposed meeting of Heads of Government.	30
1943 Oct. 14	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Explanation of why Roosevelt could not go as far as Tehran with the American Congress in session. Suggestion of Cairo, Asmara, Baghdad, or the eastern Mediterranean as possible conference sites.	31
Oct. 14	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Transmittal of text of Roosevelt’s message of same date to Stalin.	32
Oct. 16	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Concurrence with Roosevelt’s latest message to Stalin.	32
Oct. 17	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Interim acknowledgment of Roosevelt’s telegram of October 19.	33
Oct. 19	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Insistence on Tehran as only acceptable conference site. Approval of late November as possible date.	33
Oct. 20	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Request that a conference of the Combined Chiefs of Staff be held in North Africa between the Foreign Ministers Conference and the meeting with Stalin.	34
Oct. 21	The Secretary of State to the President Report that Stalin will not go farther than Tehran for a tripartite conference.	34
Oct. 21	The President to the Secretary of State Transmittal via Hull of message to Stalin, explaining why Roosevelt cannot go as far as Tehran and suggesting Basra, Asmara, or Ankara as possible conference sites.	35
Oct. 21	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Transmittal to Churchill of Roosevelt’s latest message to Stalin. Request that Eden support Roosevelt’s position in Moscow.	37
Oct. 22	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Assurance that Eden will support American position in Moscow. Insistence on an early Anglo-American meeting.	37
Oct. 22	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Proposal that the Combined Chiefs of Staff, together with Roosevelt and Churchill, meet after, rather than before, the projected conference with the Russians.	37
Oct. 23	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Insistence that an Anglo-American military conference be held prior to the meeting with Stalin.	38
Oct. 25	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Suggestion that Roosevelt and Churchill meet in North Africa about November 20. If Stalin will not come beyond Tehran, he might send Molotov. Chiang might join the Anglo-American meeting for two or three days.	39
Oct. 25	Memorandum by the Secretary of State Report of conversation in which Hull emphasized to Molotov the need for Stalin to go to Basra so that the Heads of Government might begin to formulate plans for the postwar world.	40
1943 Oct. 25	The Chief of Staff of the Army to the President’s Chief of Staff Commentary on draft message to be sent to Churchill, regarding Russian participation in next conference of the Combined Chiefs of Staff.	41
Oct. 26	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Agreement to meet in North Africa and to include Chiang and Molotov on basis suggested by Roosevelt; suggestion of Pyramids area as suitable.	41
Oct. 26	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Text of proposed joint message to Stalin, inviting Russian participation in the next conference of the Combined Chiefs of Staff.	42
Oct. 26	President Roosevelt to President Inönü. Reflection on common ideals of the United States and Turkey; intimation of Roosevelt’s wish to discuss common problems with Inönü.	43
Oct. 26	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Report on conversation with Molotov, indicating Russian concern that communications to Basra could not be policed by Prussian troops, as was the case with lines to Tehran.	43
Oct. 26	The President’s Special Assistant to the Ambassador in the Soviet Union Expression of confidence that Iran and Iraq will permit entry of Russian guard troops if Stalin will come to Basra.	45
Oct. 26	The Secretary of State to the President Report on conversation with Stalin in which Hull urged Stalin to come to Basra; Stalin’s concern about policing lines of communication to Basra.	45
Oct. 27	President Roosevelt to Generalissimo Chiang Invitation for Chiang to meet with Churchill and Roosevelt in Alexandria between 20th and 25th of November.	47
Oct. 27	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Objection to including a Russian military representative in the discussions of the Combined Chiefs of Staff.	47
Oct. 28	The Acting Secretary of State to the President Recommendation of Bohlen and Reinhardt as assistants to the President for his forthcoming conference.	48
Oct. 28	The President to the Secretary of State Request that Hull endeavor to return by November 7 in order that Roosevelt might consult with him before leaving on November 9 for North Africa.	49
Oct. 29	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Expression of hope that Roosevelt and Churchill can plan to meet at Casablanca between November 15 and November 20, regardless of possible arrangements with Stalin.	49
Oct. 29	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Proposal of code name “ Sextant ”.	50
1943 Oct. 29	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Proposal that Churchill, Roosevelt, and the Combined Chiefs of Staff meet at Cairo or Alexandria on November 20. Meeting with Molotov might be scheduled for Basra, in hope Stalin might come for at least one day.	50
Oct. 29	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Acceptance of code name “ Sextant ”.	51
Oct. 29	Memorandum by the Secretary of State Report on conversation with Molotov, in which Hull urged that Stalin fly to Basra for meeting with Roosevelt and Churchill. Molotov gave no encouragement.	51
Oct. 29	The Secretary of State to the President Report by Hull that he will not be able to return before the President leaves; suggestion that they meet somewhere in North Africa; Stalin adamant about not going farther than Tehran.	52
Oct. 30	The Secretary of State to the President Suggestion that if Roosevelt could delay his departure until November 11 Hull could see him in Washington. This would avoid risk of Hull’s waiting in areas of contagious disease in North Africa.	53
Oct. 30	The President to the Secretary of State Agreement to postpone departure until November 11 or 12; desire for Harriman, Deane, and Bohlen to be on conference delegation.	53
Oct. 30	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Agreement to meet Roosevelt in Cairo on November 20; arrangements to be made by Churchill for conference quarters on outskirts of Cairo near Pyramids. Molotov and Chiang could be accommodated at same site but not at same time.	54
Oct. 30	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Agreement to arrive in Cairo by November 20, despite Hull’s delay in leaving Moscow.	55
Oct. 30	President Roosevelt to Generalissimo Chiang Request that Chiang meet Churchill and Roosevelt in vicinity of Cairo about November 26.	55
[Oct. 30]	Memorandum by the Commanding General, Army Service Forces Transmittal of message from Chiang, indicating he considers it important that he see Roosevelt before the latter meets with Stalin.	56
Oct. 31	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Report on satisfactory arrangements at Cairo for conference beginning November 20.	57
Oct. 31	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Explanation of code names used in preceding telegram.	57
Oct. 31	The Secretary of State to the President Report that Stalin will not go farther than Tehran for conference with Roosevelt and Churchill, although he seems to favor a policy of collaboration. Recommendation that Molotov and a Russian general be invited to Anglo-American conference if meeting cannot be arranged with Stalin.	57
1943 Oct. 31	The Secretary of State to the Acting Secretary of State Request for temporary assignment of Bohlen to Embassy at Moscow, which would make him available for the forthcoming conference.	59
Nov. 2	Generalissimo Chiang to President Roosevelt Agreement to arrive in Cairo about November 26 for meeting with Roosevelt and Churchill.	59
Nov. 2	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Suggestion that Roosevelt and Churchill meet at Oran or Gibraltar on November 15 or 16. The Combined Chiefs of Staff might meet at Malta for several days prior to the larger conference at Cairo. Importance of settling Anglo-American military problems before conferring with the Russians.	60
Nov. 2	The President to the Secretary of State Request that Hull return to Washington as rapidly as possible. Stalin should be asked once again if he would come to Basra for even one day.	61
Nov. 2	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Rejection of Churchill’s suggestion for preliminary meetings at Oran or Gibraltar and Malta. Assurance by Roosevelt that he can reach Cairo by November 22, even if he has to wait for Hull’s return to Washington.	62
Nov. 2	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Report that housing arrangements for the conference at Cairo are proceeding satisfactorily.	63
Nov. 2	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Suggestion that Roosevelt and Churchill meet at Malta around November 17 before proceeding to Cairo.	63
Nov. 2	The Ambassador in the United Kingdom to the President Request to be included in the forthcoming conferences.	63
Nov. 2	The President to the Ambassador in the United Kingdom Agreement to Winant’s request to attend the conferences.	64
Nov. 3	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Confirmation of meeting at Cairo on November 22; insistence that British and American Chiefs of Staff consult together before meeting with Russians.	64
Nov. 4	The Ambassador in the United Kingdom to the President Report that Churchill is disturbed at Roosevelt’s suggestion to bring a Russian military representative into the deliberations of the Combined Chiefs of Staff.	64
Nov. 4	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Importance to Russians of the “Second Front”, promised for the spring of 1944; importance of including Molotov and a Russian military representative in the Anglo-American military deliberations preceding the possible meeting with Stalin.	65
Nov. 5	The Acting Secretary of State to the Adviser on Political Relations Report on Roosevelt’s plans and his desire to have Jernegan and Steinhardt alerted for consultations.	66
1943 Nov. 5	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Assurance that the Anglo-American group will have many meetings in Cairo before being joined by either the Russians or the Chinese. Roosevelt’s intention is to invite Chiang to arrive in Cairo by November 22.	66
Nov. 5	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Insistence by Stalin that he could go no farther than Tehran. Molotov, however, could represent him and could come where-ever convenient.	67
