Index

References are to document numbers

  • Acheson, Dean:
    • CIA budget issues, 30
    • CIA changes made at request of NSC, 110
    • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 144
    • Europe (Eastern), 144
    • National Intelligence Surveys, 41
    • Psychological warfare planning, 49
    • Soviet Union, 144
  • Ackerman, Gen. John B., 136
  • Adams, Sherman, 248
  • Advisory Committee on Government Organization, 210
  • Aerial/photo reconnaissance:
    • Air Force, recommendations made by U.S., 102
    • Balloons used in, 164, 229, 240, 242, 249
    • Dulles’s (John F.) assessments, 240, 242
    • Eisenhower authorizes production of thirty high performance aircraft, 199
    • Eisenhower-Dulles (Allen W.) communications, 197, 198
    • Foreign Information Program, 146, 155
    • Lockheed-Air Force (U.S.) meetings, 196
    • NSC Papers:
    • Project Genetrix, 229
    • Project Grayback, 240, 249
    • Smith’s (Walter B.) assessments, 164
    • Technological Capabilities Panel, 194
  • Africa, 61, 125, 127, 155
  • Agricultural reporting, 209
  • Agriculture Department, U.S. (USDA), 220
  • Ainsworth, Donald H., 175
  • Air America, 15
  • Air Force, U.S.:
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 102, 164, 194, 196, 198, 199, 229, 242
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 234, 251
    • Cryptographic systems, 251
    • Disclosure of classified military information, 255
    • Electronic intelligence, 230
    • Europe (Eastern), 142
    • Missiles, guided, 225
    • NSC-Air Force relations, 256
    • NSCID 1, 256
    • Project Genetrix, 229
    • Project Grayback, 240, 241, 242, 249
    • Psychological warfare planning, 124, 213
    • Search projects, special electronic airborne, 6
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 173
    • Warning facilities of the intelligence community, information/recommendations concerning, 234
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 91, 218
  • Air Objective Folder Program (AOFP), 209
  • Air Resupply and Communications (ARC) Wing program, 147
  • Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC), 202
  • Albania, 59, 190
  • Aliens into U.S. for intelligence/operational purposes, 206
  • Allen, Raymond B., 104
  • American Committee for Freedom, 15
  • Amory, Robert, Jr., 115, 137, 175, 176, 177, 193, 228
  • Anderson, Dillon, 214, 241
  • Anderson, Robert B., 230
  • Appleton, John B., 41
  • Armas, Carlos C., 154
  • Armed Forces Security Agency (AFSA), 21, 40, 99, 121
  • Armstrong, W. Park, Jr., 9, 19, 35, 39, 115, 175, 197, 233, 243
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 229
    • Bureau of the Budget’s study for coordinating economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210
    • Central Intelligence Agency:
      • Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities, 247
      • Budget issues, 30
      • Changes made at CIA in response to requests from NSC, 110
      • Defense Department-CIA relations, 204
      • State Department-CIA relations, 24, 46
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 236, 241
    • Covert operations, 70, 71
    • Foreign Service, 159
    • Intelligence Advisory Committee, policies and procedures of the, 29
    • Missiles, guided, 225
    • National Intelligence Estimates, 37
    • NSC Paper 50, 110
    • Office of Special Operations, 24
    • Psychological warfare planning, 59
    • Scientific/technical intelligence, 112
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 172
    • State Department-Defense Department Staff Study on intelligence, 22
    • Troy Report, 59
  • Army, U.S.:
    • CIA–Army relations, 95
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 251
    • Communications intelligence, 99
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 213
    • Cryptographic systems, 251
    • Disclosure of classified military information, 256
    • NSC-Army relations, 256
    • NSC Intelligence Directives:
      • NSCID 1, 256
      • NSCID 5, 95
    • Psychological warfare planning, 124, 213
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 91, 218
  • Ashcraft, 50
  • Asia, Southeast:
    • Aid/personnel to, American, 59
    • Air Resupply and Communications Wing program, 147
    • Committee for a Free Asia, 15, 94
    • Covert activities, 68
    • Foreign Information Program, 155
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • NSC Paper 135, 127
      • Progress report (PSB) as of August 1, 1952, 125
      • Progress report (PSB) as of October 30, 1952, 133
      • Progress report (PSB) as of January 5, 1953, 143
      • Progress report (PSB) as of July 29, 1953, 153
    • Radio Free Asia, 94
    • Troy Report, 59
    • War plans, CIA/OPC strategic, 61
  • Assessing the Soviet Threat: The Early Cold War Years (Kuhns), 12
  • Atkins, George, 217
  • Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), 207, 218, 221, 225
  • Atomic energy/war/weapons, 59, 126, 155, 209, 251
  • Attaché system, military, 202, 209, 214, 221
  • Ault, J.M., 217
  • Austria, 127, 234
  • Ayers, Fred, 164, 196
  • Babbitt, Theodore, 27
  • Bacteriological warfare, 124
  • Bahrein Petroleum Company, 105
  • Baker, James G., 194, 198
  • Balloons used for aerial/photo reconnaissance, 164, 229, 240, 242, 249
  • Balloons used for propaganda, 26, 59, 92
  • Balmer, Gen. Jesmond D., 108, 111, 142, 167, 205
  • Barbour, Walworth, 94, 118, 142, 237
  • Barnard, John L., 37, 41
  • Barnes, C. Tracy, 104, 129
  • Barnes, Robert G., 48, 218, 236
  • Barrett, Edward W., 7, 26, 52, 78
    • Crusade for Freedom, 100
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Cabinet Committee, 47
      • Interdepartmental Foreign Information Organization, 57
      • Psychological Strategy Board, 67, 74
      • Supervise, debate on who should, 49
      • Troy Report, 59
    • Radio Free Europe, 94
    • Voice of America, 94
  • Barry, James P., 175
  • Batlin, Alexander, 244
  • Belmont, Alan H., 245
  • Benjamin, Donald F., 175
  • Bennett, W. Tapley, Jr., 236
  • Beria, Lavrenty, 161
  • Berle, Adolph, 94
  • Berry, J. Lampton, 130, 145
  • Bieri, B.M., 189
  • Biographic information on foreign personalities, 146, 155, 206
  • Biological warfare, 209
  • Bishop, Max, 210
  • Bissell, Richard, 31, 193, 205
  • Boggs, Marion W., 187
  • Bohlen, Charles, 85, 96, 106
  • Bohn, John T., 229
  • Bohnaker, W.J., 57
  • Bolling, Gen. A.R., 35, 65
  • Borel, Paul, 115
  • Bowie, Robert R., 187, 210
  • Braden, Thomas, 94, 100
  • Bradley, Gen. Omar N.:
    • CIA–Defense Department relations, 54, 56
    • Covert operations, 83
    • Search operations, special electronic airborne, 6
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 80
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 138, 148, 149
    • Support bases, overseas CIA logistical, 140
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 106
  • British Broadcasting Company, 146
  • Broadcast monitoring, foreign, 24
  • Brownell, George A., 99
  • Brownell, Herbert, Jr., 206
  • Brownell Committee Report, 99, 121
  • Bruce, David, 247
    • Oil issues, 105
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Cold War, 139
      • NSC Paper 10/5, 139
      • Progress Report (State Department) as of May 7, 1952, 109
      • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee, 124
      • Smith’s (Walter B.) recommendations to consolidate/strengthen the PSB, 135
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 138
  • Buford, Sidney, III., 234
  • Bulgaria, 190
  • Bull, Gen. Harold R., 150, 172, 173, 175, 176, 177
  • Bundy, William P., 115, 149, 172
  • Bureau of European Affairs, 37
  • Bureau of the Budget, 52, 92, 210, 212, 213
  • Burgin, Miron, 172
  • Buying, organized/coordinated program of covert preclusive, 116
  • Cabell, Gen. Charles P., 29, 106, 159, 168, 172, 174, 196, 199, 205
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 249
    • Missiles, guided, 225, 245
    • Project Grayback, 249
    • U.S. Information Agency, 209
  • Cameron, Angus, 214
  • Campaign of Truth, 69
  • Canine, Maj. Ralph J., 29, 121, 136
  • Carpenter, Issac W., 210
  • Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (see also Dulles, Allen W.; Foreign Information Program; Intelligence Advisory Committee; Operations Coordinating Board; Psychological warfare planning; Smith, Walter B.):
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 102, 194, 196
    • Army (U.S.)-CIA relations, 95
    • Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities, 247
    • Budget issues, 24, 30, 111
    • Buildings/offices, improving, 205
    • Central Intelligence Act of 1949, 220, 221, 251
    • Central Intelligence Group, 221
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 186, 220, 221, 234, 236, 239, 251
    • Communications intelligence, 107
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210, 213
    • Cover problems, 205
    • Covert operations (see also Office of Policy Coordination and Office of Special Operations below):
      • Aliens into U.S. for intelligence/operational purposes, 206
      • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 251
      • Doolittle Report, 184, 185, 188, 192, 193, 205
      • JCS’s assessments, 83
      • Johnson’s (Louis) support of, 1
      • Joint Subsidiary Plans Division, 93
      • Joyce’s assessments, 145
      • NSCID 5, 255
      • NSC 5412, 171
      • NSC 5412/1, 212
      • NSC 5412/2, 250
      • Planning Coordination Group to be advised before operations initiated by CIA, 212
      • Policy Planning Staff’s assessments, 145
      • Private organizations/businesses used by, 15
      • Scope and pace of, 68, 70, 83
      • Support bases, overseas logistical, 140
      • Watch Committee, IAC, 3
    • Crusade for Freedom, 100
    • Current Intelligence Bulletin, 51, 53
    • Daily Summary, 48, 53
    • Defectors, using/exploiting, 107, 253
    • Defense Department-CIA relations:
      • Budget/finance/personnel issues, 34
      • Director of Central Intelligence Directive 5/1, 204
      • Doolittle Report, 205
      • Dulles (Allen W.)-Kyes communications, 165
      • Marshall’s (George C.) analysis of U.S. intelligence, 32
      • Smith (Walter B.)-Bradley communications, 54, 56
    • Director of Central Intelligence Directives:
    • Duties and responsibilities, 256
    • ECACIA relations, 31
    • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 72, 144
    • Electronic intelligence, 230, 259
    • Europe (Eastern), 144
    • Foreign Service, 159
    • Guerrilla warfare, 75
    • Interdepartmental Economic Intelligence Committee, 107
    • International Information Activities Committee, 151, 153, 173, 189
    • Japan, 101
    • JCSCIA relations, 77, 176, 220, 255
    • Joyce’s assessments, 145
    • Korean War, 12
    • Kyes’s assessments, 165
    • Maritime sources for intelligence purposes, exploitation of, 113
    • Middle East, 105
    • National Intelligence Estimates, 37
    • Net intelligence estimates of the capabilities/intentions of other nations, 177, 189
    • NSCCIA relations, 8, 107, 110, 256
    • NSC Intelligence Directives:
    • NSC Papers:
    • Office of National Estimates, 27, 107
    • Office of Policy Coordination:
      • Acheson-Barrett communications, 49
      • Budget estimates/studies, 8
      • CIAOPC relations, 96, 130, 145
      • Covert operations, 108
      • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 92
      • Europe (Eastern), 71
      • Expansion of, 145
      • Guerrilla warfare, 42
      • Intelligence Advisory Committee, policies and procedures of the, 29
      • Joint Subsidiary Plans Division, 93
      • Korean War, 12
      • NSC Paper 10/2, 111
      • NSC Paper 10/5, 108
      • NSC Paper 68, 8
      • Office of Special Operations, merging with, 50, 130
      • Personnel problems, 71
      • Poland, U.S. spies captured in, 142
      • Policy guidance, 7, 26
      • Political background, 145
      • Private organizations/businesses, using, 15
      • PSBOPC relations, 96
      • Radio Free Asia, 94
      • Scope of operations, increased, 70
      • State Department-CIA relations, 24
      • State Department-OPC relations, 129
      • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 71
      • United States, policy governing conduct within the, 33
      • War plans, OPC/CIA strategic, 61, 111
    • Office of Reports and Estimates, 46
    • Office of Research and Reports, 107
    • Office of Special Operations:
      • Armstrong’s assessments, 24
      • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 221
      • Doolittle Report, 192
      • History of the organization, 87
      • Joint Subsidiary Plans Division, 93
      • Office of Policy Coordination, merging with, 50, 130
      • Reorganization, 152
    • Office of Special Projects, 4
    • Operational planning, interrelationship between intelligence and, 107
    • Pearl Harbor, surprise attack on, 221
    • Planning, long-range, 205
    • Planning Coordination Group-CIA relations, 212, 237, 246
    • Polygraph program, 205
    • Priority National Intelligence Objectives, 25, 238
    • Problems facing, 23, 29
    • Publication procurement, foreign, 258
    • Radio Free Europe, 94
    • Satellites, developing/using, 122
    • Scientific/technical intelligence, 107, 112, 120, 126, 155
    • Security, NSC’s status reports on national:
      • June 30, 1952, 127
      • December 31, 1953, 170
      • June 30, 1955, 234
    • Security clearances, operational, 205
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 80, 107, 121, 131
    • Soviet Union:
      • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 102
      • Capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 80, 131, 173, 207
      • Director of Central Intelligence Directive 15/1, 169
      • REDCAP program, 87
      • REDSKIN program, 87
      • REDSOX program, 87
      • Satellites, developing/using, 122
      • Soviet Program (Soviet materials), 217
    • State Department-CIA relations:
      • Armstrong’s assessments, 24
      • Daily Summary, 48
      • Jackson (William H.)-Armstrong communications, 46
      • Joyce’s assessments, 129
      • Memorandum of agreement, 34, 51
    • State Department-Defense Department Staff Study on intelligence, 20
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 106
    • Technological Capabilities Panel, 223
    • Training issues, 205
    • Voice of America, 94, 107
    • Warning facilities of the intelligence community, information/recommendations concerning, 186
      • War plans, OPC/CIA strategic, 61, 111
      • Watch Committee, IAC, 91, 107, 189
  • Chadwell, H. Marshall, 172, 175, 225
  • Chennault, Claire, 15
  • China, Communist (see also China, conflict with under Taiwan), 234
    • Civil Air Transport’s application for commercial rights in Okinawa, 101
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 234
    • Covert operations to wartime needs, conversion of peacetime, 61
    • Director of Central Intelligence Directives:
    • Foreign Information Program, 146, 155
    • Intelligence objectives, Smith’s (Walter B.) priority list of critical national, 117
    • NSC Papers:
      • NSC 5412/1, 212
      • NSC 5509, 209
    • Operations Coordinating Board, 158
    • Psychological warfare planning, 26, 59, 92, 125, 153
    • Security Council, admission to the, 26
    • Troy Report, 59
  • Christiansen, Gen. J.G., 220
  • CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency.
  • CIA Under Harry Truman, The (Warner), 29, 42, 90, 251, 255
  • Civil Air Transport (CAT), 101
  • Civil War, U.S., 59
  • Clark, Mark W., 184, 185, 220
  • Clark, Ralph, 115
  • Clark Task Force of the Hoover Commission. See Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government.
  • Clausewitz, Carl von, 59
  • Coast Guard, U.S., 79
  • Colby, Walter F., 29, 35
  • Cold War:
    • Air Resupply and Communications Wing program, 147
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 251
    • Joyce’s assessments, 142
    • NSC Paper 162/2, 163
    • Psychological warfare planning, 127, 129, 133, 139
    • Real war, Cold War operations vs. preparation for, 70
    • Smith’s (Walter B.) recommendations to consolidate/strengthen the PSB, 129
    • Support bases, overseas CIA logistical, 140
  • Collection and Liaison Division of the Office of Research and Intelligence, 226
  • Collins, J. Lawton, 21
  • Commerce Department, U.S., 79, 144, 220
  • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government:
    • Air Force, U.S., 220, 221, 234, 251
    • Army, U.S., 220, 221, 251
    • Atomic energy, 251
    • Central Intelligence Agency, 186, 220, 221, 234, 236, 239, 251
    • China, Communist, 200, 221, 234
    • Communications intelligence, 220, 251
    • Cost of the intelligence effort, 220
    • Covert operations, 251
    • Defense Department, U.S., 220, 239, 251
    • Dulles (Allen W.)-Armstrong communications, 236, 241
    • Eisenhower-Doolittle communications, 185
    • Europe (Eastern), 220, 251
    • Evolution of foreign intelligence, 221, 251
    • Federal Bureau of Investigation, 220, 221, 251
    • Functional intelligence, 251
    • Hoover Commission, First (1948), 220
    • Intelligence, defining, 220, 221
    • Introduction, 221
    • Joint Chiefs of Staff, 221, 251
    • Library facilities, 221, 251
    • Map procurement, 221, 251
    • National Security Council, 200, 221, 234
    • Navy, U.S., 220, 221, 251
    • NSC Paper 5525, 234
    • Office of Special Operations, 221
    • Office of the Coordinator of Information, 221
    • Organization of the task force, 220, 221
    • Origins of, 184
    • Personnel, 251
    • Positive foreign intelligence, 220
    • Scientific/technical intelligence, 251
    • Scope of the task force, 221
    • Security clearances, operational, 251
    • Sensitive data and a need-to-know basis, 220
    • Soviet Union, 220, 221, 234, 251
    • State Department, U.S., 221, 251
    • Summary/conclusions, 221, 251
  • Committee for a Free Asia, 15, 94
  • Communications intelligence (COMINT) (see also Electronic intelligence):
    • Brownell Committee Report, 99, 121
    • Central Intelligence Agency, 107
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 251
    • Doolittle Report, 192
    • Expansion of, 19
    • Lay-Hoover (J. Edgar) communications, 141
    • NSCID 9, 136, 257
    • Smith’s (Walter B.) assessments, 97
    • Truman’s assessments, 132
  • Communications Intelligence Board, U.S. (USCIB), 19, 121, 132, 141, 220, 257, 259
  • Communism outside the Soviet orbit, 146, 155, 214
  • Compton, Wilson S., 96
  • Congress for Cultural Freedom, 15
  • Connolly, Adm. Richard E., 220, 247
  • Connors, W. Bradley, 57
  • Conway, Rose A., 63
  • Cooper, Chester, 115
  • Covert operations (see also Psychological warfare planning; under Central Intelligence Agency and National Security Council; individual subject headings), 251
  • Coyne, J. Patrick, 79, 205, 214, 251
  • Crespi, Leo, 226
  • Crusade for Freedom, 94, 100
  • Cryptographic systems, 121, 251
  • Current Intelligence Bulletin, 53, 55
  • Cutler, Robert, 160, 161, 173, 174, 187, 205, 210, 211, 213
  • Czechoslovakia, 92, 100, 153, 190
  • Daniel, Adm. H.C., 172, 175
  • Davison, Phillips, 67
  • Dees, Joe, 226
  • Defectors, using/exploiting:
    • Intelligence Advisory Committee, 202, 252, 253
    • Interagency Defector Committee, 18
    • NSC Intelligence Directives:
    • NSC Papers:
    • Psychological warfare planning, 92
    • REDCAP program, 87
    • State Department-CIA relations, 24
    • Troy Report, 59
  • Defense Department, U.S. (see also Defense and Office of Special Operations under Central Intelligence Agency):
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 199
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 239, 251
    • Communications intelligence, 132, 257
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210, 213
    • Covert operations:
      • JCS’s assessments, 83
      • NSC 10/2, 171
      • NSC 10/5, 171
      • NSC 5412, 171
      • NSC 5412/1, 212
      • NSC 5412/2, 250
    • Electronic intelligence, 230
    • European migrants, 127
    • NSC Intelligence Directive 9, 257
    • Psychological warfare planning, 28, 124, 125, 129, 135
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 173
    • State Department-Defense Department study on intelligence, 20, 22
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 106
    • Technological Capabilities Panel, 223
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 107
  • DeFlorez, Adm. Luis, 122
  • DeLoach, C.D., 35
  • Devine, John E., 94, 100
  • Dill, Bruce, 244
  • Director of Central Intelligence Directives (DCID). See under Central Intelligence Agency.
