List of sources

Unpublished Sources

The basic source for documentation presented in this volume was the indexed Central Files of the Department of State. Papers from those files are indicated by means of a file number in the headnote. The provenance of papers obtained from special lot files and post files outside the Central Files are also shown in head-notes, as indicated in the following list.

Barrett Files, Lot 52 D 432

Files of Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs Edward W. Barrett for the year 1951.

Berlin Mission Files, Lot 58 F 62

Central classified files of the U.S. Mission in Berlin for years 1946–1956. (Retained as a portion of FRC accession no. 59 A 543)

Bonn Mission Files, McCloy Project, Lot 311

Comprises a chronological record on all phases of the work of the Office of the United States High Commissioner for Germany including a “Diary” which indicates McCloy’s daily appointments and conversations. Especially useful for documentation on the Allied High Commission for Germany.

CFM Files, Lot M–88

Consolidated master collection of the records of conferences of Heads of State, Council of Foreign Ministers and ancillary bodies, North Atlantic Council, other meetings of the Secretary of State with the Foreign Ministers of European powers, and materials on the Austrian and German peace settlements for the years 1943–1955 prepared by the Department of State Records Service Center.

Conference Files, Lot 59 D 95

Collection of documentation on certain official visits of European heads of government and foreign ministers to the United States and on major international conferences (including North Atlantic Council sessions) attended by the Secretary of State for the period 1949–1955, as maintained by the Executive Secretariat of the Department of State.

ECA Message Files, FRC 53 A 278

Master set of telegrams and airgrams to and from all overseas missions for the years 1948–1951 as maintained by ECA Washington headquarters.

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EDC Files, Lot 57 M 44

Comprehensive collection of official documentation of the Paris Conference for the Organization of a European Defense Community and related reports, memoranda, and correspondence for the years 1951–1952, as maintained in the Embassy in Paris (by Second Secretary Stanley Cleveland).

EUR Files, Lot 59 D 233

Subject files maintained in the Office of the Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs for the years 1945–1957.

Frankfurt Consulate General Files, Lot 58 F 97

Central classified correspondence of the Consulate General in Frankfurt for the years 1950–1952. (Retained as a portion of FRC Accession no. 59 A 543.)

ISAC Files, Lot 53 D 443

Top Secret records relating to the activities of the International Security Affairs Committee for the period February–October 1951, including action summaries, committee summaries, memoranda of meetings, minutes, and other papers, as maintained in the Executive Secretariat of the Department of State.

London Embassy Files, Lot 59 F 59

Classified files of the Embassy in the United Kingdom for 1951 containing important comprehensive collections of documentation (principally exchanges of telegrams but also memoranda and other papers) on Germany and Western European politico-military matters.

Military Cable Files, Lot 52–246

Important Top Secret Army and Air Force telegrams furnished to the Department of State by the Department of Defense Liaison Officer during 1950–1951, dealing mostly with Korea but also with Germany and other European areas, as maintained by the Executive Secretariat of the Department of State.

News Division Files

The principal repository for complete sets of the press and radio news conferences of the Secretary of State and press releases of the Department of State maintained by the News Division and successor units. Bound volumes of the press releases are also maintained in the Library of the Department of State.

PPS Files, Lot 64 D 563

Master file of documents, drafts, records of meetings, memoranda and related correspondence for the years 1947–1953 of the Policy Planning Staff.

Secretary’s Daily Meetings, Lot 58 D 609

Chronological collection of the records of the Secretary of State’s daily meetings with top Department of State officials for the years 1949–1952, as maintained by the Special Assistant to the Secretary of State.

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Secretary’s Memoranda, Lot 53 D 444

Comprehensive chronological collections of the Secretary of State’s memoranda, memoranda of conversation, and memoranda of conversation with the President for the years 1947–1953, as maintained by the Executive Secretariat of the Department of State.

Secretary’s Memoranda of Conversation, Lot 65 D 238

Chronological collections of the Secretary of State’s memoranda of conversation with the President for the years 1949–1952, memoranda of the Secretary of State and Under Secretary of State for the years 1951–1952, and the Secretary of State’s memoranda of conversation with Senator Tom Connally of Texas for the years 1950–1951, as maintained by the Executive Secretariat.

Shulman Files, Lot 53 D 403

Files of Marshall D. Shulman, Special Assistant to the Secretary of State, containing materials used in the preparation of speeches by President Truman and Secretary of State Acheson for the years 1950–1953, as maintained by the Office of the Secretary of State.

State–JCS Meetings, Lot 61 D 417

Records of meetings between representatives of the Department of State and the Joint Chiefs of Staff for the period 1951–1959 and selected problem files on the Middle East for the period 1954–1956, as maintained by the Executive Secretariat of the Department of State.

S/ISA Files:

Lot 52–19

Lot 52–24

Lot 52–26

Lot 52–40

Lot 52–51

Files of the Office of the Director, International Security Affairs, Department of State, containing material for the years 1949–1951. These lot files, all of which are included in FRC Acc. No. 62 A 613, include documentation on the operations of the Special Assistant for International Security Affairs (S/ISA) and the interdepartmental International Security Affairs Committee (ISAC) during 1950–1951; material on program development and implementation of the Mutual Defense Assistance Program for 1949–1951; and documentation on planning directed toward the establishment of the Mutual Security Program for 1951. The material includes subject and chronological files, and records of various departmental and interdepartmental committees concerned with military assistance and foreign aid during the 1949–1951 period.

S/PNSC Files, Lot 62 D 1

Serial and subject master file of National Security Council documents and correspondence for the years 1948–1961, as maintained by the Policy Planning Staff.