Nov. 6	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Agreement to proposals in Roosevelt’s telegram of November 5. Travel plans for Basra or Tehran can be worked out at Cairo.	68
Nov. 6	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Transmittal of report by Ismay on connections by plane and train from Cairo to Basra and Tehran.	69
Nov. 7	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Suggestion that Molotov and Russian military staff meet with Anglo-American group at Cairo. If weather appears good, a brief meeting with Stalin at Tehran could then be arranged. Weather experience on flights into Tehran not bad in late November.	70
Nov. 8	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Report that in absence of invitation from Kirk, Reilly will make arrangements at Cairo in consultation with Casey.	71
Nov. 8	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Statement that arrangements have been worked out so that Roosevelt can fly to Tehran for 3- or 4-day meeting with Stalin beginning on November 27. Proposal that Molotov and a Russian military representative join the Anglo-American military staffs at Cairo on November 22.	71
Nov. 8	President Roosevelt to Generalissimo Chiang Explanation of plans for meetings at Cairo and Tehran; request that Chiang reach Cairo by November 22.	72
Nov. 8	The Ambassador in the United Kingdom to the President Query as to whether Roosevelt would object to Winant’s traveling to Cairo with Churchill.	73
Nov. 8	The President to the Ambassador in the United Kingdom Approval of Winant’s travel plans.	73
Nov. 9	Generalissimo Chiang to President Roosevelt Explanation of recent events that might delay Chiang’s arrival in Cairo; his desire to see Roosevelt and Churchill before they see Stalin.	73
Nov. 9	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Assurance that arrangements in Cairo are being worked out satisfactorily.	73
Nov. 9	Memorandum by the First Secretary of Embassy in the Soviet Union Report on conversation between Harriman and Molotov, in which Molotov sought more detailed information regarding the subjects to be discussed in the meeting at Cairo. Intimation by Molotov that Stalin should not leave the Soviet Union for any conference at the present time.	74
1943 Nov. 9	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Request for information for Molotov regarding military subjects to be discussed at Cairo.	76
Nov. 9	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Confirmation of arrangements made at Cairo for accommodation of Roosevelt; suggestion that Roosevelt and Churchill might meet first at Oran or Malta en route to Cairo.	76
Nov. 10	President Roosevelt to Generalissimo Chiang Agreement with Chiang’s view that the meeting with Chiang should precede the one with Stalin.	77
Nov. 10	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Expression of doubt that time would permit any prior meeting at Oran or Malta.	77
Nov. 10	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Transmittal of text of message from Churchill to Stalin, outlining the chronology of meetings planned for Cairo.	78
Nov. 10	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Agreement by Stalin to meet in Tehran on dates proposed by Roosevelt; intention to send Molotov and a Russian military representative to Cairo on November 22.	78
Nov. 11	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Expression of Churchill’s irritation that Roosevelt had invited Molotov and a Russian military representative to be in Cairo on November 22. Request that the Russians be asked to postpone their arrival in Cairo until November 25, thus giving time for prior Anglo-American discussions.	79
Nov. 11	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Explanation of why Roosevelt had not immediately notified Churchill of his agreement to go to Tehran; insistence that the Russians would resent a prior Anglo-American meeting from which they were excluded.	79
Nov. 12	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Notification that Harriman and the staff members from Moscow will arrive in Cairo on November 22. Query as to whether Molotov is expected to bring more than one military representative with him.	80
Nov. 12	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Confirmation of plans for meeting in Tehran and for prior meeting with Molotov in Cairo.	81
Nov. 12	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Insistence by Churchill on need for Anglo-American military discussions at Cairo before the Russians join the conference.	81
Nov. 12	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Notification that Molotov cannot come to Cairo on November 22 but will come with Stalin to Tehran.	82
Nov. 12	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Repetition to Roosevelt of Stalin’s latest telegram to Churchill regarding the inability of Molotov to come to Cairo. Insistence by Stalin that the meeting in Tehran include representatives of only the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union.	82
1943 [Nov. 12]	President Roosevelt to Generalissimo Chiang Explanation of latest travel plans for trip to Cairo and Tehran; expression of hope that Chiang can arrive in Cairo by November 22.	83
Nov. 12	The Minister in Egypt to the Secretary of State Suggestion that the United States Government observe the usual amenities toward the Egyptian Government, despite the peculiar circumstances of Roosevelt’s visit.	84
Nov. 12	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President’s Special Assistant Suggestion that Harriman and his staff from Moscow might preferably report in Cairo before the arrival of Molotov.	85
Nov. 13	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President’s Special Assistant Request for answers to previous queries raised by Molotov about the conference at Cairo.	85
Nov. 14	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Repetition to Roosevelt of Churchill’s affirmative reply to Stalin’s message of November 12.	85
Nov. 14	The Ambassador in Turkey to the President, the Secretary of State, and the Under Secretary of State Report of Inönü’s expression of willingness to meet with Roosevelt in Turkey or elsewhere in the Near East.	86
Nov. 15	Minutes of the President’s Meeting With the Joint Chiefs of Staff Report by Roosevelt on latest conference arrangements.	86
Nov. 15	The President’s Secretary to the Secretaries of State, War, and the Navy, and to the Chief, United States Secret Service Transmittal of memorandum from the Director of the Office of Censorship regarding the leak of information from Cairo about the forthcoming conference; request for support of Price’s position.	87
Nov. 15	Memorandum by the Adviser on Political Relations Report of conversation with British Ambassador regarding the leak of information from Cairo.	89
Nov. 16	The Secretary of State to the Minister in Egypt Request that Kirk take up the matter of leak of information with British authorities at Cairo.	90
Nov. 16	The President’s Secretary to the Secretaries of State, War, and the Navy, and to the Chief, United States Secret Service Transmittal of report of further leakage of information from Cairo regarding the date of the forthcoming conference.	90
Nov. 16	The President’s Secretary to the Secretaries of State, War, and the Navy, and to the Chief, United States Secret Service Transmittal of additional evidence of news leakage from Cairo; request for assistance to Office of Censorship in interest of security.	91
Nov. 16	The Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army to the Secretary of State Transmittal of protest from United States Chiefs of Staff to British Chiefs of Staff about leakage of information from Cairo.	92
1943 Nov. 16	Memorandum by the First Secretary of Embassy in the Soviet Union Report on conversation between Harriman and Molotov about arrangements for the conferences at Cairo and Tehran.	93
Nov. 17	The Minister in Egypt to the Secretary of State Report of assurances from British officials that no more references to the preparations being made at the Mena House would be passed by censorship.	95
Nov. 17	The President to the Commander in Chief, Allied Forces, North Africa Proposal that meeting place be changed to Khartoum because of news leak about Cairo.	96
Nov. 18	The Minister in Egypt to the Secretary of State Additional information about censorship in Egypt of news about the forthcoming conferences.	96
Nov. 18	The Secretary of State to the President Recommendation that Roosevelt send a message of sympathy to King Farouk.	97
Nov. 18	The Commander in Chief, Allied Forces, North Africa, to the President Recommendation that meeting be held at Cairo as planned or alternatively at Malta.	97
Nov. 18	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Recommendation that the conferees proceed to Cairo as scheduled. Malta would be the only alternative.	98
Nov. 19	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Additional considerations favoring Cairo over Malta as conference site.	99
Nov. 19	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Agreement to proceed to Cairo as planned.	99
Nov. 20	The Secretary of War to the Chief of Staff of the Army Recommendation that conference site be changed from Cairo.	99
Nov. 20	The President to the Ambassador in Turkey Indication that Steinhardt will be wanted in Cairo shortly.	100
Nov. 20	The Secretary of State to the Ambassador in Turkey Instruction for Steinhardt to come to Cairo immediately.	100
Nov. 20	The President to the Ambassador in Turkey Request that Inonu be told that Roosevelt would be arranging to meet with him in the near future.	100
Nov. 20	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Notification of arrival and travel plans.	101
Nov. 20	President Roosevelt to King Farouk of Egypt Message of sympathy on King Farouk’s automobile accident.	101
Nov. 20	The Joint Chiefs of Staff to the Ambassador in the Soviet Union Instruction for Harriman and certain staff members to come to Cairo.	102
1943 Nov. 20	The President’s Personal Representative to the President Report on conversations with Chiang concerning the forthcoming conferences; Chiang’s suspicion of Russian intentions in China.	102
Nov. 21	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Notification of arrival and travel plans.	104
Nov. 21	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Notification of arrival in Cairo; need to explain Churchill’s absence from Parliament.	104
Nov. 21	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Citation to Biblical text.	105
Nov. 21	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Report on military dispositions for defense of Cairo.	105
Nov. 21	The Minister in Egypt to the Chief of the Egyptian Cabinet Notification of Roosevelt’s arrival in Egypt.	106
Nov. 21	The Minister in Egypt to the Egyptian Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Notification of Roosevelt’s arrival in Egypt.	107