  • Disclosure of classified military information, 256
  • Dodge, Joseph M., 174, 210
  • Doolittle, Gen. James H., 184, 185, 192, 193, 205, 247
  • Doolittle Report, 184, 185, 188, 192, 193, 205
  • Drain, Richard D., 115, 172, 175
  • DuBridge, L.A., 122
  • Duff, Gen. Robinson E., 136
  • Dulles, Allen W., 100, 160, 166, 196, 215, 216, 243
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 164, 197, 198
    • Air Resupply and Communications Wing program, 147
    • Aliens into U.S. for intelligence/operational purposes, 206
    • Appointment as director of Central Intelligence Agency, 145
    • Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities, 247
    • Bull, communications with, 177
    • Bureau of the Budget’s study for coordinating economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210
    • CIA changes made at request of NSC, 110
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 236, 241
    • Comprehensive National Intelligence Objectives, 200
    • Covert operations, 43, 205
    • Crusade for Freedom, 94
    • Defense Department-CIA relations, 165
    • Director of Central Intelligence Directive 4/5, 238
    • Economic intelligence requirements relating to national security, 191
    • Eisenhower-Doolittle meetings, 193
    • Europe (Eastern), 167, 174
    • Foreign persons/materials into the U.S., 214
    • JCSCIA relations, 176
    • Missiles, guided, 225, 245
    • Net intelligence estimates of the capabilities/intentions of other nations, 150
    • NSC Intelligence Directive 5, 168
    • NSC Papers:
    • Office of Policy Coordination and Office of Special Operations, merging the, 50
    • Priority National Intelligence Objectives, 201, 238
    • Project Grayback, 241
    • Psychochemicals, 244
    • Psychological warfare planning, 67, 78
    • Radio Free Europe, 94
    • Soviet Union, 149, 161, 172
    • State Department intelligence, assessments of, 228
    • Superpower competition, 195
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 106
    • Technological Capabilities Panel, 223
    • Voice of America, 94
    • Warning facilities of the intelligence community, information/recommendations concerning, 187
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 175
  • Dulles, John F.:
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 199, 240, 242, 249
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 227
    • Covert operations, 212
    • Project Grayback, 240, 242, 249
    • Rockefeller and, relations between, 232
  • East, Near/Far (see also Asia, Southeast; Middle East), 68, 92
  • Easton, John, 172
  • ECA. See Economic Cooperation Administration.
  • Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA), 28, 31
  • Economic Defense Advisory Committee, 116
  • Economic Intelligence Committee:
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Director of Central Intelligence Directive 15/1, 169, 191
    • Foreign Information Program, 155
    • NSC 5509, 209
    • Smith’s (Walter B.) assessments, 107
    • Terms of reference for, 72
  • Economic intelligence relating to national security:
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210, 213, 248, 254
    • Director of Central Intelligence Directive 15/1, 169, 191
    • Europe (Eastern), 144
    • Foreign Information Program, 146, 155
    • Jackson’s (William H.) assessments, 73
    • NSC Action 1183, 187
    • NSC Intelligence Directive 15, 254
    • NSC Papers:
    • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee, 92
    • Soviet Union, 144, 169, 191
  • Ecuador, 153
  • Eden, Anthony, 229, 242
  • Edwards, Gen. Idwal H., 149, 173, 189
  • Edwards Report, 149
  • Efteland, Robert G., 82
  • Eisenhower, Dwight D.:
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 197, 198, 199, 229, 240, 242, 249
    • Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities, 247
    • Cold War, 163
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 184, 185, 220, 221, 239, 251
    • Communist movement in the U.S., 214
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210, 213, 248
    • Covert operations, 171
    • Doolittle, meetings with, 193
    • Doolittle Report, 184, 185, 193, 205
    • Dulles (John F.)-Rockefeller relations, 232
    • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 187
    • Europe (Eastern), 174
    • Executive Orders:
    • Foreign persons/materials into the U.S., 214
    • International Information Activities Committee, 151, 153, 173, 189
    • Net Evaluation Subcommittee, 207
    • NSC Papers:
    • Operations Coordinating Board, 157, 158, 183, 208, 210
    • Planning Coordination Group, 246
    • Project Grayback, 242, 249
    • Psychological warfare planning, 2, 187
    • Quantico Panel I/II, 224
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 207
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 211
    • Technological Capabilities Panel, 223
    • Warning facilities of the intelligence community, information/recommendations concerning, 187
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 218
  • Electronic intelligence (ELINT):
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 251
    • Communications Intelligence Board, U.S., 259
    • Defense Department’s assessments, 230
    • NSCID 17, 259
    • NSC 5509, 209
    • Search operations, special electronic airborne, 6
  • Erskine, Gen. Graves, 152, 164, 165, 215
  • Espe, Adm. Carl F., 197, 225, 245
  • Europe (Eastern):
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 251
    • Covert operations, 68
    • Defectors, using/exploiting, 252, 253
    • Director of Central Intelligence Directives:
    • Doolittle Report, 192
    • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 144, 191
    • Explosives/demolition materials, OCB and the stockpiling of, 167
    • Foreign Information Program, 146, 155
    • Foreign persons/materials into the U.S., 214
    • Free Europe Committee, 188
    • Joyce’s assessments, 142
    • National Committee for Free Europe, 15, 26, 94, 100
    • NSC Intelligence Directives:
    • NSC Papers:
    • Office of Research and Intelligence, 226
    • Provisional Committee for the Movement of Migrants from Europe, 127
    • Psychological warfare planning, 127, 142, 143, 153
    • Quantico Panel I/II, 224
    • Radio Free Europe, 15, 68, 94, 100, 125, 188
    • Satellites, developing/using, 203
    • Search operations, special electronic airborne, 6
    • Security, NSC’s status report on national, 127
    • Smith’s (Walter B.) assessments, 71
    • State Department personnel/funding, Dulles’s (Allen W.) request for increase in, 228
    • Surveillance of Soviet Bloc diplomatic representatives, 174
    • Troy Report, 59
    • Uprisings in, policy guidelines for CIA Planning to capitalize on, 167
    • Volunteer Freedom Corps, 148
    • Warning facilities of the intelligence community, information/recommendations concerning, 186
    • War plans, CIA/OPC strategic, 61
  • Europe (Western):
    • Covert operations, 68
    • Foreign Information Program, 146, 155
    • National Committee for Free Europe, 15, 26, 94, 100
    • Psychological warfare planning, 125, 133, 153
    • Security, NSC’s status report on national, 127
    • Troy Report, 59
    • War plans, CIA/OPC strategic, 61
  • European Defense Community (EDC), 178
  • Evans, Allan, 35, 175
  • Executive Orders:
  • Export of strategic materials, authority to control the, 79
  • External Research Division of the Office of Research and Intelligence, 226
  • Facilities Protection Board, 79
  • Fairless, Benjamin, 247
  • False Witness (Matusow), 214
  • FBI. See Federal Bureau of Investigation.
  • Fechteler, Adm. William M., 106
  • Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) (see also Hoover, J. Edgar):
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 251
    • Defectors, using/exploiting, 253
    • Europe (Eastern), 174
    • NSCFBI relations, 256
    • NSC Intelligence Directives:
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 91, 218
  • Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA), 131, 172, 173, 207
  • Federal Communication Commission (FCC), 79
  • Fenili, Vasco J., 172, 175, 225
  • Ferguson, John H., 96, 106
  • Finan, William F., 78
  • Fitzpatrick, Dick, 226
  • Fleming, Arthur S., 173
  • Flickinger, Don D., 244
  • Ford, Harold, 115
  • Foreign Broadcast Information Division (FBID), 202
  • Foreign Information Program (see also Psychological warfare planning):
    • Aerial reconnaissance, 146, 155
    • Africa, 155
    • Armed forces intelligence, 146
    • Asia, Southeast, 155
    • Biographic information, 146, 155
    • China, Communist, 146, 155
    • Collection, 146, 155
    • Communism, world, 155
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 146, 155, 210, 213
    • Domestic collection, 146, 155
    • Economic intelligence, 146, 155
    • Europe (Eastern), 146, 155
    • Europe (Western), 146, 155
    • Foreign language publications, 155
    • Foreign Service, 155
    • Geographic intelligence, 146, 155
    • Industrialization information, 155
    • Japan, 155
    • Joint Chiefs of Staff, 146
    • Korean War, 155
    • Latin America, 155
    • Library facilities, 146, 155
    • Map procurement and reference service, 155
    • Materials/equipment, foreign, 146
    • National Intelligence Estimates, 146, 155
    • National Intelligence Surveys, 146, 155
    • National Security Council’s assessments, 2, 128
    • North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 146, 155
    • NSC Papers:
    • Operations Coordinating Board taking over functions of, 183
    • Order of battle intelligence and equipment, 155
    • Overseas commands, 146, 155
    • Photographs and motion picture films, 146, 155
    • Political/social/cultural intelligence, 146, 155
    • Radio, 146, 155
    • Scientific/technical intelligence, 146, 155
    • Service Attaché System, 146, 155
    • Soviet Union, 146, 155
    • Support and collation facilities, 146, 155
    • Targeting, 146, 155
    • Travel folder program, 155
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 155
  • Foreign Operations Administration, 210
  • Foreign persons/materials into the U.S., 206, 214
  • Foreign Service, 155, 159, 209
  • Formosa. See Taiwan.