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S/SNSC Files, Lot 63 D 351

Serial master file of National Security Council documents and correspondence and related Department of State memoranda for the years 1947–1961, as maintained by the Executive Secretariat of the Department of State.

Published Sources

a. official

In addition to the Foreign Relations of the United States volumes, the official publications listed below were found to be of particular value in the preparation of this volume.

Allied High Commission for Germany, Allied General Secretariat, Laws, Regulations. Directives and Decisions of the Allied High Commission for Germany from September 21, 1949 to September 20, 1950, Bonn-Petersberg, undated vol i. Hereafter cited as “Laws, Regulations, Directives and Decisions, vol. i”.

Allied High Commission for Germany, Allied General Secretariat, Laws, Regulations, Directives and Decisions of the Allied High Commission for Germany from September 21, 1950 to June 30, 1951, Bonn-Petersberg, undated, vol. ii. Hereafter cited as “Laws, Regulations, Directives and Decisions, vol. ii”.

A Decade of American Foreign Policy: Basic Documents, 1941–1949. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1950. Hereafter cited as “Decade, 1941–1949”.

Department of State Bulletin. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1939–. Issued weekly.

Federal Republic of Germany, Ministry for All-German Affairs, The Efforts Made by the Federal Republic of Germany to Re-establish the Unity of Germany by Means of All-German Elections, Bonn, Deutscher Bundes-Verlag, 1954. Hereafter cited as “Efforts Made to Re-establish the Unity of Germany”.

Office of the United States High Commissioner for Germany, Documents on German Unity, vol. i. Frankfurt, 1951. Hereafter cited as “Documents on German Unity, vol. i”.

Office of the United States High Commissioner for Germany, Documents on German Unity, vol. ii, Bad Godesberg, 1952. Hereafter cited as “Documents on German Unity, vol. ii”.

Office of the United States High Commissioner for Germany, Report on Germany, Frankfurt, issued quarterly. Hereafter cited as “Report on Germany”.

Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Harry S. Truman, 1951. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1965. Hereafter cited as, “Truman, Public Papers, 1951”.

United Nations, Official Records of the General Assembly, Sixth Session, Ad Hoc Political Committee, Summary Records, 1951–1952, Paris, 1952. Hereafter cited as “Ad Hoc Political Committee”.

United States, Department of State, Germany 1947–1949: The Story in Documents, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1950, Publication No. 3556. Hereafter cited as “Germany 1947–1949”.

United States, Department of State. Occupation of Germany, Policy and Progress, 1945–1946, Washington, Government Printing Office, August, 1947. Hereafter cited as “Occupation of Germany, 1945–1946”.

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b. unofficial

Much authoritative information is to be found in unofficial publications written by those who participated in the events documented in this volume or by authors who compiled documentary histories based on already published official and unofficial materials. The editors have made use of such unofficial publications for factual information or have cited them as a source for documentation referred to in the documentation printed here. The Department of State assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of fact or interpretation in these unofficial publications. The publications of this type which have been most consulted in the preparation of this volume are set forth in the list that follows. Other works also consulted on particular points are identified in annotations at the appropriate places.

Dean Acheson, Present at the Creation, My Years in the Department of State (New York, W. W. Norton & Company, 1969). Hereafter cited as “Acheson, Present at the Creation”.

Konrad Adenauer, Memoirs 1945–1953, translated by Beate Ruhm von Oppen (Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, 1966). Hereafter cited as “Adenauer, Memoirs”.

American Foreign Policy, 1950–1955: Basic Documents, 2 volumes (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1957). Hereafter cited as “Basic Documents”.

Peter Calvocoressi, assisted by Konstanze Isepp, Survey of International Affairs, 1951 (London, New York, and Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1954). Issued under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs. Hereafter cited as “Calvocoressi, Survey of International Affairs, 1951”.

Raymond Dennett and Katherine D. Durant (eds.), Documents on American Foreign Relations, volume XIII, January 1–December 31, 1951 (Princeton University Press, 1953). Published for the World Peace Foundation. Hereafter cited as “Dennett and Durant, Documents on American Foreign Relations, 1951”.

Anthony Eden, Full Circle (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1960). Hereafter cited as “Eden, Full Circle”.

Denise Folliot (ed.), Documents on International Affairs, 1951 (London, New York, and Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1954). Issued under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs. Hereafter cited as “Folliot, Documents on International Affairs, 1951”.

Otto Grotewohl, Im Kampf um die Einige Deutsche Demokratische Republik, Reden und Aufsaetze, Band II, 1950–1951, Berlin, 1954. Hereafter cited as “Grotewohl, Im Kampf um DDR”.

L’Année politique 1951: Revue chronologique des principaux faits politiques economiques et sociaux de la France et de l’Union Francaise du ler Janvier 1951 au ler Janvier 1952. Hereafter cited as “L’Annee politique 1951”. Published under the direction of Andre Siegfried, Edouard Bonnefous, and J.–B. Duroselle. Distributed by Presses Universitaires de France, Paris. Hereafter cited as “L’Annee politique”.

Beate Ruhm von Oppen (ed.), Documents on Germany Under Occupation 1945–1954 (London: Oxford University Press, 1955). Issued under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs. Hereafter cited as “Ruhm von Oppen, Documents on Germany”.

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Dirk U. Stikker, Men of Responsibility: A Memoir (New York: Harper & Row, 1965). Hereafter cited as “Stikker, Men of Responsibility”.

Harry S. Truman, Memoirs by Harry S. Truman , volume II, Years of Trial and Hope (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Company, 1956). Hereafter cited as “Truman, Memoirs, volume ii”.