2. Substantive Preparatory Papers

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Date	Paper	Page
	Editorial Note Explanation of types of papers included in Chapter 2.	108
1943 Oct. 22	Report by the Joint Strategic Survey Committee Preparation for the next conference of the Combined Chiefs of Staff.	109
Oct. 23	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Recommendations regarding the planning for Overlord .	110
Oct. 23	The Secretary of State to the President and the Acting Secretary of State Transmittal of text of Soviet request for certain Italian ships, specified by type and number.	112
Oct. 23	The British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to the Secretary of State Transmittal of British proposal for a tripartite declaration on Iran.	113
Oct. 24	United States Delegation Minutes of the Sixth Regular Meeting of the Moscow Conference Discussion of common policy toward Iran; appointment of committee to consider the problem.	115
Oct. 24	Memorandum by the British Delegation to the Moscow Conference British proposal on tripartite responsibility for the political rehabilitation of Europe.	116
Oct. 25	Memorandum by the Secretary of State Report of conversation with Molotov on Turkey’s status in the war and on postwar international cooperation.	117
1943 [Oct. 25]	Memorandum by the British Members of the Moscow Conference Committee on Iran Texts of two draft declarations on Iran: No. 1 tripartite, No. 2 bilateral.	118
Oct. 26	Memorandum by the American Members of the Moscow Conference Committee on Iran Proposed amendments to the British draft declarations on Iran.	119
Oct. 26	The President to the Secretary of State Recommendation that Italian shipping be used wherever effective without transfer of title until later date.	120
Oct. 26	The President to the Secretary of State Transmittal of views of the Joint Chiefs of Staff on inadvisability of urging Turkey to enter the war and on requesting air-base rights from Sweden.	121
Oct. 28	United States Delegation Minutes of the Tenth Regular Meeting of the Moscow Conference Formulation of the Conference decision regarding the timing of Overlord ; the status of Turkey in the war; possible use of Swedish air bases; discussion of United States proposal regarding air bases, meteorological stations, weather information, and communications and transport.	121
Oct. 29	The Secretary of State to the President and the Acting Secretary of State Report of Molotov’s unfavorable reaction to Hull’s suggestion that the question of the Italian ships be referred to the conference of Heads of Government.	126
Oct. 30	The Secretary of State to the President Importance of satisfying the Soviet request for certain Italian ships.	127
[Oct. 30]	Draft Message From the President to the Secretary of State Assurance that the Soviet Union would receive one-third of captured Italian naval and merchant ships for immediate use; final disposition to await the peace conference.	127
Oct. 30	The President to the Secretary of State Clarification of Roosevelt’s intent to meet the Soviet request for certain Italian ships.	128
Oct. 30	The President to the Secretary of State Clarification of Roosevelt’s position regarding final disposition of Italian ships.	128
Oct. 30	The President to the Secretary of State Further explanation of Roosevelt’s views regarding division of Italian shipping.	129
Oct. 30	The Acting Secretary of State to the President Suggestions to the President regarding Palestine, Greece, Arab unity, Iran, and French control in Syria and Lebanon.	129
1943 Oct. 30	United States Delegation Minutes of the Final Meeting of the Moscow Conference Agreement to postpone further discussion of the British proposal on tripartite responsibility for Europe; agreement to refer the proposed declaration on Iran to representatives in Tehran.	130
Oct. 31	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Recommendation for prompt decision on assignments of Marshall, Eisenhower, and Alexander.	131
Nov. 1	Secret Protocol of the Moscow Conference Consideration of measures to shorten the war; disposition of certain Italian ships; common policy in Iran.	132
Nov. 1	Most Secret Protocol of the Moscow Conference Measures to shorten the war in Europe; timing of Overlord ; entry of Turkey into the war; air bases in Sweden; bases in the Soviet Union for shuttle bombing; exchange of weather information and improvement of air communications between the United States and the Soviet Union; statement by Ismay (attached); statements by Deane (attached).	134
Nov. 1	The Secretary of State to the President Report on Eden–Molotov conversation regarding efforts to bring Turkey into the war.	144
Nov. 2	The Secretary of State to the President Report of Stalin’s promise to enter the war against Japan after the defeat of Germany.	147
Nov. 2	The Secretary of State to the President Continuation of preceding telegram.	147
Nov. 2	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Transmittal of text of Eden–Molotov agreement on urging Turkey to enter the war.	147
Nov. 2	The Secretary of State to the President Recommendation that the American and British Ambassadors at Moscow be authorized to express acceptance of Soviet request for certain Italian ships.	149
Nov. 3	Memorandum by the Representatives of the British Chiefs of Staff Proposal for a Supreme Allied Commander for the entire Mediterranean area.	150
Nov. 4	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Agreement to urge Turkey to enter the war but on condition that no resources be diverted from Overlord or operations in Italy.	151
Nov. 4	The Ambassador in the United Kingdom to the President Report of certain subjects that Churchill felt would need to be settled at the next conference of the Combined Chiefs of Staff.	152
Nov. 4	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Summary of Soviet attitudes on international cooperation, Turkey, Sweden, the “Second Front”, Germany, the French Committee, Soviet frontiers, Poland, and Iran.	152
1943 Nov. 5	The Acting Secretary of State to the Adviser on Political Relations Report on Roosevelt’s interest in the Middle East oil situation, control of West Africa, and “the Turkish matter”.	155
Nov. 6	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Suggested modification of phraseology in last sentence of Roosevelt’s telegram of November 4.	156
Nov. 6	Memorandum by the Combined Chiefs of Staff Basic policies for the next conference of the Combined Chiefs of Staff: objective, strategy, and basic undertakings.	157
Nov. 6	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Report on discussion with Molotov of Roosevelt’s message of November 4 with respect to urging Turkey to enter the war.	158
Nov. [6?]	Memorandum by Generalissimo Chiang’s Chief of Staff Chiang’s program for the training of Chinese troops and his expectations regarding Allied operations in the China–Burma–India theater of war.	159
Nov. 8	The President to the Ambassador in the Soviet Union Instruction to amend the American agreement regarding Turkey and to attach it to the Most Secret Protocol of the Moscow Conference.	161
Nov. 8	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Notification of action taken on the American adherence to the agreement on urging Turkey to enter the war.	161
Nov. 8	The Chargé in Turkey to the President, the Secretary of State, and the Under Secretary of State Report on Eden–Menemencioğlu talks regarding Turkish air bases and Turkey’s possible entry into the war.	161
Nov. 8	The Acting Secretary of State to the President Transmittal of memorandum on Middle East oil, prepared in the Department of State.	162
Nov. 9	The Chief of the Division of Near Eastern Affairs to the Under Secretary of State, the Assistant Secretary of State, and the Adviser, on Political Relations Report on Eden–Menemencioğlu talks regarding Turkish air bases and Turkey’s possible entry into the war.	164
Nov. 9	The Acting Secretary of State to the President Transmittal of memoranda on trusteeships for certain Pacific islands and geographic data about certain Pacific islands.	167
Nov. 9	The Acting Secretary of State to the Ambassador in the Soviet Union Authorization to attach the American agreement regarding Turkey to the Most Secret Protocol of the Moscow Conference.	171
Nov. 10	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Request for British assistance in construction of four air bases for long-range bombers in the area of Calcutta.	172
Nov. 10	President Roosevelt to Generalissimo Chiang Request for Chinese assistance in the construction of five air bases for long-range bombers in the Chengtu area.	172
1943 Nov. 10	The President’s Chief of Staff to the President Recommendation by the Joint Chiefs of Staff that the Soviet request for certain Italian ships be approved but without transfer of title.	173
Nov. 10	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Expression of discontent with recent changes in the French National Committee.	174
Nov. 10	The Chargé in Ankara to the President, the Secretary of State, and the Under Secretary of State Report on the Eden–Menemencioğlu talks regarding Turkish air bases and the possible entry of Turkey into the war.	174
Nov. 10	The Secretary of War to the President’s Special Assistant Suggestions regarding Overlord and changes in the top commands.	175
Nov. 11	Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary of State Report on a meeting at the White House on civil aviation policy.	177
Nov. 11	Memorandum by Mr. Kohler of the Division of Near Eastern Affairs Report on further conversations between the British and the Turks regarding Turkey’s possible entry into the war.	180
Nov. 11	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Prediction that Russians will raise question of Sweden at the coming conference; relationship to the Finnish problem.	182
Nov. 11	Memorandum by the Department of State Recommendations for the treatment of Germany.	183
Nov. 11	Report by the Joint Staff Planners Construction and utilization of bases for long-range bombers near Calcutta and Chengtu.	187
Nov. 12	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Agreement with Roosevelt’s request for British assistance in construction of air bases near Calcutta.	188
Nov. 12	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the Secretary of State Report on decision not to add the agreement on Turkey to the Most Secret Protocol of the Moscow Conference.	188
Nov. 13	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President’s Special Assistant Request for instructions regarding Soviet desire for certain Italian ships.	189
Nov. 13	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Suggestion that the United States and Great Britain insist that French authorities release the Lebanese President and Ministers.	189
Nov. 14	The Ambassador in Turkey to the President, the Secretary of State, and the Under Secretary of State Report on British-Turkish conversations regarding the possible use of Turkish air bases and the timing of Turkey’s entry into the war.	190
1943 Nov. 14	The Ambassador in Turkey to the President, the Secretary of State, and the Under Secretary of State Report on Turkish Foreign Minister’s conversation with the German Ambassador regarding Turkey’s position toward the war.	193
Nov. 14	The Ambassador in Turkey to the President, the Secretary of State, and the Under Secretary of State Report on conversation between the Turkish Foreign Minister and the Russian Ambassador regarding Turkish fears of Russian ambitions in the Balkans.	193
Nov. 15	Minutes of the President’s Meeting With the Joint Chiefs of Staff Rearmament of trench forces; United Nations strategy in the Balkans-Eastern Mediterranean; assignments for the top commands; Rome as an open city; the Italian Government; trusteeship; documentation of the Moscow Conference; civil affairs; agenda for the conference.	194
Nov. 16	The Ambassador in Turkey to the President, the Secretary of State, and the Under Secretary of State Report of measures taken by Turkish authorities to conceal their assistance to the British on Leros.	199
Nov. 16	The Ambassador in Turkey to the President, the Secretary of State, and the Under Secretary of State Report of conversation with the Russian Ambassador about Turkish fears of Russian intentions in the Balkans.	199
Nov. 16	Memorandum by the First Secretary of Embassy in the Soviet Union Report on Harriman–Molotov conversation regarding military subjects that might come up at the forthcoming conferences.	201
Nov. 17	The Joint Chiefs of Staff to the President Transmittal of alternative proposals and charts concerning the organization of the command over American and British forces against Germany.	203
Nov. 17	The Joint Chiefs of Staff to the President Recommendation for unified command; willingness to accept Dill.	209
Nov. 18	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff United States strategic policy in the Balkan-Eastern Mediterranean region.	210
Nov. 18	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Specific operations for the defeat of Germany and her satellites.	211
Nov. 18	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Estimate of the enemy situation in Europe.	214
Nov. 18	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Recommendation for integrated command of United States strategic air forces in the European-Mediterranean area; draft directive to certain Allied and American commanders.	228
1943 Nov. 18	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Estimate of the enemy situation in the Pacific-Far Eastern area; Soviet and Chinese capabilities and intentions in the Far East.	232
Nov. 18	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Future operations in the Southeast Asia command.	243
Nov. 18	The Secretary of State to the President British request for United States support in energetic measures to release Lebanese political prisoners.	244
Nov. 19	The Secretary of State to the President Report on recent developments in the Lebanese situation, reorganization of the Italian Government and the French Committee, peace feelers from Rumania.	244
Undated	Paper Prepared by the Joint Staff Planners Proposed agenda for the meeting of Roosevelt and Chiang.	245
Undated	Paper Prepared by the Joint Staff Planners Proposed agenda for the meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill.	246
Undated	Paper Prepared by the Joint Staff Planners Proposed agenda for the meeting of Roosevelt and Stalin.	247
Nov. 19	Minutes of the President’s Meeting With the Joint Chiefs of Staff Organization of the top commands; total military forces of the United States and United Kingdom; operations in the Dodecanese; zones of occupation in Germany; dismemberment of Germany; maintenance of American troops in Europe; subjects on the proposed agenda.	248
Nov. 20	The Secretary of State to the President Summary of reports from Ankara regarding possibility of Turkey’s entering the war; reported attitude of Von Papen toward Hitler.	261
Nov. 20	The Secretary of State to the President Summary of reports on: British-Turkish conversations on military assistance, German war criminals, internment of partisans, communications of the Holy See, German agents in Spain, political situation in Rome, Spanish congratulations to the Laurel regime in the Philippines.	262
Nov. 20	The President’s Personal Representative to the President Report on Chiang’s intentions in the coming conference and his views on strategy in the war against Japan.	263
Nov. [21?]	Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary of War Report on Harriman’s views of Soviet attitudes toward ending the war, launching Overlord , and inducing Turkey to enter the war.	265
Nov. 21	The Secretary of State to the President Transmittal of draft letter from Roosevelt to the Pope regarding the recognition of Rome as an open city; transmittal of copy of memorandum of August 26 on same subject from the Apostolic Delegate to the Secretary of State.	266

[Page LXI]

3. The President’s Log en Route to Cairo, November 11–21, 1943

Date	Paper	Page
	Editorial Note Explanation of the Log.	270
1943 Nov. 11–21	Log of the Trip The setting for the conferences; chronological account of the sea voyage to Oran and the air trip to Tunis and Cairo; Presidential activities and appointments.	270

II. THE FIRST CAIRO CONFERENCE

4. The President’s Log at Cairo, November 22–26, 1943

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Nov. 22–26	Log of the Trip Chronological account of Presidential appointments, conferences, and other activities.	293

5. Proceedings of the Conference

[Page LXII][Page LXIII][Page LXIV]