  • Fosdick, Dorothy, 96
  • Foster, William C., 31, 137
  • France, 100, 125, 127, 153
  • Franke, William B., 185, 192, 205
  • Free Europe Committee (FEC), 188
  • Furnas, Howard, 225
  • Gaither, Gen. Ridgely, 245
  • Gardner, Trevor, 196, 249
  • General Services Administration (GSA), 79
  • General Walter Bedell Smith as Director of Central Intelligence (Montague), 23, 29, 63, 257
  • Geographic intelligence, 146, 155
  • Germany (East), 92, 127, 153, 190
  • Germany (West), 92, 127, 153, 190, 229, 234, 242
  • Gibbons, Willis A., 122
  • Gillis, Charles F., 115, 172
  • Gleason, S. Everett, 76, 131, 207, 234
  • Godel, William H., 160
  • Goodpaster, Andrew, 199, 241, 249
  • Gray, Gordon, 78, 82, 85
  • Great Britain, 84, 100, 124, 145, 153, 229, 242, 249
  • Greece, 127, 139, 153, 190
  • Greene, L. Wilson, 244
  • Greenstein, J.L., 122
  • Guatemala, 154, 209
  • Guthe, Otto, 217, 225
  • Guzman, Jacobo A., 154
  • Hadley, Morris, 185, 192, 247
  • Hanes, John W., Jr., 229
  • Harriman, W. Averell, 31, 144
  • Harvey, Mose L., 115
  • Healey, Lawrence, 175, 225
  • Helms, Richard, 50, 103, 167, 205
  • Henderson, Loy, 210, 236
  • Henderson, Malcolm C., 29, 115
  • Hillenkoetter, Adm. Roscoe, 10, 11
    • Communications intelligence, 19
    • Defector Committee, Interagency, 18
    • Intelligence objectives, priority list of critical national, 25
    • Office of Special Projects, 4
    • State Department-Defense Department Staff Study on intelligence, 20, 22
  • Hong Kong Press Monitoring Service, 202
  • Hooker, Robert J., 110
  • Hoover, E.M., 189
  • Hoover, Herbert, 184, 185, 220, 221
  • Hoover, Herbert, Jr.:
    • Bureau of the Budget’s study for coordinating economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210
    • Doolittle Report, 188
    • Foreign persons/materials into the U.S., 214
    • Planning Coordination Group, 237, 246
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 218
  • Hoover, J. Edgar, 115
    • Communications intelligence, 141, 257
    • Communist movement in the U.S., 214
    • Emergency situation, action plan for, 16
    • Interdepartmental Intelligence Committee, 65, 66
    • NSCID 9, 257
  • Hoover Commission. See Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government.
  • Hopkins, Armand, 82
  • Horsey, Outerbridge, 145
  • Houston, Lawrence, 23, 168
  • Howe, Fisher, 13, 29, 39, 118, 145, 184, 236, 249
  • Howze, Hamilton, 29
  • Hughes, John, 94
  • Hughes, Rowland R., 210, 235, 239
  • Hulick, Charles E., Jr., 26, 188
  • Hull, Gen. John E., 106, 247
  • Humelsine, Carlisle, H., 7, 13, 24, 30, 34, 45, 47
  • Hungary, 190
  • IAC. See Intelligence Advisory Committee.
  • Immigration and Naturalization Service, 79, 206
  • Indochina, 92
  • Industrial information/security, 79, 155
  • Industry Evaluation Board, 79
  • Intelligence Advisory Committee (IAC) (see also Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government):
    • CIA, problems facing the, 23
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Communications intelligence, 19
    • Defectors, using/exploiting, 202, 218, 252, 253
    • Director of Central Intelligence Directive 4/5, 238
    • Duties and responsibilities, 256
    • Economic Intelligence Committee, 72, 155, 169, 191, 202
    • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 144
    • Europe (Eastern), 144
    • Foreign Service, 159
    • Interagency Defector Committee, 18
    • Interdepartmental Committee on Internal Security, 79
    • Meetings:
      • October 20, 1950, 29
      • December 7, 1950, 35
      • June 5, 1952, 115
      • March 16, 1954, 172
      • May 4, 1954, 175
      • December 20, 1954, 202
      • June 14, 1955, 225
    • Missiles, guided, 225, 245
    • National Indications Committee/Center, 186, 211, 234
    • National Intelligence Estimates, 29, 155
    • National Security Act of 1947, 29
    • NSC Intelligence Directives:
    • NSC Paper 5525, 234
    • Policies and procedures, 29
    • Political/social/cultural intelligence, 155
    • Priority National Intelligence Objectives, 209
    • Scientific/technical intelligence, 126
    • Security, NSC’s status report on national, 234
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 80
    • SNIE 11–8–54, 209
    • Soviet Union (see also Watch Committee, IAC under Soviet Union), 80, 115, 131, 172
    • State Department-CIA relations, 24
    • Warning facilities of the intelligence community, information/recommendations concerning, 186, 187, 209
  • Intelligence Communications and Electronics Subcommittee (ICES), 251
  • Intelligence Estimates. See National Intelligence Estimates; Special National Intelligence Estimates.
  • Intelligence Working Group (IWG), 144
  • Interagency Defector Committee, 18
  • Interdepartmental Committee on Internal Security (ICIS):
    • NSC Meeting, May 5, 1955, 214
    • NSC Paper 5511, 207
    • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee, 74
    • Psychological Strategy Board, 74
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 79, 80, 86
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 80, 131, 137, 138, 173, 207
  • Interdepartmental Coordinating Staff (ICS), 213
  • Interdepartmental Economic Intelligence Committee, 107
  • Interdepartmental Foreign Information Organization (IFIO), 57, 92, 213
  • Interdepartmental Foreign Information Staff (IFIS), 28, 213
  • Interdepartmental Intelligence Committee (IIC):
    • Hoover’s (J. Edgar) assessments, 65, 66
    • NSC Action 543, 86
    • NSC Meeting, May 5, 1955, 214
    • Smith’s (Walter B.) assessments, 65, 66
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 131, 137, 138, 173, 207
  • International Broadcasting Division (IBD), 94
  • International Information Activities Committee, 151, 153, 173, 189
  • International Information Administration (IIA), 226
  • International Information and Educational Exchange, 69
  • Iran, 143, 153, 209
  • Italy, 125, 127, 139, 153
  • Jackson, C.D., 158, 160, 161, 248
  • Jackson, William H., 35, 85, 88, 99, 142
    • Bureau of the Budget’s study for coordinating economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210
    • CIA changes made at request of NSC, 110
    • Covert operations, 68
    • Crusade for Freedom, 100
    • Defense Department-CIA relations, 34
    • ECACIA relations, 31
    • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 73
    • Guerrilla warfare, 42
    • Intelligence Advisory Committee, policies and procedures of the, 29
    • National Intelligence Estimates, 29
    • Office of Special Operations, 87
    • State Department-CIA relations, 46
    • Voice of America, 44
  • Japan, 249
    • Civil Air Transport’s application for commercial rights in Okinawa, 101
    • Emergency assistance, 153
    • Foreign Information Program, 155
    • Kaji case, 145
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • NSC Paper 135, 127
      • Progress report (PSB) as of August 1, 1952, 125
      • Progress report (PSB) as of January 5, 1953, 143
      • Progress report (PSB) as of July 29, 1953, 153
      • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee, 124
  • JCS. See Joint Chiefs of Staff.