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Nov. 22	Meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 11 a.m. Joint Chiefs of Staff Minutes Statement by Winant on British attitudes toward problems of strategy involving Italy, Turkey, and the Balkans.	301
Nov. 22	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 3 p.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Conduct of the Conference; proposed agenda; arrangements for Eureka ; relations between the Combined Chiefs of Staff and representatives of the Soviet Union and China; over-all strategic objectives.	304
Nov. 22	Meetings of Roosevelt, Churchill, Chiang, and Madame Chiang, Afternoon Editorial Note Explanation of nature of these meetings.	307
Nov. 22	Roosevelt–Churchill Dinner Meeting, 8 p.m. Editorial Note Sources of information on the meeting.	307
Nov. 22	American–British Preliminary Meeting, 9 p.m. Editorial Note Sources of information about the meeting.	308
Nov. 23	Harriman–Vyshinsky Conversation, Forenoon Memorandum by the Ambassador to the Soviet Union The Lebanese situation; the King of Italy; Mihailović.	309
Nov. 23	Roosevelt Conversations With Various Callers, Forenoon Editorial Note Nature of the meetings; specific information on the discussion with Vyshinsky about the Advisory Council for Italy, trusteeships, and arrangements at Tehran.	310
1943 Nov. 23	Chiang–Hurley Conversation, Forenoon Editorial Note Arrangements for the meeting with Stalin; military cooperation in Burma.	311
Nov. 23	Plenary Meeting, 11 a.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Southeast Asia operations.	312
Nov. 23	Roosevelt–Churchill Luncheon Meeting, 1:30 p.m. Editorial Note Absence of substantive record.	315
Nov. 23	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Conclusions of the 127th meeting; role of China in the defeat of Japan; estimate of the enemy situation in the Pacific and Far East; operations in the Southeast Asia Command; proposal for a United Chiefs of Staff; situation in the Southeast Asia Command.	316
Nov. 23	Roosevelt–Chiang Dinner Meeting, 8 p.m. Editorial Note Explanation of source text on this meeting.	322
	Chinese Summary Record China’s international position; status of Japanese Emperor; military occupation of Japan; reparation from Japan; restoration of territories to China; military cooperation; future status of Korea, Indochina, and Thailand; economic aid to China; status of Outer Mongolia and Tannu Tuva; possible Chinese representation in the Combined Chiefs of Staff.	323
Nov. 23	Dinner Party of the British Chiefs of Staff, Evening Editorial Note References to sources of information about the meeting.	326
Nov. 23	Churchill–Marshall Dinner Meeting, Evening Editorial Note Indication that subjects discussed included the Dodecanese, Rhodes, landing craft, the Italian campaign, aid to Balkan guerrillas, Mediterranean operations and Overlord ; strategic air operations.	326
Nov. 24	Meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 9:30 a.m. Joint Chiefs of Staff Minutes Report by Harriman and Deane on Soviet attitudes and aims as they might come up in the meeting at Tehran.	327
Nov. 24	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff With Roosevelt and Churchill, 11 a.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Operations in Europe and the Mediterranean.	330
1943 Nov. 24	Chiang–Marshall Luncheon Meeting, Afternoon Editorial Note References to sources of information about the meeting.	335
Nov. 24	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Thanksgiving Day service; conclusions of the 128th meeting; United Chiefs of Staff; agenda for Eureka ; operations in the Southeast Asia Command; boundaries of the Southeast Asia Command; discussions with Chinese representatives.	336
Nov. 24	Roosevelt Conversations With Various Callers, Afternoon Editorial Note References to sources of information about these conversations.	345
Nov. 25	Roosevelt–Cadogan Conversation, Forenoon Editorial Note Absence of substantive record.	346
Nov. 25	Roosevelt–Leathers Luncheon Meeting, 1:30 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to source of information on the meeting. Probable subject of discussion: supply.	346
Nov. 25	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Operations in the Southeast Asia Command; approval of decisions of C. C. S. 129th meeting; over-all plan for the defeat of Japan; Overlord and the Mediterranean.	347
Nov. 25	Roosevelt–Chiang Meeting, 5 p.m. Editorial Note References to sources of information on the meeting. Probable subjects of discussion: unity in China; operations in the China–Burma–India theater; amphibious operations in the Bay of Bengal; Stilwell’s authority over Chinese troops.	349
Nov. 25	Roosevelt Thanksgiving Dinner Party, 8 p.m. Editorial Note References to sources of information on the meeting. No indication that substantive matters were discussed.	350
Nov. 25	Combined Chiefs of Staff Thanksgiving Dinner Party, Evening Editorial Note Reference to source of information on the meeting. No indication that substantive matters were discussed.	351
Nov. 26	Roosevelt Conversations With Mountbatten and Madame Chiang, Forenoon Editorial Note References to sources of information on the conversations. Probable subject of discussion: operations in the China–Burma–India theater.	351
1943 Nov. 26	American-British Conversations on Civil Affairs, Afternoon and Evening Memorandum of Conversation Role of the European Advisory Commission with regard to civil affairs; relationship to the Combined Civil Affairs Committee.	352
Nov. 26	Chiang Meeting With Certain American Generals, 11:30 a.m. Memorandum of Conversation Tonnage to be flown into China per month.	354
Nov. 26	Meeting of American and British Information Officials, 11:30 a.m. Memorandum of Conversation Release of photographs and news reports on the Conference.	355
Nov. 26	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Operations in the Southeast Asia Command; reports from Commanders in Chief (Eisenhower and Wilson); approval of decisions of C. C. S. 130th meeting; Overlord and the Mediterranean; collaboration with the U. S. S. R.	358
Nov. 26	Roosevelt–Churchill–Chiang Meeting, 4:30 p.m. Editorial Note References to sources of information on the meeting. Principal subject discussed: the communiqué. Other subjects discussed at Cairo: the economic situation in China, including currency stabilization, a billion-dollar loan, and establishment of an economic commission; cost of American troops in China; disposition of Japanese islands in the Pacific; postwar security in the Pacific; internationalization of Dairen; results of Moscow Conference; postwar international organization; payment for Chengtu airfields; equipment for ninety Chinese divisions.	366
Nov. 26	Hopkins–Chiang Conversation, Evening Editorial Note Source of information on the meeting; mention of Outer Mongolia.	367
[Nov. 26?]	Notes by Hopkins of a Conversation With Chiang at Cairo Subjects discussed: Sino-American economic relations; Outer Mongolia; Dairen as a free port; Tibet.	facing 367

6. Conference Documents and Supplementary Papers

a. correspondence, drafts, and proposals

[Page LXV][Page LXVI][Page LXVII][Page LXVIII][Page LXIX]

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Nov. 22	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Proposed agenda for Sextant .	368
Nov. 22	Memorandum by the British Chiefs of Staff Proposed agenda for Sextant .	369
1943 Nov. 22	Memorandum by the Generalissimo’s Chief of Staff Role of China in the defeat of Japan.	370
[Nov. 22?]	Memorandum by Lieutenant General Stilwell’s Political Adviser Political considerations respecting the China–Burma–India theater.	371
Nov. 22	Note by the Secretaries of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Transmittal of recommendation from Deane regarding requests to put to Russians.	373
Nov. 22	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Notification of travel plans; query on accommodations at Tehran.	373
Nov. 22	The Ambassador to the Soviet Union to the Soviet Commissar for Foreign Affairs Request for designation of Soviet official to assist in making local arrangements in Tehran.	374
Nov. 22	The Secretary of State to the President Summary of Turkish reply to Eden’s proposals; report of German pressure on Finland; report on use of Azores bases; developments in the Lebanese crisis.	374
Nov. 23	United States Delegation Memorandum Comments on Soviet aims toward China and Chiang’s government.	376
Nov. 23	The President to the President’s Personal Representative Instructions for Hurley’s mission to Tehran.	377
Nov. 23	Memorandum by the British Chiefs of Staff Acceptance of United States proposal regarding long-range air bases in India.	377
Nov. 23	The Prime Minister’s Private Secretary to the President’s Special Assistant Transmittal of message from British Minister in Saudi Arabia, suggesting need for coordination of Anglo-American policy toward arming the Saudis.	378
Nov. 23	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Proposal for establishing a United Chiefs of Staff.	379
Nov. 23	The President to the Director of War Mobilization Request for estimate of output of landing craft on priority program.	380
Nov. 23	The Secretary of State to the President Summary of recent Polish memorandum protesting any alienation of territory in eastern Poland; strong desire of Polish Government to be represented at the forthcoming conference with Stalin.	381
Nov. 23	The Secretary of State to the President Notification of Stalin’s arrival date at Tehran.	385
Nov. 23	The Secretary of State to the President Report on American use of Azores bases.	385
1943 Nov. 24	The President to the Secretary of State Report on Lebanese crisis and Conference arrangements.	386
Nov. 24	The President to the Ambassador in Turkey Notification of Conference arrangements affecting proposed talks with Turks.	386
[Nov. 24]	Memoranda by the Chinese Government Establishment of a Four-Power Council; postwar international security; European questions and surrender of Germany; formation of a Far Eastern Committee; creation of a Unified Command; administration of enemy territory; terms of settlement with Japan.	387
Nov. 24	Memorandum by the British Chiefs of Staff Expression of opposition to proposal for a United Chiefs of Staff.	390
Nov. 24	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Recommendation for acceptance of Chiang’s proposal regarding boundaries of the Southeast Asia Command.	391
Nov. 24	The Secretary of State to the President Request for instructions regarding British proposal on dealing with the French National Committee.	392
Nov. 24	The Secretary of State to the President Summary of latest negotiations on American use of Azores bases.	394
Nov. 24	The Director of War Mobilization to the President Report on possible speed-up in landing craft production schedule.	395
Nov. 24	The Supervising Agent, United States Secret Service, to the Agent at Cairo Report on accommodations in Tehran; schedules by train and plane between Cairo and Tehran.	397
Nov. 24	American Draft of the communiqué With Amendments by President Roosevelt Photographic reproduction of first draft with handwritten changes.	399
Nov. 24	American Draft of the communiqué With Amendments by the President’s Special Assistant Changes made by Roosevelt in Hopkins’ draft.	401
Nov. 25	Revised American Draft of the communiqué Revised text incorporating changes by Roosevelt and Hopkins.	402
[Nov. 25]	British Draft of the communiqué Photographic reproduction of text with handwritten changes.	404
Nov. 25	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Proposal for designating a Supreme Commander for all operations against Germany; appropriate changes in subordinate commands.	405
[Nov. 25]	Memorandum by Prime Minister Churchill Negative response to American proposal for a Supreme Commander for all operations against Germany.	407
1943 Nov. 25	Note by the British Chiefs of Staff Analysis of strategic developments that might argue for changes in the timing of Overlord .	409
Nov. 25	Memorandum by the British Chiefs of Staff Examination of the effect of weather on Overlord .	411
Nov. 25	The President’s Chief of Staff to the President Analysis of the effect of North Burma operations on air shipments to China.	413
Nov. 25	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Notification of proposed arrival in Tehran on November 28.	415
Nov. 25	The Assistant Secretary of War to the President’s Special Assistant Transmittal of two memoranda on the problem of planning for civil affairs; recommendation for maintaining civil affairs planning under the Combined Chiefs of Staff.	415
Nov. 25	The Secretary of State to the President Report on latest developments in American use of Azores bases.	422
Nov. 25	The Director of the Civil Affairs Division, War Department, to the Assistant Secretary of War Report on Hull’s views regarding allocation of responsibility for civil affairs in light of areas of military operations.	423
Nov. 25	The Soviet Foreign Commissar to the Ambassador to the Soviet Union Designation of Russian general to work with Connolly on local arrangements at Tehran.	424
Nov. 26	Memorandum by the British Chiefs of Staff Negative reply to United States proposal for establishing a Supreme Command for all operations against Germany.	424
Nov. 26	Memorandum by the Combined Chiefs of Staff Military collaboration with the Soviet Union; proposed agenda (attached) for tripartite military discussions at Tehran.	426
Nov. 26	Note by the Secretaries of the Combined Chiefs of Staff Collaboration with the Soviet Union: shuttle bomber bases, air transport routes, weather information.	428
[Nov. 26]	Memorandum by the Combined Chiefs of Staff List of points concerning the Burma campaign, to which Chiang’s agreement should be obtained.	430
Nov. 26	The Commander in Chief, Allied Force Headquarters, to the Combined Chiefs of Staff Submission of letter from Giraud, requesting French representation at the Conference.	431
Nov. 26	Memorandum by the British Chiefs of Staff Rejection of proposal that United States strategic air forces in Europe be placed under a single command; alternative suggestion.	432
1943 Nov.26	The Director of Economic Operations in the Middle East to the President’s Special Assistant Transmittal of memorandum on consumer goods in Iran.	435
Nov. 26	The Director of War Mobilization to the President Request for authorization to begin increased landing-craft program.	438
Nov. 26	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Notification of intent to arrive in Tehran on November 27.	438
Nov. 26	The President to the Secretary of State Request that no further planning be undertaken at the moment regarding civil affairs in liberated France.	439
Nov. 26	The President’s Personal Representative to the President Report of invitation for Roosevelt to stay at Russian Embassy.	439
Nov. 26	The President’s Personal Representative to the President Report on accommodations for Roosevelt in the Russian Embassy.	440
Nov. 26	The President to the Minister in Egypt Request for Wadsworth to report to Cairo in a few days.	441
Nov. 26	President Roosevelt to the Chinese Minister of Finance Reference to Roosevelt’s discussion with Chiang regarding inflation in China.	441
Nov. 26	Madame Chiang to President Roosevelt Message of appreciation on behalf of the Generalissimo.	442
Nov. 27	The Assistant Secretary of War to the Secretary of War Report on Eden’s views regarding planning for civil affairs; relationship of the Combined Civil Affairs Committee to the European Advisory Commission.	442
Nov. 27	The Assistant Secretary of War to the Secretary of War Report on latest discussions about planning for civil affairs.	443
Nov. 27	The Director of War Mobilization to the President Suggestion for speed-up in output of certain type of landing craft closely resembling LCI(L).	444
Nov. 28	The Secretary of War to the Assistant Secretary of War Approval of McCloy’s negotiations on planning for civil affairs.	444
Nov. 30	The Assistant Secretary of War to the President’s Special Assistant Explanation of agreement worked out with British on planning for civil affairs.	445
Nov. 30	Draft Agreement Prepared by the United States Delegation Draft worked out by McCloy on liaison between the European Advisory Commission and the Combined Chiefs of Staff regarding civil affairs.	446
1943 Nov. 30	The Assistant Secretary of War to the President’s Special Assistant Request for indication of Roosevelt’s views on Hull’s suggestion for establishing an Anglo-American committee at London to deal with French problems.	447
Nov. 30	Memorandum by the Minister Resident in Saudi Arabia, Temporarily at Cairo Comment on telegram from British Minister in Saudi Arabia regarding need for Anglo-American cooperation in supplying arms to the Saudis.	447

b. the communiqué and its release

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Nov. 26	Final Text of the Communiqué Agreed text as completed on November 26 and released on December 1: territories to be removed from Japanese control; territories to be restored to China; independence of Korea; unconditional surrender of Japan.	448
Nov. 26	Memorandum by the Minister in Egypt Memorandum of conversation with Hopkins regarding release of the communiqué.	449
Nov. 28	The Minister in Egypt to the President’s Special Assistant, Temporarily at Tehran Request for detailed instructions regarding release of the communiqué.	449
Nov. 29	The Minister in Egypt to the President’s Special Assistant, Temporarily at Tehran Further request for instructions regarding release of the communiqué.	450
Nov. 29	The President’s Special Assistant to the Minister in Egypt Instructions regarding release of the communiqué.	450
Nov. 30	The President’s Special Assistant to the Minister in Egypt Instructions regarding release of information about the Cairo Conference.	451
Nov. 30	The Director of the Office of War Information to the British Minister of Information Protest against premature release of press report on Cairo Conference.	452
Dec. 2	The President’s Secretary to the President’s Special Assistant Report of favorable public reaction to Cairo communiqué; suggestion for tightening controls on future releases of this nature.	453
Dec. 2	The President’s Special Assistant to the President’s Secretary Request for report on any violations of censorship rules in release of Cairo or Tehran communiqués.	453
Dec. 2	The President’s Secretary to the President’s Special Assistant Report on adverse reaction in American press circles to premature release by Reuters of information on Cairo Conference.	453

[Page LXX]

III. THE TEHRAN CONFERENCE

7. The President’s Log at Tehran, November 27–December 2, 1943

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Nov. 27– Dec. 2	Log of the Trip Observations on flight to Tehran; chronological account of Presidential appointments and activities; notes on Tehran.	459

8. Proceedings of the Conference

[Page LXXI][Page LXXII]

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Nov. 27	Brown–Maximov Meeting, About 3:30 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject discussed: accommodations for Roosevelt at Tehran.	475
Nov. 27	Roosevelt–Maximov Meeting, 4:30 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to source of information about the meeting; presumably a courtesy call.	475
Nov. 27	Harriman–Clark Kerr–Molotov Meeting, Midnight Editorial Note Reference to source of information about the meeting. Subjects discussed: danger from German agents and accommodations for Roosevelt in Russian Embassy.	476
Nov. 28	Meeting of the President With the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 11:30 a.m. Joint Chiefs of Staff Minutes Operations in Italy; Mediterranean operations vs. Overlord ; possible entry of Turkey into the war; military support for Tito; Churchill’s opposition to Buccaneer ; need for unity of command in the Mediterranean; American use of Azores bases.	477
Nov. 28	Roosevelt–Stalin Meeting, 3 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Situation on the Russian front; postwar merchant shipping; China; Lebanon; the French Committee of National Liberation; future of France; Indochina; trusteeship for colonies; reform in India.	483
Nov. 28	Roosevelt–Molotov Meeting, About 4 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting; presumably a courtesy call.	486
Nov. 28	First Plenary Meeting, 4 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Survey of the military situation; operations in Italy; possible entry of Turkey into the war; preparation for Overlord and supporting operations.	487
	Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes	497
Nov. 28	Tripartite Dinner Meeting, 8:30 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Suggestion of Fairbanks as place for next meeting; the future of France; postwar Allied control of strong points; disarmament and control of Germany; the Oder River as Poland’s western boundary.	509
1943 Nov. 28	Bohlen Supplementary Memorandum Stalin’s views on treatment of Germany and the future of France and the French Empire.	513
Nov. 29	Tripartite Military Meeting, 10:30 a.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Review of the military situation; preparations for Overlord ; air war on Germany; shortage of landing craft; emphasis by Voroshilov on Overlord .	515
Nov. 29	Roosevelt–Stalin Meeting, 2:45 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Situation in Yugoslavia; request for air bases in the Soviet Union for shuttle bombing; American proposals regarding air and naval operations against Japan; postwar organization of the United Nations; the “Four Policemen”; international sanctions; postwar control of Germany and Japan.	529
Nov. 29	Second Plenary Meeting, 4 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Reports by the military staff; question of a commander for Overlord ; possible operations in the Mediterranean; Balkan developments if Turkey should enter the war; timing of Overlord ; possibilities in the Aegean.	533
	Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes	540
Nov. 29	Tripartite Dinner Meeting, 8:30 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Stalin’s raillery of Churchill; improvement of the Soviet Army; liquidation of the German High Command; punishment of war criminals; strong points to be under trusteeship; maintenance of the British Empire; governments in Spain and Portugal.	553
Nov. 30	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 9:30 a.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Possible Mediterranean operations; timing of Overlord and the operation against southern France; deployment of landing craft in the Mediterranean; Operation Buccaneer in relation to Overlord ; decisions reached; question of Aegean operations referred to Roosevelt and Churchill.	555
Nov. 30	Meeting of President Roosevelt With the Shah of Iran, Noon Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject discussed: Iran’s economic problems and assistance from the United States.	564
Nov. 30	Roosevelt–Churchill–Stalin Luncheon Meeting, 1:30 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Anglo-American decisions regarding the timing of Overlord ; the command of Overlord ; Stalin’s approval of Cairo communiqué; Russian access to warm-water ports; Russian desire for change in regime of the Dardanelles; free zone in North Germany, including Kiel canal; Dairen as a free port.	565
1943 Nov. 30	Hopkins–Eden–Molotov Luncheon Meeting, 1:30 p.m. Ware Minutes Postwar control of bases and strong points; position of France; arrangements for talks with Turkish officials; Turkish entry into the war in relation to Overlord ; aid to Tito; Polish boundaries.	568
Nov. 30	Third Plenary Meeting, 4 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Anglo-American decisions regarding Overlord and the attack on southern France; simultaneous attack by Soviet Army; shortage of landing craft; plans for concluding the Conference.	576
	Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes	578
Nov. 30	Tripartite Dinner Meeting, 8:30 p.m. Boettiger Minutes Toasts; political trends; Stalin’s tribute to American airplane construction.	582
Dec. 1	Tripartite Luncheon Meeting, 1 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Invitation to President of Turkey; military aid to Turkey; shortage of landing craft for operations in the Eastern Mediterranean; usefulness of Turkish bases; position of Bulgaria if Turkey enters the war; possible change in regime of the Straits; Russian-Finnish peace overtures; Stalin’s agreement for use of certain Russian fields for shuttle flights from Italy and England (annex).	586
	Hopkins Notes	593
Dec. 1	Roosevelt–Stalin Meeting, 3:20 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Reason for Roosevelt’s reluctance to discuss Polish boundaries; the Baltic States; postwar world organization.	594
Dec. 1	Tripartite Political Meeting, 6 p.m. Bohlen Minutes Acceptance of Soviet request for certain Italian ships; passage of Turkish Straits by war vessels; Polish-Soviet relations; Polish-Russian boundary; the Curzon Line; dismemberment of Germany; Danubian confederation; Polish-German boundary; partition of East Prussia.	596
Dec. 1	Tripartite Dinner Meeting, 8:30 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting. Subjects discussed: Declaration on Iran; the Conference communiqué.	605