  • Jessup, Phillip, 30
  • Johnson, Alexis, 101
  • Johnson, Charles E., 24, 82, 153
  • Johnson, Clarence K., 196
  • Johnson, Adm. Felix L., 29, 35, 113, 115
  • Johnson, Louis, 1, 6, 213
  • Johnston, Kilbourne, 93
  • Johnston, S. Paul, 185
  • Joint Atomic Energy Intelligence Committee (JAEIC), 126, 149, 225, 251
  • Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) (see also Bradley, Gen. Omar N.):
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 202, 240
    • Air Resupply and Communications Wing program, 147
    • Armed Forces Security Agency, 21, 40
    • Central Intelligence Agency:
      • Defense Department-CIA relations, 64
      • JCSCIA relations, 77, 176, 220, 256
      • Problems facing the, 23
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 251
    • Communications intelligence, 99, 132
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 213
    • Covert operations:
      • Joint Subsidiary Plans Division, 93
      • Joyce’s assessments, 43
      • NSC Intelligence Directive 5, 255
      • NSC 10/3, 43
      • NSC 5412, 171
      • NSC 5412/2, 250
      • Scope and pace of, 83, 85, 111
      • Support bases, overseas CIA logistical, 140
      • Wartime needs, conversion of peacetime to, 61
    • Foreign Information Program, 146
    • Guerrilla warfare, 75
    • Joint Intelligence Committee-JCS relations, 95
    • Middle East, 105
    • Net intelligence estimates of the capabilities/intentions of other nations, 189
    • NSC Intelligence Directives:
    • NSCJCS relations, 255
    • NSC 10/2, 111
    • Office of Policy Coordination’s war plan, approval of, 111
    • Office of Special Projects, 4
    • Project Grayback, 240
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee, 124
      • Psychological Strategy Board, 28, 78, 129, 135
      • Smith’s (Walter B.) recommendations to consolidate/strengthen the PSB, 129, 135
    • Search operations, special electronic airborne, 6
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 80, 131, 138
    • Soviet Union:
      • Capability to injure the U.S., 80, 131, 137, 138, 149, 173, 189, 207
      • CIA’s assessments, 173
      • Kennan’s assessments, 118
      • Weakening the power/will to wage cold/hot war, 83
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 106
    • Warning facilities of the intelligence community, information/recommendations concerning, 186, 189
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 91, 186
  • Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC), 95, 115, 172
  • Joint Intelligence Indications Committee (JIIC), 91
  • Joint Press Reading Service (JPRS), 202
  • Joint Subsidiary Plans Division (JSPD), 93
  • Joint Technical Intelligence Subcommittee (JTIS), 202, 217
  • Joyce, Robert P., 7, 38, 52, 70, 75, 85, 100, 104, 108
    • Central Intelligence Agency:
      • Changes made at request of NSC, 110
      • Matthews, communications with, 145
      • OPCCIA relations, 130
    • Cold War, 142
    • Covert operations:
      • Europe (Eastern), 142
      • NSC 10/3, 43
      • Scope and pace of, 43, 111, 145
    • Poland, U.S. spies captured in, 142
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Assessments of, 142
      • Europe (Eastern), 142
      • Psychological Strategy Board, 129, 135
      • Smith’s (Walter B.) recommendations to consolidate/strengthen the PSB, 129, 135
    • Radio Free Europe, 94
    • Voice of America, 94
  • Justice Department, U.S., 210
  • Kahn, Albert, 214
  • Kaji, Waturu, 145
  • Kearns, Henry, 220
  • Keay, Victor P., 35, 172
  • Kennan, George F., 4, 15, 118, 129
  • Kennedy, John R., 41
  • Kennedy, Joseph W., 194, 198
  • Kent, Sherman, 115, 120, 172, 225
  • Khokhlov, Nikolai, 209
  • Killian, James, 198, 247, 249
  • Kirk, Alan G., 129, 133
  • Kirkpatrick, Lyman, 35, 50, 87, 88, 95, 205
  • Koch, Henry, 96
  • Kohler, Foy D., 94, 100
  • Kolb, Roland L., 172
  • Korean War:
    • Air America, 15
    • Armistice negotiations, 127
    • CIA devoting massive efforts to, 12
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 213
    • Covert operations to wartime needs, conversion of peacetime, 61
    • Foreign Information Program, 155
    • NSC Intelligence Directive 5, 168
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Interdepartmental Foreign Information Organization, 57
      • Office of Policy Coordination, 26
      • Prisoners, forcible repatriation of, 143
      • Progress report (PSB) as of August 1, 1952, 125
      • Progress report (PSB) as of October 30, 1952, 133
      • Progress report (PSB) as of January 5, 1953, 143
      • Progress report (PSB) as of July 29, 1953, 153
      • Progress report (State Department) as of October 17, 1950, 28
      • Progress report (State Department) as of November 8, 1951, 92
      • Progress report (State Department) as of July 31, 1952, 124
      • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee, 124
      • Psychological Strategy Board, 127
      • Security, NSC’s status report on national, 127
  • Krentz, Kenneth C., 129, 130
  • Kretzman, Roger, 94
  • Kuhrtz, Meffert, 29, 175, 225
  • Kuwait, 105
  • Kyes, Roger M., 152, 164, 165, 166
  • Labor Department, U.S., 79
  • Ladue, L.K., 40
  • Lage, W.J., 225
  • Lalor, Capt. W.G., 6, 40
  • Land, Edwin H., 194, 198, 249
  • Lane, Herman O., 220
  • Langer, William L., 35
  • Lansing, Samuel M., 115, 172, 175
  • Latin America:
    • Covert operations, 68
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • NSC 10/2, 127
      • Progress report (PSB) as of August 1, 1952, 125
      • Progress report (PSB) as of January 5, 1953, 143
      • Progress report (PSB) as of July 29, 1953, 153
      • Security, NSC’s status report on national, 127
  • Lauritsen, C.C., 122
  • Lawton, Fred, 47, 119
  • Lay, James S., Jr., 2, 16, 19
    • Buying, organized/coordinated program of covert preclusive, 116
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 251
    • Communications intelligence, 97, 141, 257
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 213, 248
    • Covert operations:
      • Buying, preclusive, 116
      • NSC Action No. 400, 38
      • NSCID 5, 255
      • NSC 10/2, 38
      • NSC 10/3, 43
      • NSC 5412, 171
      • Scope and pace of, 68, 85, 89, 90
    • Defense Department-CIA relations, 204
    • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 73
    • Guerrilla warfare, 42
    • Middle East, 105
    • NSC Intelligence Directives:
    • NSC Papers:
    • Operations Coordinating Board, 158
    • Planning Coordination Group, 246
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Key Data Book, 134
      • Progress report (PSB) as of October 30, 1952, 133
      • Progress report (PSB) as of July 29, 1953, 153
      • Progress report (State Department) as of October 17, 1950, 28
      • Progress report (State Department) as of March 19, 1951, 57
      • Progress report (State Department) as of November 8, 1951, 92
      • Smith’s (Walter B.) recommendations to consolidate/strengthen the PSB, 135
    • Security, NSC’s status report on national, 127
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 131
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 131, 138
    • Warning facilities of the intelligence community, information/recommendations concerning, 186, 187
  • Layton, Adm. Edwin T., 175, 176, 197, 225, 245
  • Leary, John E., 225
  • Legislation (see also National Security Act of 1947):
    • Central Intelligence Act of 1949, 220, 221, 251
    • Executive Pay Bill of 1949, 221, 251
    • Immigration and Nationality Act, 206
  • Library facilities, 69, 146, 155, 221, 226, 251
  • Lloyd, Gates, 50, 94, 100
  • Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, 194, 196
  • Loomis, Henry, 226
  • Lovett, Robert:
    • Communications intelligence, 136
    • Covert operations, 4
    • NSC Papers:
      • NSC 10/3, 63
      • NSC 10/4, 63
    • Office of Policy Coordination, 129
    • Psychological warfare planning, 47, 78, 82
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 98
  • LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), 244
  • Lydman, J.W., 172
  • Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 244
  • MacArthur, Gen. Douglas, 28
  • MacArthur, Douglas, II, 241
  • Magruder, Gen. John, 1, 22, 26, 38, 43, 82, 85, 99, 104, 108
    • Covert operations, 70
    • Guerrilla warfare, 75
    • Poland, U.S. spies captured in, 142
    • Psychological warfare planning, 78, 129, 142
  • Mails used as an access point to Soviet Union, 59
  • Makins, Roger, 242
  • Malpass, Ray E., 172, 175
  • Manchuria, 155
  • Manfull, Melvin L., 48
  • Maples, H.N., 115, 175
  • Maps, procurement of foreign-published, 155, 202, 209, 221, 251
  • Marchant, J.C., 35
  • Maritime sources for intelligence purposes, exploitation of, 113
  • Marrazzi, Amendeo, 244
  • Marshall, Gen. George C., 4
    • CIA-Defense Department relations, 36, 64
    • CIAJCS relations, 77
    • Covert operations, 83, 129
    • Intelligence, analysis of U.S., 32
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 80
  • Martin, James G., 172
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 57, 92
  • Matthews, H. Freeman, 30, 52, 104, 118, 142, 145
  • Matusow, Harvey, 214
  • McCool, Capt. R.G., 29, 35
  • McFadden, William, 111, 130, 145
  • McKee, Samuel, Jr., 35
  • Media research/analysis and Office of Research and Intelligence, 226
  • Megee, Gen. Vernon E., 29
  • Metcalf, Ralph, 225
  • Middle East, 61
    • CIA’s assessments, 127
    • NSC Paper 135, 127
    • Oil issues, 61, 105
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Progress report (PSB) as of August 1, 1952, 125
      • Progress report (PSB) as of October 30, 1952, 133
      • Progress report (PSB) as of January 5, 1953, 143
      • Progress report (State Department) as of November 8, 1951, 92
    • Security, NSC’s status report on national, 127
  • Military attaché system, 202, 209, 214, 221
  • Missiles, guided, 209, 225, 245
  • Montague, Ludwell, 23, 27, 29, 35, 115, 175
  • Montgomery, J.H., 225
  • Moore, Gen. Ernest B., 29, 35
  • Morgan, George A., 160, 161, 183
  • Morrow, John J., 172, 175
  • Motion picture films, 69, 155
  • Muccio, John J., 28
  • Murphy, Robert, 241
  • Mutual Security Agency, 125
  • Mutual Trade Security Advisory Committee, 116
  • Nash, Frank C., 68, 70, 85, 106
  • National Committee for a Free Europe (NCFE), 15, 26, 94, 100
  • National Cryptographic Security Board, 121
  • National Indications Committee/Center (NIC), 186, 211, 234
  • National Intelligence Authority (NIA), 221
  • National Intelligence Estimates (NIE):
    • Barnard’s assessments, 37
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 251
    • Foreign Information Program, 155
    • Intelligence Advisory Committee, 29
    • NIE:
    • NSC 5509, 209
    • Operational assumptions and facts, distinguishing between, 189
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 209
    • Technological Capabilities Panel, 223
  • National Intelligence Surveys (NIS), 41, 146, 155
  • National Psychological Strategy, 26, 96
  • National Security Act of 1947:
    • Collective responsibility, doctrine of, 20
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221
    • Communications intelligence, 97, 257
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 254
    • Covert operations, 38, 43, 171
    • Defectors, using/exploiting, 252, 253
    • Duties and responsibilities of National Security Council, 256
    • Electronic intelligence, 259
    • Espionage and counterespionage operations, 255
    • Intelligence Advisory Committee, 29, 155
    • JCSCIA relations, 77
    • National Security Organization, 220
    • NSCID 15, 254
    • NSC Papers:
      • NSC 5412/1, 212
      • NSC 5412/2, 250
    • Publication procurement, foreign, 258
  • National Security Agency (NSA):
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 251
    • Communications intelligence, 132, 136, 141, 257
    • NSCID 9, 257
  • National Security Council (NSC) (see also Intelligence Advisory Committee; Operations Coordinating Board):
    • Actions:
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance, 209
    • Agricultural reporting, 209
    • Air Force (U.S.)-NSC relations, 256
    • Air target materials in the Air Objective Folder Program, 209
    • Army (U.S.)-NSC relations, 256
    • Atomic energy/war/weapons, 209
    • Biological warfare, 209
    • Buying, organized/coordinated program of covert preclusive, 116
    • Central Intelligence Agency:
      • Budget issues, 30
      • CIA changes made at request of NSC, 107, 110
      • NSCCIA relations, 8, 107, 110, 255
    • Classified government information, clearance for access to, 79
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 234
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 234, 251
    • Communications intelligence, 19, 132, 136, 257
    • Communist movement in the U.S., 214
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210, 213, 254
    • Covert operations (see also Psychological warfare planning below):
      • Doolittle Report, 192
      • NSCID 5, 255
      • NSC 10/2, 38, 162, 171
      • NSC 10/3, 24, 43, 171
      • NSC 10/5, 162, 171
      • NSC 5412, 171
      • NSC 5412/1, 212
      • NSC 5412/2, 171, 250
      • Office of Policy Coordination, 8
      • Office of Special Projects, 4
      • Planning Coordination Group, 212
      • Scope and pace of, 68, 70, 71, 75, 76, 83, 85, 89, 90, 108
      • Soviet Union and its satellites, 5
    • Defectors, using/exploiting, 209, 252, 253
    • Domestic collection, 209
    • Duties and responsibilities, 256
    • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 73, 144, 187, 209
    • Edwards Report, 149
    • Electronic intelligence, 259
    • Europe (Eastern), 144, 174
    • FBINSC relations, 256
    • Foreign Information Program, 2, 128
    • Foreign persons/materials into the U.S., 214
    • Foreign Service, 209
    • Guerrilla warfare, 42
    • Intelligence Directives:
    • Interdepartmental Committee on Internal Security, 79
    • JCSNSC relations, 256
    • Maps, procurement of foreign-published, 209
    • Materials/equipment, collecting foreign, 209
    • Meetings:
      • June 18, 1948, 4
      • June 13, 1951, 254
      • May 20, 1953, 148
      • May 27, 1953, 149
      • March 4, 1954, 170
      • March 11, 1954, 170
      • March 25, 1954, 170
      • July 22, 1954, 210
      • August 5, 1954, 187, 210
      • January 27, 1955, 210
      • March 10, 1955, 210
      • May 5, 1955, 214
    • Middle East, 105
    • Military attaché system, 209
    • Missiles, guided, 209
    • National Security Act of 1947, 38, 43
    • Net Capabilities Evaluation Subcommittee, 182, 207
    • OCBNSC relations, 160
    • Office of Research and Intelligence, 226
    • Papers:
    • Political intelligence, 209
    • Priority National Intelligence Objectives, 209
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • CIA’s assessments, 127
      • Cold War, 139
      • National Psychological Warfare Plan for General War, 92
      • NSC 10/5, 139
      • NSC 135, 127
      • PSBNSC relations, 28, 78, 104
      • Smith’s (Walter B.) recommendations to consolidate/strengthen the PSB, 135
      • Summary of psychological warfare arrangements within U.S. government since World War II, 213
      • Truman’s approval of, 2
    • Publication procurement, foreign, 209, 258
    • Radio broadcasts, foreign, 209
    • Satellites, developing/using, 219
    • Scientific/technical intelligence, 209
    • Security, status reports on national:
      • June 30, 1952, 127
      • February 10, 1953, 146
      • December 31, 1953, 170
      • March 2, 1955, 209
      • May 5, 1955, 214
      • June 30, 1955, 234
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 86, 131, 138
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 131, 137, 138, 173, 207, 234
    • State Department-Defense Department Staff Study on intelligence, 20, 22
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 106
    • Technological Capabilities Panel, 223
    • Travel Folder Program, 209
    • Voice of America, 44
    • Volunteer Freedom Corps, 148
    • Warning facilities of the intelligence community, information/recommendations concerning, 187, 209, 234
  • National Security Organization, 220
  • National Security Resources Board (NSRB), 28, 213, 220
  • National Student Association, 15
  • Navy, U.S.:
    • Air target materials in the Air Objective Folder Program, 209
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 251
    • Communications intelligence, 99
    • Cryptographic systems, 251
    • Disclosure of classified military information, 255
    • Maritime sources for intelligence purposes, exploitation of, 113
    • NSCID 1, 256
    • NSC-Navy relations, 256
    • Psychological warfare planning, 124, 213
    • Search operations, special electronic airborne, 6
    • Target Area Analysis Radar, 209
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 91, 218
  • Netherlands, 153
  • Newpher, Roth, 226
  • NIE. See National Intelligence Estimates.
  • Nitze, Paul H.:
    • Covert operations, 68, 70
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Cold War, 139
      • National strategic concept for psychological action, formulating a, 96
      • NSC Paper 10/5, 139
      • Psychological Strategy Board, 62, 81
      • Troy Report, 59
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 106
  • Nixon, Richard M., 214
  • Nobel Project, 109
  • Nordbeck, Theodore M., 41
  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 109, 146, 155, 238
  • Norway, 229, 242
  • NSC. See National Security Council.
  • OCB. See Operations Coordinating Board.
  • Ocker, Capt. John, 29, 35
  • Office of Defense Mobilization (ODM), 173, 189, 194, 207, 213, 248, 251
  • Office of National Estimates, 107
  • Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI), 221
  • Office of Policy Coordination (OPC). See under Central Intelligence Agency.
  • Office of Research and Intelligence (IRI), 226
  • Office of Special Operations (OSO). See under Central Intelligence Agency.
  • Office of Special Projects, 4
  • Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 12, 87, 213, 221
  • Office of the Coordinator of Information, 221
  • Oil issues, 61, 105
  • Olom, Lou, 226
  • OPC. See Office of Policy Coordination under Central Intelligence Agency.
  • Operations Coordinating Board (OCB):
    • China, Communist, 158
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 251
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210, 213, 248
    • Doolittle Report, 192
    • Europe (Eastern), 167, 203
    • European Defense Community, 178
    • Executive Order 10483, 157, 158, 208
    • Executive Order 10598, 208
    • Explosives/demolition materials, 167
    • Foreign Information Program, 183
    • Gray activities, principles to assure coordination of, 181
    • Guatemala, 154
    • International Information Activities Committee, 151
    • Meetings:
      • September 17, 1953, 160
      • May 5, 1954, 178
    • NSCOCB relations, 160
    • NSC Papers:
    • Planning Coordination Group:
      • Abolition of, talks about the, 237
      • Bureau of the Budget’s study for coordinating economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210
      • Taking over responsibilities of, 246
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • PSB’s staff/resources to be used by, 160
      • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee, 158, 213
      • Summary of psychological warfare arrangements within U.S. government since World War II, 213
    • Rockefeller as chairman of, Eisenhower designates, 210
    • Rockefeller’s resignation, 235, 237
    • Satellites, developing/using, 203
  • OSO. See Office of Special Operations under Central Intelligence Agency.
  • Packard, Robert F., 229
  • Pakistan, 153
  • Parrott, Thomas A., 26
  • Partridge, Gen. Richard C., 115
  • Pawley, William D., 185, 192
  • Pearl Harbor, surprise attack on, 221
  • Penn, Perry H., 172
  • People’s Republic of China. See China, Communist.
  • Philbin, T.R., 96
  • Phillips, Joseph B., 26, 96
  • Phoebus, Clifford, 244
  • Photographs (see also Aerial/photo reconnaissance), 146, 155
  • Pinay, Antoine, 127
  • “Plan for National Psychological Warfare,” 17
  • Planning Coordination Group:
    • Abolition of Group, consideration of, 235, 237, 246
    • Bureau of the Budget’s study for coordinating economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210
    • CIA-Planning Coordination Group relations, 212, 237, 246
    • NSC Paper 5412/1, 212
    • OCB taking over responsibilities of, 246
    • Status Report as of December 14, 1955, 246
  • “Planning for Wartime Conduct of Overt Psychological Warfare,” 2
  • Plutonium production, 155
  • Poland, 142, 145, 190
  • Political warfare (see also Psychological warfare planning), 59
  • Polygraph program, 205
  • Population growth, 59
  • Porter, Gen. Edward H., 115, 136, 175, 176
  • Port security, 79
  • Power, John A., 172, 225
  • Press monitoring, 202
  • Press program and Campaign of Truth, 69
  • Prisoners, 92, 143, 202
  • Private organizations/businesses used by the CIA, 15
  • Proctor, Edward W., 225
  • Production Division of the Office of Research and Intelligence, 226
  • “Production of National Intelligence,” 20, 22
  • Project Brain Wave, 57
  • Project Genetrix, 229
  • Project Grayback, 240, 241, 242, 249
  • Project Nobel, 57, 109
  • Project Vagabond, 57
  • Provisional Committee for the Movement of Migrants from Europe (PICMME), 127
  • PSB. See Psychological Strategy Board under Psychological warfare planning.
  • Psychochemicals, 244
  • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee (POCC). See under Psychological warfare planning.
  • “Psychological Operations Newsletter,” 109
  • Psychological Strategy Board (PSB). See under Psychological warfare planning.