[Page LXXIII]

9. Conference Documents and Supplementary Papers

a. correspondence, drafts, and proposals

[Page LXXIV]

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Oct. 29	Report From the Office of Strategic Services Report on conditions in Yugoslavia.	606
Nov. 27	The Supervising Agent, United States Secret Service, to the White House Notification of Roosevelt’s arrival at Tehran; travel plans for return trip.	615
Nov. 27	The Secretary of State to the President Suggestions for appointment to the European Advisory Commission.	616
Nov. 28	Foreign Commissar Molotov to President Roosevelt Comment on the Cairo communiqué.	616
Nov. 28	The President’s Special Assistant to the Director of War Mobilization Instruction regarding production schedule for landing craft.	617
Nov. 28	The President to the Director of War Mobilization Instruction regarding production schedule for landing craft.	617
Nov. 29	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Request for Stalin’s assistance in implementing United States proposals for use of air bases in the Soviet Union for shuttle bombing from England, exchange of weather information, and improvement of communications systems.	617
Nov. 29	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Request for use of air bases in the Maritime Territory for bombing Japan.	618
Nov. 29	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Request for preliminary planning for Soviet-American cooperation in war against Japan.	619
Nov. 29	The Minister in Iran to the President’s Special Representative Report on Iranian initiative for a joint communiqué on Iran.	619
Nov. 29	The Secretary of State to the President Report of Japanese peace offers to China; report on Salazar’s friendly remarks about Anglo-American use of Azores bases.	620
Nov. 29	The Secretary of State to the President Suggestion that a committee be appointed to undertake urgent study of international civil aviation problems.	621
Nov. 29	The President to the Secretary of State Request that Winant be appointed United States representative on the European Advisory Commission.	621
Nov. 30	Sketch by Roosevelt To Illustrate His Concept of the United Nations Organization Facsimile reproduction of sketch.	622
Nov. 30	The Joint Chiefs of Staff to the President Recommendation that the Soviet right to one-third of Italian warships be recognized but that no such ships should at present be turned over to the Soviet Union.	622
Nov. 30	Draft Declaration on Iran Draft of Four-Power Declaration, with editorial note on origin of the draft.	623
1943 Nov. 30	The Secretary of State to the President Query as to whether Winant could serve effectively as representative on the European Advisory Commission as well as Ambassador.	625
Nov. 30	The Secretary of State to the President Report on recent developments in Latin America: Colombian declaration of belligerency; visit of Colombian President to the United States; Senator Butler’s magazine article.	626
Dec. 1	The Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the American Legation in Iran Reminder of Iran’s contribution to United Nations’ victory and request for issuance of a communiqué on Iran by the three Heads of Government meeting in Tehran.	627
Dec. 1	The Administrator General of Finances of Iran to President Roosevelt Survey of previous American aid missions to Iran and suggestions for a future long-term aid program.	629
Dec. 1	President Roosevelt to the Shah of Iran Expression of appreciation for Iranian hospitality.	630
Dec. 1	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Note of thanks for birthday gift.	631
Dec. 1	The Minister in Egypt to the President’s Special Assistant Transmittal of message from Steinhardt, indicating that he has received no word from Tehran.	632
Dec. 1	The Ambassador in Turkey to the Secretary of State Report of Inönü’s desire to meet with Roosevelt; Aleppo suggested as convenient spot.	632
Dec. 1	The President to the Ambassador in Turkey Invitation to Inönü to join Roosevelt and Churchill in Cairo.	633
[Dec. 1]	The President’s Special Assistant to the President, and the President’s Reply Suggestion and reply regarding plans for dinner.	634
Dec. 1	The President’s Special Assistant to the President Suggestion about raising question of occupation of Germany.	634
[Dec. 1?]	communiqué: First Draft Draft of text, with editorial explanation of changes made by Roosevelt and Hopkins.	634
[Dec. 1?]	communiqué: Second Draft Draft of text with further changes by Roosevelt and Hopkins.	636
Dec. 1	Communiqué Third Draft Draft of text with further changes by Roosevelt and Hopkins.	638

[Page LXXV]

b. the communiqué and its release

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Dec. 1	The Agreed Text of the communiqué Text as agreed to on December 1, with editorial indications of variations in text as released on December 6.	639
Dec. 4	The Counselor of Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Secretary of State Report on several radio and press references to Tehran Conference.	641
Dec. 4	The Secretary of State to the Ambassador in the Soviet Union Request for information on premature Russian radio and press release on the Tehran Conference.	642
Dec. 4	The President’s Secretary to the President’s Special Assistant Request for prompt release of Tehran communiqué in view of premature Russian news report on Conference.	643
Dec. 4	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the Secretary of State Transmittal of Tass despatch of December 3 on Tehran Conference.	643
Dec. 4	The Director of the Office of War Information to the Director of the London Bureau of the Office of War Information Transmittal of message to Bracken regarding need for closer coordination to prevent premature releases.	643
Dec. 6	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the Secretary of State Explanation of Harriman’s understanding regarding the agreed release time on information about Tehran Conference.	644
Dec. 8	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the Secretary of State Report of Molotov’s explanation of the Tass release of December 3 regarding Tehran Conference; recommendation that no protest be made.	645

c. the declaration on iran and its release

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Dec. 1	The Declaration on Iran Signed text of the Three-Power Declaration, with editorial explanation.	646
Dec. 3	The Third Secretary of Embassy in Iran to Brigadier General Hurley’s Aide Explanation of the inception and negotiation of the Declaration on Iran.	648
Dec. 3	The Minister in Iran to the Secretary of State Report on preparation and proposed release of the Declaration on Iran.	650
Dec. 5	The Minister in Iran to the Secretary of State Report on premature release of Declaration on Iran by Soviet Embassy.	650
Dec. 8	The Minister in Iran to the Secretary of State Report of Soviet explanations of the premature release of Declaration on Iran.	651

[Page LXXVI]

d. the military agreement

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Dec. 1	The Military Agreement Initialed text of the agreement, with editorial explanations.	651

IV. THE SECOND CAIRO CONFERENCE

10. The President’s Log at Cairo, December 2–7, 1943

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Dec. 2–7	Log of the Trip Chronological list of Presidential appointments and activities.	655

11. Papers on Arrangements for the Conference With Turkish Officials

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Dec. 2	The Prime Minister’s Assistant Private Secretary to the President’s Special Assistant Transmittal of copies of two telegrams from the British Ambassador at Ankara regarding Turkish hesitations about coming to Cairo.	662
Dec. 2	The Ambassador in Turkey to the President Report of the condition on which Inönü will come to Cairo; tentative travel plans.	664
Dec. 2	The President to the Ambassador in Turkey Authorization to give Inönü the desired assurances regarding Cairo Conference; planes to be available at Adana.	664
Dec. 2	The President’s Special Assistant to the Ambassador to the Soviet Union, Temporarily at Tehran Request that Molotov be informed of arrangements with Inönü and be asked to have Soviet representatives at Cairo by December 4.	665
Dec. 3	The Ambassador in Turkey to the Secretary of State Notification of travel arrangements from Ankara to Cairo, and of members of party.	665
Dec. 3	President Roosevelt to President Inönü Invitation for Inönü to fly from Adana to Cairo in an American plane under command of Roosevelt’s pilot.	666
Dec. 3	The President’s Special Assistant to the Ambassador in Turkey Suggestion that Steinhardt push Roosevelt’s invitation for Inönü to come to Cairo in an American plane.	666
Dec. 3	The Ambassador to the Soviet Union to the President’s Special Assistant Report that Vyshinsky was to be designated as Soviet representative for talks with Turkish officials at Cairo.	666
Dec. 4	The Ambassador to the Soviet Union to the President’s Special Assistant Confirmation of designation of Vyshinsky as Soviet representative for talks with Turkish officials at Cairo.	667

[Page LXXVII]

12. Proceedings of the Conference

[Page LXXVIII][Page LXXIX][Page LXXX]