  • Psychological warfare planning (see also Foreign Information Program; under Korean War and Operations Coordinating Board):
    • Balloons used for propaganda, 26, 59, 92
    • Cabinet Committee, 47
    • Campaign of Truth, 69
    • China, Communist, 26, 59, 92, 125, 153
    • CIA’s assessments, 127
    • Cold War, 127, 129, 133, 139
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210, 213, 248
    • Covert operations, 83
    • Defectors, using/exploiting, 92
    • Europe (Eastern), 142
    • Kennan’s assessments, 4
    • Key Data Book, 134
    • NSC Papers:
    • Office of Policy Coordination, 26
    • Office of Special Operations, 152
    • Office space, 78
    • Operations Coordinating Board taking over functions of, 158, 183
    • Origins of, 2
    • Program planning, 69
    • Progress report (State Department) as of October 17, 1950, 28
    • Progress report (State Department) as of March 19, 1951, 57
    • Progress report (State Department) as of November 8, 1951, 92
    • Progress report (State Department) as of May 7, 1952, 109
    • Progress report (State Department) as of July 31, 1952, 124
    • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee:
      • Bacteriological warfare, 124
      • Defectors, 92
      • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 92
      • Interdepartmental Committee on Internal Security, 74
      • Japan, 124
      • North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 109
      • Operations Coordinating Board taking over functions of, 158, 213
      • Prisoners-of-war, 92
      • Project Nobel, 109
      • “Psychological Operations Newsletter,” 109
      • Security, State Department’s status report on national, 124
      • Soviet Union, 92, 109
      • Television in propaganda, 109
      • Training program, 109
      • Troop acceptability program, 109
      • United Nations, 109, 124
      • X–Day planning, 124, 127, 213
      • Yugoslavia, 124
    • Psychological Strategy Board:
      • Acheson-Souers meetings, 49
      • Africa, 125
      • Anti-American attitudes, 133
      • Asia, Southeast, 125, 127, 133
      • China, Communist, 125, 153
      • Cold War, 127, 133, 139
      • Conduct of board meetings, new procedures for expediting the, 57
      • Covert operations, scope and pace of, 85, 89
      • Draft directive on, 45, 47
      • Emergency assistance provided to other countries, 153
      • Europe (Eastern), 127, 143
      • Europe (Western), 133, 153
      • Executive Order 10483, 157, 158
      • Expanded charter, 71
      • France, 125, 127, 153
      • Functions of, 78, 82
      • Funding issues, 78, 82
      • Germany, 127
      • Great Britain, 153
      • Guerrilla warfare, 76
      • Interdepartmental Committee, 74
      • Italy, 125, 127, 153
      • Japan, 125, 127, 153
      • JCSPSB relations, 78
      • Joyce’s assessments, 142
      • Latin America, 125, 153
      • Meetings: July 2, 1951, 78
      • Meetings: August 13, 1951, 82
      • Meetings: December 5, 1951, 96
      • Middle East, 125, 133
      • National Psychological Strategy, 96
      • National Psychological Warfare Plan for General War, 92
      • National strategic concept for psychological action, formulating a, 96
      • New PSB, plans for a, 67
      • Nitze’s assessments, 62, 81
      • NSCID 135, 127
      • NSC 10/2, 127
      • NSC 10/5, 108, 127
      • NSC 74, 52
      • NSCPSB relations, 28, 78, 104
      • OPCPSB relations, 96
      • Operations Coordinating Board taking over functions of, 160
      • Origins of, 17, 28, 60, 74, 213
      • Procedures for the conduct of business, 82, 104
      • Progress report (PSB) as of August 1, 1952, 125
      • Progress report (PSB) as of October 30, 1952, 133
      • Progress report (PSB) as of January 5, 1953, 143
      • Progress report (PSB) as of July 29, 1953, 153
      • Project Brain Wave, 57
      • Project Nobel, 57
      • Project Vagabond, 57
      • Radio, 69, 133
      • Radio Free Europe, 125
      • Satellites, developing/using, 122
      • Scope of, 28
      • Smith’s (Walter B.) recommendations to consolidate/strengthen the, 129, 135
      • Soviet Union, 122, 125, 153
      • Stalin, Joseph, 127
      • Summary of psychological warfare arrangements within U.S. government since World War II, 213
      • Taiwan, 125
      • Trade policies, 153
      • Troy Report, 57, 59
      • Truman’s assessments, 119
      • Voice of America, 125
      • War, plan for the conduct of psychological operations in the event of a general, 125, 127
      • Weapons, public statements with respect to certain, 127
    • Security, NSC’s status report on national, 127
    • Summary of psychological warfare arrangements within U.S. government since World War II, 213
    • Supervise, debate on who should, 49
    • Troy Report, 59, 62, 92
    • Truman signs NSC Paper 59/1, 2
  • Publication procurement, foreign, 155, 202, 209, 258
  • Purcell, Edward M., 194, 198
  • Putnam, Palmer, 122
  • Putt, Gen. Donald, 196, 199
  • Qatar, 105
  • Quantico Panel I/II, 224
  • Quarles, Donald A., 249
  • Radar reconnaissance, 146
  • Radford, Adm. Arthur W., 176, 177, 189, 211, 214, 240, 249
  • Radio and political warfare (see also Voice of America):
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Foreign Information Program, 146, 155
    • NSC Paper 5509, 209
    • Office of Research and Intelligence, 226
    • Psychological warfare planning, 69, 133
    • Radio Free Asia, 94
    • Radio Free Europe, 15, 68, 94, 100, 125, 188
    • Soviet Union, 153
  • Rand, William, 160
  • RAND Corporation, 122, 229
  • Rastvorov, Yuri, 209
  • Reber, James Q., 48, 51, 72, 78, 115, 172, 202
  • REDCAP program, 87
  • REDSKIN program, 87
  • REDSOX program, 87
  • Reed, Allan, L., 172
  • Reichardt, Charles H., 172, 175
  • Republic of China. See Taiwan.
  • Research and Development Board (RDB), 115, 220
  • Roach, Ralph R., 197
  • Rockefeller, Nelson:
    • Coordination of economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210, 213, 248
    • Dulles (John F.) and, relations between, 232
    • Operations Coordinating Board:
    • Resigning as vice chairman, 235, 237, 246
    • Vice chairman, appointment as, 210
    • Planning Coordination Group:
      • Abolished, Rockefeller’s recommendation that group be, 235, 237, 246
      • Status report from group as of December 14, 1955, 246
    • Quantico Panel I/II, 224
  • Rockwell, Samuel S., 175
  • Romania, 61, 153, 169, 190
  • Roosevelt, Franklin D., 213
  • Rostow, Walt W., 224
  • ROTC, 251
  • Samford, Gen. John A., 164, 172, 175, 197, 225, 245
  • Sargeant, Howland H., 7, 69, 78, 100
  • Satellites, developing/using, 122, 219, 223
  • Saudi Arabia, 105
  • Savage, Carlton, 96
  • Scammon, R.M., 115
  • Schow, Gen. Robert A., 225
  • Schwinn, Walter K., 96
  • Scientific/technical intelligence:
    • Areas, field subdivided into three basic, 126
    • Armstrong’s assessments, 112
    • Central Intelligence Agency, 107, 112, 120, 126, 155
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 251
    • Coordinating mechanisms, 126
    • Director of Central Intelligence Directive 3/4, 126
    • Economic intelligence relating to national security, 209
    • Electronic intelligence, 230
    • Foreign Information Program, 146, 155
    • Intelligence Advisory Committee, 126
    • Interdepartmental Committee on Internal Security, 79
    • Kent’s assessments, 120
    • Missiles, guided, 209, 225, 245
    • NSC Paper 5520, 219
    • Policies and procedures, 126
    • Psychochemicals, 244
    • Satellites, developing/using, 122, 219, 223
    • Scientific Estimates Committee, 126, 146, 155, 225, 251
    • Search operations, special electronic airborne, 6
    • Soviet Union’s capabilities, IAC’s assessment of, 115
    • Sovmat Program (Soviet materials), 217
    • State Department-CIA relations, 24
    • Technological Capabilities Panel, 194, 223
    • Troy Report, 57, 59, 62, 92
  • Scott, Robert, 229
  • Scott, W.K., 52
  • Search projects, special electronic airborne, 6
  • Security clearances, operational, 205, 251
  • Service Attaché System, 146, 155
  • Sheldon, Huntington D., 175
  • Smith, Abbot E., 225
  • Smith, Brad J., 164
  • Smith, N.E., 175
  • Smith, R. Jack, 175
  • Smith, Walter B., 12, 24, 47, 58
    • Bureau of the Budget’s study for coordinating economic/psychological/political warfare and foreign information activities, 210
    • Changes made at CIA in response to requests from NSC, 107, 110
    • Communications intelligence, 97
    • Covert operations:
      • Guerrilla warfare, 75
      • Joyce’s assessments, 111
      • NSC 10/2, 38
      • NSC 10/3, 43
      • Scope and pace of, 68, 70, 71, 75, 111
    • Current Intelligence Bulletin, 53, 55
    • Defense Department-CIA relations, 36, 54, 56
    • ECACIA relations, 31
    • Europe (Eastern), 71
    • Intelligence Advisory Committee, 29
    • Interdepartmental Intelligence Committee, 65, 66
    • JCSCIA relations, 77
    • Joyce’s assessments, 145
    • Marshall’s (George C.) analysis of U.S. intelligence, 32
    • National Intelligence Estimates, 29
    • Net intelligence estimates of the capabilities/intentions of other nations, 189
    • NSC Papers:
      • NSC 10/3, 63
      • NSC 10/4, 63
      • NSC 26/2, 84
    • Objectives, priority list of critical national intelligence, 117
    • Operations Coordinating Board, 160
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Progress Report by the Director, 82
      • Psychological Strategy Board, 67, 74, 78, 82, 129, 135
      • Truman’s assessments, 119
    • Resignation of, 145
    • Scientific/technical intelligence, 126
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 80, 131
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 115, 131, 137, 138, 148, 189
    • Support bases, overseas CIA logistical, 140
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 98
    • Volunteer Freedom Corps, 148
    • Watch Committee, IAC, 35
  • SNIE. See Special National Intelligence Estimates.
  • Snyder, John, 17
  • Somoza, Anastasio, 154
  • Sontag, R.J., 115
  • Souers, Adm. Sidney W., 4, 16, 47, 49, 52
  • Soviet Union (see also Europe (Eastern)):
    • Aerial/photo reconnaissance over, 102, 194, 197, 198
    • Aircraft (U.S.) shot down in Baltic, 6
    • Biological warfare, 209
    • Collection (intelligence) requirements, coordination of, 202
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 220, 221, 234, 251
    • Covert operations, 5, 61
    • Defectors, using/exploiting, 252, 253
    • Director of Central Intelligence Directives:
    • Doolittle Report, 192
    • Economic intelligence requirements relating to national security, 144, 169, 191
    • Edwards Report, 149
    • Ethnic groups, non-Russian, 161
    • Foreign Information Program, 146, 155
    • Intelligence Advisory Committee, 80, 115, 131, 172
    • Kennan’s assessment of military intelligence-gathering services in, 118
    • Mails used as an access point into, 59
    • NIE 65, 115
    • Non-Russian ethnic groups, 161
    • NSC Action 543, 131
    • NSC Intelligence Directives:
    • NSC Papers:
    • Office of Research and Intelligence, 226
    • Political warfare aimed at, 59
    • Press monitoring, 202
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • NSC Paper 10/5, 139
      • Progress report (PSB) as of August 1, 1952, 125
      • Progress report (PSB) as of July 29, 1953, 153
      • Progress report (State Department) as of November 8, 1951, 92
      • Progress report (State Department) as of May 1, 1952, 109
      • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee, 92
      • Satellites, developing/using, 122
    • Radio, 153
    • REDCAP program, 87
    • REDSKIN program, 87
    • REDSOX program, 87
    • Satellites, developing/using, 122, 203
    • Scientific/technical intelligence, 112, 115, 120
    • Security, NSC’s status report on national, 127
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 80, 86, 115, 127, 131, 138
    • Smith’s (Walter B.) assessments, 117
    • Sovmat Program (Soviet materials), 217
    • State Department personnel and funding, Dulles’s (Allen W.) request for increase in, 228
    • Superpower competition, 195
    • Technological Capabilities Panel, 223
    • Troy Report, 57, 59, 62, 92
    • U.S. evaluation of the possibility of being injured by:
    • Voice of America, 44, 57, 59
    • Warning facilities of the intelligence community, information/recommendations concerning, 186, 209
    • Watch Committee, IAC:
      • CIA’s assessments, 81, 107, 189
      • DCID 1/2, 179, 187
      • Fact sheet, 91
      • Foreign service posts, State Department airgram to all, 218
      • JCS’s assessments, 186
      • Meetings: December 7, 1950, 35
      • Meetings: May 4, 1954, 175
      • Meetings: June 14, 1955, 225
      • NSC 142, 146
      • NSC 161, 155
      • NSC 5509, 209
      • NSC 5525, 234
      • Trueheart’s assessments, 3
    • Weakening the power/will to wage cold/hot war, 83
  • Spalding, Hobart A., 41
  • Special Cryptologic Advisory Group, 121
  • Special electronic airborne search operations (SESP), 6
  • Special National Intelligence Estimates (SNIE):
    • SNIE 11–8–54, 209
  • Staats, Elmer B., 178, 203
  • Stalin, Joseph, 59, 127
  • Stassen, Harold, 210, 214
  • State Department, U.S. (see also Acheson, Dean; Armstrong, W. Park, Jr.; Dulles, John F.; Hoover, Herbert, Jr.; National Intelligence Estimates; Operations Coordinating Board): [Page 838]
    • CIA-State Department relations:
      • Armstrong’s assessments, 24
      • Daily Summary, 48
      • Jackson (William H.)-Armstrong communications, 46
      • Joyce’s assessments, 129
      • Memorandum of agreement, 34, 51
    • Commission on the Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 221, 241, 251
    • Defense Department-State Department study on intelligence, 20, 22
    • Dulles’s (Allen W.), assessment of intelligence produced by, 228
    • Personnel and funds, Dulles’s (Allen W.) request for increases in, 228
    • Propaganda policy guidance, 7
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Progress report as of October 17, 1950, 28
      • Progress report as of March 19, 1951, 57
      • Progress report as of November 8, 1951, 92
      • Progress report as of May 7, 1952, 109
      • Progress report as of July 31, 1952, 124
  • Stelle, Charles C., 96
  • Stevens, Adm. Leslie, 38, 67, 70, 75, 96, 104, 139
  • Steward, Gordon, 216
  • Stone, Adm. Earl E., 40
  • Stout, R.F., 113
  • Strauss, Lewis L., 240
  • Streibert, Theodore E., 226
  • Strong, Robert C., 145
  • Sullivan, Charlie, 237
  • Support bases, overseas CIA logistical, 140
  • Swiatlo, Josef, 209
  • Sykes, O.B., 115
  • Taiwan:
    • China, conflict with:
      • Chinese Nationalist Forces on Taiwan, 98
      • Eisenhower’s complaints about conflicting intelligence information, 211
      • Guerrilla warfare, 71, 75, 76, 98
      • NSC 10/2, 108
      • NSC 10/5, 108
      • NSC 135, 127
      • Security, NSC’s status report on national, 127
      • Smith’s (Walter B.) assessments, 98
      • State/JCS/Defense/NSC/CIA, joint meeting between, 106
    • Psychological warfare planning, 125
  • Talbott, Harold E., 196, 198
  • Target Area Analysis Radar (TAAR), 209
  • Taylor, Robert, 31
  • Technological Capabilities Panel, 194, 223
  • Television in propaganda, 109
  • Thompson, Clary, 226
  • Thorburn, James G., Jr., 172
  • Tod, Roy, 35, 95
  • Tolman, John D., 115
  • Totten, Robert, 175, 225
  • Travel Folder Program, 155, 209
  • Traynor, Harry S., 197
  • Treasury Department, U.S., 79
  • Trezise, Philip H., 96, 225
  • Troy Report, 57, 59, 62, 92
  • Trudeau, Gen. Arthur G., 168, 172, 197
  • Trueheart, William C., 3, 35, 115, 172
  • Truman, Harry S., 58
    • Buying, organized/coordinated program of covert preclusive, 116
    • CIAJCS relations, 77
    • Classified government information, clearance for access to, 79
    • Communications intelligence, 97, 99, 132, 257
    • Covert operations, 5, 76, 89
    • Current Intelligence Bulletin, 53, 55
    • Foreign Information Program, 2, 128
    • NSC Intelligence Directive 9, 257
    • NSC Paper 26/2, 84
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Cold War, 139
      • Key Data Book, 134
      • NSC Paper 10/5, 139
      • NSC Paper 127/1, 123
      • Origins of, 2
      • Psychological Strategy Board, 49, 60, 74, 119, 213
    • Security of the United States, project to provide a more adequate basis for planning the, 138
    • Soviet Union’s capability to injure the U.S., evaluating the, 138
  • Tufts, Robert W., 96
  • Tukey, John W., 194, 198
  • Turkey, 127, 153, 229, 242
  • Tuttle, Elbert P., 187
  • Twining, Gen. Nathan, 106, 186, 196, 198, 199, 211, 249
  • United Fruit Company, 154
  • United Nations, 26, 109, 124, 143
  • United States Communications Intelligence Board (USCIB), 19, 44
  • United States Communications Security Board (USCSB), 251
  • U.S. Information Agency (USIA), 181, 183, 209, 210, 213, 226
  • U.S. Information and Education (USIE) Program, 69, 94
  • Vandenberg, Gen. Hoyt S., 101
  • Van Slyck, Forrest, 27
  • Venona: Soviet Espionage and the American Response, 1939–1957 (Benson & Warner), 87
  • Villard, Henry S., 96
  • Visa and Passport Divisions, 79
  • Voice of America (VOA):
    • CIA’s assessments, 127
    • Crusade for Freedom, 100
    • Foreign Information Program, 146
    • NSC Paper 66/1, 44, 107
    • NSC Paper 135, 127
    • Psychological warfare planning, 125, 213
    • Radio Free Europe’s displaced personnel taken care of by, 94
    • Troy Report, 57, 59, 62, 92
  • Volunteer Freedom Corps, 148
  • Wage issues, 221, 251
  • Warner, Michael, 29
  • Washburn, Abbott, 94, 100
  • Watch Committee, IAC. See under Soviet Union.
  • Watson, E.C., 122
  • Watts, Phillip H., 96
  • Webb, James E., 9, 11
    • CIA-State Department relations, 24
    • Office of Special Projects, 4
    • Psychological warfare planning:
      • Cabinet Committee, 47
      • Interdepartmental Committee, 74
      • Nitze’s assessments, 62
      • NSC 10/5, 104
      • NSC 74, 52
      • Office of Policy Coordination, 26
      • Program planning, 69
      • Progress report (State Department) as of November 8, 1951, 92
      • Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee, 92
      • Psychological Strategy Board, 60, 67, 74, 82, 92
    • State Department-Defense Department Staff Study on intelligence, 22
  • Weckerling, Gen. John, 64, 91
  • Whearty, Raymond P., 79
  • Willems, Gen. John M., 175
  • Wilson, Charles E., 186, 239, 240, 242
  • Wisner, Frank G., 7, 50, 67, 82, 100, 180, 205
    • Aliens into U.S. for intelligence/operational purposes, 206
    • CIAOPC relations, 130, 145
    • Civil Air Transport’s application for commercial rights in Okinawa, 101
    • Covert operations, 71, 85, 111, 188
    • ECACIA relations, 31
    • Eisenhower-Doolittle meetings, 193
    • Europe (Eastern), 167
    • Intelligence Advisory Committee, 29
    • NSCCIA coordination, 8
    • NSC 10/2, 162
    • NSC 10/5, 162
    • Office of Policy Coordination, 33
    • Office of Special Projects, 4
    • Psychological warfare planning, 129
    • Radio Free Europe, 94
    • Soviet Union, 161
    • Taiwan and China, conflict between, 106
    • Voice of America, 94
  • Woods, Van A., Jr., 225
  • Wright, Edwin M., 41, 142
  • Writ of habeas corpus, 16
  • Wyman, W., 50, 93
  • Wynne, P.D., 225
  • Yalu River, 155
  • Yeager, Joseph, 115
  • Young, Frederick R., 57, 142
  • Yugoslavia, 59, 124, 139, 190