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Dec. 2	Roosevelt–Churchill Dinner Meeting, 8:30 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject of discussion: review of the general situation in light of the Tehran Conference.	668
Dec. 3	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Approval of decisions of C. C. S. 131st and 132nd meetings; implications of military conclusions of the Tehran Conference; draft agenda for remainder of Sextant Conference; entry of Turkey into the war; action on progress reports; combined bomber offensive.	669
Dec. 3	Roosevelt–Churchill Dinner Meeting, 8:30 p.m. Editorial Note References to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subjects discussed: operation against Andaman Islands or Rhodes; zones of occupation in Germany.	674
Dec. 4	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff With Roosevelt and Churchill, 11 a.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Significance of Stalin’s promise to enter war against Japan; importance of strengthening Overlord and Anvil ; shortage of naval resources for amphibious operations; arguments for and against Buccaneer ; possible operations in the Aegean; injunction to Combined Chiefs to reach agreement.	675
Dec. 4	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Conclusions of C. C. S. 133rd meeting; command of United States strategic air forces in Europe; Mediterranean command arrangements; over-all plan for defeat of Japan; operation Rankin and zones of occupation in Germany; need for constant review of situation in Europe; occupation in Central Europe; question of resources for Overlord , Anvil , and Buccaneer .	682
Dec. 4	First Tripartite Meeting of Heads of Government, 5 p.m. United States–United Kingdom Agreed Minutes Arguments for and against Turkey’s entry into the war; Turkey’s need for war materials; infiltration of British personnel into Turkey.	690
Dec. 4	Quadripartite Dinner Meeting, 8:30 p.m. Editorial Note References to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject of discussion: Turkey’s status in the war.	698
Dec. 4	McCloy–Jebb Meeting, Evening Editorial Note References to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject discussed: liaison between the European Advisory Commission and the Combined Chiefs of Staff.	699
1943 Dec. 5	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 10:30 a.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Approval of conclusions of C. C. S. 134th meeting; conflicting views on resources available for Buccaneer and Tarzan ; command of United States strategic air forces in Europe; directive for unification of command in the Mediterranean; Anvil ; directive for intensified support for Partisans in Yugoslavia.	700
Dec. 5	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff With Roosevelt and Churchill, 11 a.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Arguments for and against Buccaneer ; relationship of Buccaneer to Tarzan , Anvil , and Overlord ; assistance to Turks if they enter the war.	705
Dec. 5	Roosevelt–Inönü Meeting, 2 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting.	711
Dec. 5	Second Tripartite Meeting of Heads of Government, 3 p.m. United States–United Kingdom Agreed Minutes Three stages in Turkey’s relationship toward the war; Inönü’s concern about the Russians; delivery of war materials to Turkey; danger of German attack on Turkey; designation of committee to consider the problem further.	712
Dec. 5	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 3 p.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Operations in Southeast Asia; relationship of Buccaneer to Anvil ; liaison between Combined Chiefs of Staff and shipping authorities; schedule of future work; query to Mountbatten on substitute for Buccaneer (annex).	719
Dec. 5	Roosevelt Meeting With the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 5 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject discussed: decision to give up Buccaneer .	725
Dec. 5	Hopkins–Eden–Menemencioglu Meeting, 6 p.m. United States–United Kingdom Agreed Minutes Explanation of British plan for infiltrating military personnel into Turkey; Turkish concern about German reaction; delivery of war material to Turkey; Turkish promise to enter the war; Turkish concern about the timing of entry; Turkish desire to consider the problem with the Russians.	726
Dec. 5	Quadripartite Dinner Meeting, 8:30 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject discussed: entry of Turkey into the war.	734
1943 Dec. 6	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 11 a.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Approval of conclusions of C. C. S. 135th and 136th meetings; operations in Southeast Asia Command; over-all plan and specific operations for defeat of Japan; draft report to the President and Prime Minister; reallocation of Buccaneer resources; draft messages to Stalin and Chiang; future business.	735
Dec. 6	Roosevelt–Churchill Luncheon Meeting, 1:15 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject discussed: the communiqué to be issued on the talks with Inönü.	738
Dec. 6	Quadripartite Meeting, 2:30 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject discussed: the communiqué to be issued on the talks with Inönü.	739
Dec. 6	Roosevelt–Hughes Meeting, 4:45 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject discussed: treatment of Italian priests and nuns in Egypt.	739
Dec. 6	Roosevelt Meeting With the King of Greece, 5 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting. Principal subject discussed: the return of King George to Greece.	740
Dec. 6	Third Tripartite Meeting of Heads of Government, 6 p.m. United States–United Kingdom Agreed Minutes Political guarantees to Turkey; military supplies to Turkey; Turkish fears of German attack; development of airfields in Turkey; continuation of talks between Inönü and Churchill.	740
Dec. 6	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff With Roosevelt and Churchill, 7:30 p.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Consideration of final report; Chinese request for representation on the C. C. S.; draft communiqué on the U-boat war; draft messages to Stalin and Chiang.	748
Dec. 6	Dinner Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, About 8:30 p.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting; no official business discussed.	750
1943 Dec. 7	Roosevelt–Churchill Conversation, About 8:05 a.m. Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting.	750
Dec. 7	Churchill–Inönü Meeting, Morning United Kingdom Minutes Date for entry of British planes into Turkey; supplies for the Turkish Army; Inönü’s need for time to consider; British proposal on procedure (annex).	751
Dec. 7	Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 11 a.m. Combined Chiefs of Staff Minutes Approval of conclusions of C. C. S. 137th meeting; integrated command of United States strategic air forces in Europe; alternatives to Buccaneer ; merchant shipping for the war against Japan; availability of resources for operations; development of facilities in the Azores; new command arrangements; operations in Southeast Asia Command; employment of French forces; final remarks.	756
Dec. 7	Churchill–Combined Chiefs of Staff Dinner Meeting, Evening Editorial Note Reference to sources of information about the meeting.	764

13. Conference Documents and Supplementary Papers

a. correspondence, drafts, and proposals

[Page LXXXI][Page LXXXII][Page LXXXIII]

Date	Paper	Page
1943 Dec. 2	Report by the Combined Staff Planners Over-all plan for the defeat of Japan: concepts, operations, forces, bases in India. Preparations for possible Russian entry into war against Japan (annex I); availability and deployment of air forces (annex III).	765
Dec. 2	The Assistant Secretary of War to the Ambassador to the United Kingdom Suggestions for agenda of European Advisory Commission.	773
Dec. 2	The President’s Special Assistant to the Soviet Foreign Commissar Expression of satisfaction with the Conference at Tehran.	775
Dec. 2	The Secretary of State to the President Report of possible change in Portuguese attitude toward Japan, with reference to Timor; report of Japanese gains in China.	775
Dec. 2	The Secretary of State to the President Report of, and comment on, British request for Anglo-American discussions on Middle East problems.	776
Dec. 3	The British Ambassador to the Greek Government-in-Exile in Egypt to the British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Transmittal of suggestions for improved Anglo-American coordination of special operations in the Balkan area.	777
1943 Dec. 3	President Roosevelt to President al-Khouri of Lebanon Expression of sympathy and friendship for the Government and people of Lebanon.	778
Dec. 3	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Recommendations for specific operations against Japan; desirability of bringing the Soviet Union into the war against Japan.	779
Dec. 3	Memorandum by the British Chiefs of Staff Discussion of operations in the Eastern Mediterranean that could be undertaken if Turkey came into the war.	782
Dec. 3	The President to the Secretary of State Recommendations regarding European Advisory Commission; report of satisfaction with conferences with Chiang and Stalin.	784
Dec. 3	The President to the Secretary of State Request that no further action be taken on international civil aviation until Roosevelt’s return.	784
Dec. 3	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Expression of satisfaction with the Conference at Tehran.	785
Dec. 3	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Expression of appreciation for the hospitality of the Russian Embassy at Tehran.	785
Dec. 4	The Combined Chiefs of Staff to the Commander in Chief, Allied Force Headquarters Instruction to reply negatively to Giraud’s request to come to Conference at Cairo.	786
Dec. 4	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Proposal that in the event of Operation Rankin United States forces should occupy the Netherlands and northern Germany.	786
Dec. 4	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Decision in favor of unification of command of United States strategic air forces in Europe; draft directive (attached).	787
Dec. 4	The Assistant Secretary of War to the President’s Special Assistant Recommendation to adhere to the Civil Affairs plan worked out by McCloy and Eden.	790
Dec. 4	The Secretary of State to the President Report of Salazar’s insistence that American use of bases in the Azores must be in accord with a formula deriving from the Anglo–Portuguese agreement.	790
Dec. 5	The Assistant Secretary of War to the President’s Special Assistant Suggestions for resolving the difficulties with the British regarding Civil Affairs planning.	793
1943 Dec. 5	The Combined Chiefs of Staff to the Commander in Chief, Allied Forces, North Africa Instruction to enlarge Eisenhower’s command responsibilities in the Mediterranean area; instruction to intensify support of “Patriots” in the Balkans.	794
Dec. 5	Report by the Combined Chiefs of Staff Agreed decisions on operations in the European theater, particularly Overlord and Anvil ; divided views on operations in Southeast Asia, particularly Buccaneer .	796
Dec. 5	Report by the Combined Staff Planners Recommendation of forces necessary for an amphibious operation against the southern French coast; draft directive to Eisenhower (attachment).	797
Dec. 5	Report by the Combined Staff Planners Suggestions for amphibious operations in Southeast Asia alternative to Buccaneer .	800
Dec. 5	The President’s Chief of Staff to the President Report that British Chiefs of Staff are still opposed to declaring Rome an open city.	801
Dec. 5	Prime Minister Churchill to the President’s Special Assistant Request for expediting Anglo-American consideration of international civil aviation problems.	802
Dec. 5	The President’s Special Assistant to the British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and Reply Informal comments regarding Inönü’s attitude toward permitting British squadrons to enter Turkey.	802
Dec. 5	The President’s Special Assistant to the British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and Reply Informal comments on the dropping of Buccaneer .	803
Dec. 5	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Submission of draft message informing Chiang of reasons for dropping Buccaneer .	803
Dec. 5	Madame Chiang to President Roosevelt Expression of appreciation for Roosevelt’s interest in stabilizing Chinese currency; suggestion that Chinese financial official come to Washington for talks on the subject.	804
Dec. 6	The Soviet Ambassador to the Secretary of State Transmittal of message from Molotov to Hopkins on the success of the Conference at Tehran.	805
Dec. 6	President Roosevelt to King Farouk of Egypt Expression of appreciation for Egyptian hospitality and hopes for King Farouk’s speedy recovery.	805
Dec. 6	The Shah of Iran to President Roosevelt Expression of cordial sentiments; appreciation for the Declaration on Iran.	806
Dec. 6	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Proposal to send United States technicians and materials to the Azores in order to expedite the development of bases for American use.	807
1943 Dec. 6	Memorandum by the British Chiefs of Staff Proposals for harmonizing American use of Azores bases with the Anglo-Portuguese agreement.	808
Dec. 6	Memorandum by the Commander in Chief, United States Fleet, and the First Sea Lord Request for action by the Combined Chiefs of Staff to arrange for adequate shipping support for British fleet in war against Japan.	809
Dec. 6	Note by the Secretaries of the Combined Chiefs of Staff Notification of agreement by the Combined Chiefs of Staff on work schedule for completion of long-range air fields near Calcutta.	809
Dec. 6	Report of the Combined Chiefs of Staff to the President and the Prime Minister Summary of conclusions reached by the Combined Chiefs of Staff at the Sextant Conference.	810
Dec. 6	The Supreme Allied Commander, Southeast Asia Command, to the Combined Chiefs of Staff Reply to query regarding possible amphibious operations as alternative to Buccaneer .	815
Dec. 6	The President’s Special Assistant to the President Suggestion that Roosevelt privately ask Inönü to be ready to go to war on February 15, 1944.	817
Dec. 6	The Ambassador to Turkey, Temporarily at Cairo, to the President’s Special Assistant Report on a conversation with Helleu in which the latter recounted his version of the recent crisis in Lebanon.	818
Dec. 6	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Notification of appointment of Eisenhower as Commander of Overlord .	819
Dec. 6	President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill to Marshal Stalin Summary of Anglo-American military decisions respecting conduct of war against Germany in 1944.	820
Dec. 7	The President to the Secretary of State Instruction not to raise the question of recognizing Rome as an open city.	820
Dec. 7	Memorandum by the United States Chiefs of Staff Recommendation on tonnage to be flown into China per month and number of transport planes to be allocated to Tarzan .	821
Dec. 7	Composite Memorandum Handed by Prime Minister Churchill to the President’s Special Assistant Analysis of the status of British gold and dollar balances.	822
Dec. 15 [7]	Report by the Combined Administrative Committee to the Combined Chiefs of Staff Analysis of the availability of resources to meet the requirements of strategy.	828

[Page LXXXIV]

b. the communiqué

Date	Paper	Page
1943 [Dec. 6]	Text of the communiqué Announcement of the discussions with Inönü.	831

V. POST-CONFERENCE PAPERS

14. post-conference papers

[Page LXXXV][Page LXXXVI][Page LXXXVII][Page LXXXVIII]

Date	Paper	Page
	Editorial Note Definition of “Post-Conference Papers”; references to post-Conference statements already published.	835
1943 Dec. —	Memorandum by the First Secretary of Embassy in the Soviet Union Account of incidental remarks exchanged at the Tehran Conference.	836
Dec. [9]	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Report on final conversation with Inönü at Cairo.	839
Dec. 9	The Ambassador in Turkey to the Secretary of State Transmittal of statement about the Cairo Conference made at press conference by Turkish Foreign Minister.	839
Dec. 9	The Counselor of Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Secretary of State Reference to discussion, presumably at Cairo, of United States participation in the British committee on the Balkans.	840
Dec. 9	The Minister in Iran to the Secretary of State Account of the preparation of the Declaration on Iran.	840
[Dec.10]	The Ambassador in Turkey to the Ambassador in the Soviet Union Report on results of Cairo talks with Turkish officials.	844
Dec. 12	The Ambassador to the Greek Government-in-Exile in Egypt to the Secretary of State Report on conversation of Churchill and Eden with King George of Greece.	844
Dec. 14	The Ambassador in China to the Secretary of State Reference to discussion by Roosevelt and Chiang at Cairo of exchange rate of Chinese currency.	845
Dec. 15	Memorandum by the First Secretary of Embassy in the Soviet Union Analysis of Soviet attitudes as expressed at Tehran Conference on postwar international security, treatment of Germany, France, European confederations, Poland, Finland, British Empire, and the Dardanelles.	845
Dec. 18	President Roosevelt to the British Minister of Information Comments on the unsatisfactory handling of news releases on the Conferences at Cairo and Tehran.	848
Dec. 20	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt Acknowledgment of Roosevelt’s letter of December 3; significance of the Tehran Conference.	849
Dec. 20	The President’s Special Assistant to the Secretary of State Transmittal of British memorandum dated November 25, setting forth the main points to be raised by Eden in his conversation at Cairo with King George of Greece.	850
1943 Dec. 20	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Reference to Tehran agreement regarding delivery of Italian ships to Soviet Union by February 1, 1944.	852
Dec. 21	The President to the Ambassador in the Soviet Union Reference to turning over to the Soviet Union one-third of total of surrendered Italian ships.	852
Dec. 22	The Ambassador in the United Kingdom to the Secretary of State Indication that possible use of bases in Ireland was discussed in the Conference at Cairo.	853
Dec. 22	The Diplomatic Agent in Lebanon to the Secretary of State Report on conversation with Roosevelt at Cairo regarding the Lebanese crisis.	853
Dec. 22	The British Embassy to the Department of State Reference to Tehran Conference discussion on modifying the unconditional surrender policy with respect to Germany.	854
Dec. 23	The President to the Secretary of State Statement of Roosevelt’s recollection that modification of unconditional surrender policy was not discussed at Tehran.	855
Dec. 23	Generalissimo Chiang to President Roosevelt Reference to Chiang’s attitude, expressed at Cairo, that the Yunnan troops should not be used to initiate the Burma campaign.	855
Dec. 23	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Reminder that the Soviet request at Tehran was for certain Italian ships but not for one-third of the surrendered Italian fleet.	856
Dec. 24	The British Ambassador to President Roosevelt Indication that the Soviet request at Tehran for Italian ships did not comprise one-third of the Italian fleet.	857
Dec. 24	The Ambassador in Turkey to the Chief, Division of Near Eastern Affairs Explanation of the status of the Russian representation in the talks with Turkish officials at the Second Cairo Conference.	858
Dec. 27	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Transmittal of replies by Stalin to questions raised by Roosevelt at Tehran regarding air bases, air communications, combat intelligence, and weather information. Reference to Stalin’s views at Tehran regarding the war against Japan.	859
Dec. 27	Memorandum Prepared in the Department of State Indication that Chiang at Cairo raised the question of a billion-dollar loan to China.	861
Dec. 30	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the President Confirmation of the exact wording of the Soviet request at Tehran for certain Italian ships.	862
1944 Jan. 2	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Statement of Churchill’s recollection of discussion at Tehran about the unconditional surrender policy respecting Germany.	862
1944 Jan. 3	The Ambassador in the United Kingdom to the President Reference to Eden’s recollection of the discussion at Tehran of the unconditional surrender policy respecting Germany.	863
Jan. 3	Memorandum by the Secretary of State Reference to Roosevelt’s views, as expressed on his recent trip, about the future of Indochina.	864
Jan. 5	The Second Secretary of Embassy in China to the Ambassador in China Report on the discussion at Cairo of the postwar administration of Japan.	864
Jan. 6	The Ambassador in the Soviet Union to the Secretary of State Report of the assertion by Molotov that Roosevelt and Churchill had raised no objection to the terms outlined by Stalin at Tehran for peace with Finland.	865
Jan. 7	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Recollection of discussion at Tehran regarding the date for launching Overlord .	865
Jan. 8	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Clarification of Roosevelt’s previous misunderstanding regarding Stalin’s request at Tehran for certain Italian ships.	866
Jan. 10	The President to the President’s Personal Representative, Temporarily in Iran Request that Hurley explain that fears of possible violence during Tehran Conference related only to German agents.	867
Jan. 11	The Secretary of State to the President Reference to the Soviet accusations at the Tehran Conference against certain Polish resistance groups in Poland; request for copy of pertinent sections of the Tehran Conference record.	867
Jan. 12	Minutes of a Meeting of the Pacific War Council Report by Roosevelt on the Far Eastern subjects discussed at Cairo and Tehran.	868
Jan. 14	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Recollection of what was promised Stalin at Tehran regarding the date of Overlord .	870
Jan. 14	The Ambassador in the United Kingdom to the President Reference by Eden to his conversation with Roosevelt at Cairo about the treatment of Italian priests and nuns who had been arrested or interned.	870
Jan. 16	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Recollection that nothing was said at Tehran Conference about giving Soviet Union one-third of surrendered Italian ships.	871
Jan. 19	The Secretary of State to the President Reference to discussion, presumably at Cairo Conference, of American participation in the British committee on the Balkans; negative reply by Roosevelt.	871
Jan. 24	The President to the Secretary of State Confirmation of the fact that Roosevelt had discussed Indochina with Chiang and Stalin and that they agreed that it should be put under international trusteeship.	872
1944 Jan. 29	Marshal Stalin to President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill Reminder of what was agreed on at Tehran regarding the transfer of certain Italian ships to the Soviet Union.	873
Feb. 3	Generalissimo Chiang to President Roosevelt Reminder that Chiang had promised at Cairo to send his Yunnan force into Burma but only in conjunction with amphibious operations.	874
Feb. 23	President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin Reference to discussion at Tehran of United Nations machinery for postwar economic collaboration.	875
Mar. 3	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Request for clarification of Roosevelt’s statement to press regarding transfer of Italian ships to the Soviet Union.	875
Mar. 3	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Transmittal of Reuters’ text of Roosevelt’s remarks about transferring roughly one-third of surrendered Italian fleet to the Soviet Union.	875
Mar. 3	President Roosevelt to Prime Minister Churchill Explanation of statement regarding Italian ships.	876
Mar. 4	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Reminder that the agreement at Tehran Conference related only to those Italian ships specified by the Russians at Moscow and Tehran.	876
Mar. 4	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Comparison of number of Italian ship units requested at Tehran with number units comprising one-third of surrendered Italian fleet.	877
Mar. 6	President Roosevelt to Congressman Mruk Assurance that Roosevelt made no secret commitments at Tehran, except for those of a strictly military nature.	877
Mar. 7	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Assurance that no commitment was made to Russians at Tehran to give them one-third of Italian fleet.	878
Mar. 9	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Recollection of discussing British dollar balances at Second Cairo Conference.	878
Apr. 22	Memorandum by the Deputy Director, Office of European Affairs, Temporarily at London Report on Tehran Conference discussions dealing with dismemberment of Germany.	879
June 10	Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary of State Reference by Roosevelt to discussion of civil aviation with Stalin at Tehran Conference.	880
[Aug. 13]	Memorandum by the Assistant to the Secretary of the Treasury References by Eden to Tehran Conference discussions on dismemberment of Germany and assignment of this problem to the European Advisory Commission.	881
1944 Aug. 15	Memorandum by the Assistant to the Secretary of the Treasury References in British report on Tehran Conference to discussions regarding dismemberment of Germany and assignment of this question to European Advisory Commission.	883
[Sept. 25]	Memorandum by the Assistant to the Secretary of the Treasury Recollection by Roosevelt of Stalin’s remark at Tehran about postwar control of German metal-working industry.	884
Oct. 18	Prime Minister Churchill to President Roosevelt Report that Roosevelt at Tehran had accepted the “Curzon Line,” subject to retention of Lwów by Poland.	884
Nov. 13	Memorandum by the Ambassador to the Soviet Union Account of the signing of the Declaration on Iran.	885
1945 Jan. 9	The Consul at Colombo to the Secretary of State Reference to Mountbatten’s discussion with Chiang at Cairo about including Thailand and Indochina in the Southeast Asia Command.	886
Jan. 16	Memorandum by the Co-Chairman of the Anglo-American Caribbean Commission Recollection by Roosevelt of his remarks to Churchill at Cairo about return of Hong Kong to China.	887
Jan. 19	The Acting Secretary of State to the President Report of Mountbatten’s recollection of his agreement with Chiang at Cairo regarding the position of Thailand and Indochina with respect to the Southeast Asia Command.	887
May 29	The President’s Chief of Staff to the Secretary of State Report by Hurley of Chiang’s recollection of his conversation with Roosevelt at Cairo regarding the return of Hong Kong to China.	888
Aug. 11	The Ambassador in China to the Secretary of State Recollection by Chiang of Roosevelt’s statement at Cairo that United States would equip ninety Chinese divisions.	889
Sept. 3	The Secretary of State to the President Reference by Soong to Roosevelt’s commitment at Cairo to equip ninety or one hundred Chinese divisions.	889
Sept. 7	Memorandum by the Acting Secretary of State Reference to Chiang’s assertion of Roosevelt’s commitment at Cairo on the arming of additional Chinese divisions.	890
1948 Sept. 24	The Ambassador in China to the Secretary of State Report of recollection by Tong of Roosevelt–Chiang conversation at Cairo regarding the postwar status of Dairen.	891