Foreign Relations of the United States, 1955–1957, Austrian
State Treaty; Summit and Foreign Ministers Meetings, 1955, Volume V
Index
- Achilles, Theodore C., 126–130, 131n, 134–135, 198
- Adams, Sherman, 225, 621, 642–643, 677n, 725, 777–778
- Adenauer, Konrad:
- Europe, U.S. policy toward, 225–226
- European security, 155–158, 162,
238–239,
322–323,
556, 570–571, 675, 680–681, 760
- Federal Republic of Germany:
- Military volunteers legislation, 225, 227–228
- Soviet Union, relations with, 224, 235–236, 264, 320, 544–546, 567–571, 575–588
- United States, relations with, 228–230, 303, 589–594
- Western orientation of, 162
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 676,
681–682
- German Democratic Republic, 134, 575
- German unification, 148–151, 153–154, 235,
237–238,
397–398,
418, 465, 484, 574, 805
- Germany, 132–133, 225–226
- Moscow visit, 391n, 573n, 575–594
- And German unification, 403,
538, 555
- And Soviet foreign policy, 288, 326
- U.S. position, 531, 550, 566n, 567–571, 574n, 610
- Paris Agreements, 139, 169–170
- Soviet Union, 147, 168–169, 226–227, 307, 551,
574–575
- Summit Conference, 122, 125, 152,
170, 179, 537–539
- FRG participation, 156, 169, 172, 232–235
- German unification, 176, 397–398, 514–515, 547
- Western tactics, 175, 309–310, 315, 318, 345, 439
- Working group proposal, 128–131, 138, 140
- Aldrich, Winthrop W., 131n, 153, 195–196
- Allen, Edgar P., 1n, 4n, 19n, 30, 44n
- Alphand, Hervé, 597
- Anderson, Dillon, 366, 398n, 419n, 442n,
803
- Anderson, Robert B., 315, 384–386, 425, 427–429, 440, 442, 499n
- Andronykov, Constantin, 232, 244, 493, 597, 792
- Appling, Hugh G., 253, 262, 555, 581n
- Arms control. See
Disarmament.
- Arms race, 199–200, 410–411,
592–593, 635, 640
- Atomic energy, peaceful uses of, 210, 219, 338, 365, 369–370, 385, 533, 586, 668, 693
- Atomic weapons, 255, 134
- Inspection systems, 286, 327, 492,
745, 751–752
- Prohibition of, 486
- Soviet position, 199–200, 289, 384–385, 413–414, 450, 464, 484, 500, 519–520, 744, 755–757
- U.S. position, 385, 482, 532, 745, 751, 755–756
- Public opinion, 220, 352
- Soviet development of, 43, 211, 221–222, 226,
748–749
- And Soviet foreign policy, 249, 251, 271
- Soviet position, 148, 789–790
- U.S. position, 219, 492, 745,
750–752,
798
- Austria (see also
Austrian State Treaty):
- Hungary, relations with, 12, 55, 110, 112
- Military, establishment of, 34, 55, 58, 68–69, 78, 80, 110–112
- NATO participation, 16, 26
- Neutrality (see also under
Austrian State Treaty), 253, 256
- Political situation, 24–25, 46
- U.N. membership, 34, 37, 40, 49, 57, 63, 89–90, 106
- United States, relations with, 5, 18, 25, 56, 110–111
- Austrian State Treaty, 19–20, 31, 40, 56, 88, 92–93, 95–97, 100–103, 115–117, 155, 542
- Anschluss security guarantee (see
also
Territorial integrity guarantee
below), 2, 4–8, 11–12, 14, 15–17, 21, 24, 27, 45–46
- Austrian position, 12, 14n, 23–24, 28, 35n, 36,
84–85
- Austrian visit to Moscow (see also
Economic agreements with the Soviet Union
below), 16–20, 22–28, 30–32
- And Berlin Conference, 342, 344
- British position, 1n, 2n, 19n, 32–33, 44, 45n, 66, 68–69, 75–77, 94, 99–103, 108, 115
- Economic agreements with the Soviet Union (see also
German assets
below), 17, 38, 40, 42, 48–49, 58, 60, 96, 99
- Economic consequences, 17, 77–78
- Soviet position, 35, 37, 74–75, 81, 100
- U.S. position, 23–24, 34,
69–70, 74, 87–89,
93–94, 97–99, 103–105, 116
- Economic consequences, 77–79, 109
- Four-Power Conference proposal, 1, 5–9, 11, 13, 15, 17–19, 23, 35, 41, 43–44
- Four-power guarantee. See
territorial integrity guarantee
below.
- French démarche, 120, 126
- French position, 5n, 20, 30, 32–33, 66, 68–69, 73–77, 84, 175
- German assets, 23–25, 36, 42, 48, 58, 73–74, 82, 94, 96, 98–99, 105
- And Germany issue, 1, 2, 6, 13, 25–26, 33, 36, 43, 44n, 49–50
- Jewish claims, 111–112
- Military limitations, 55, 58, 68–69
- National Security Council discussion, 52–54, 59
- Neutrality (see also
Territorial integrity guarantee
below):
- Austrian position, 42, 55, 57–58, 68
- British position, 84, 90
- Military, establishment of, 34,
58, 68, 110–112
- Proposed declaration, 113–115
- Soviet position, 1, 13, 16,
26–27, 35, 37, 60,
74, 161
- U.S. position, 10, 21, 24,
26–27, 19, 34, 49,
52, 83–84, 106–107, 110, 384
- Occupation forces withdrawal, 6, 15–16, 30n, 34–38, 40, 42, 43n, 69–70, 84–85, 100
- And Paris Agreements, 1–3, 6–9, 11, 15–16
- Quadripartite note proposal, 6–7, 9
- Refugees, 62, 66–68, 70–72
- And Soviet foreign policy, 154–155, 163,
173, 222, 227, 288, 307, 548, 551
- Soviet position, 1–2, 8, 15n, 21n, 35–37, 199, 369
- Territorial integrity guarantee (see also
Anschluss security guarantee
above), 43n, 54,
65
- Austrian position, 23, 42, 48,
51, 55, 57
- British position, 90–91, 113
- French position, 90, 113
- Soviet position, 1, 16, 35,
37–41, 48–49, 60–61, 85, 90,
113
- U.S. position, 24, 19, 34,
44–46, 62–65, 83–84, 90–91,
107, 113
- U.S. position, 12–14, 17–20, 29, 32–33, 44–45, 47
- War guilt clause, 103, 106, 112,
116
- Bailey, Col. William B., 636, 742
- Baillou, Jean, 655, 668
- Bandung Conference, 147, 168, 369
- Barbour, Walworth, 33n, 138n, 542,
544n
- Barnett, Robert W., 265–266
- Barringer, B.P., 145,
156n, 609
- Beam, Jacob D., 1n, 20n, 33n, 44n, 156n, 195n, 323n, 405n, 578n, 649n
- Soviet Union, 461–462, 605–606
- Summit Conference, 137, 190, 317,
363, 388, 460, 560, 749,
- Western tactics, 262–263, 318, 319n, 343n
- Working groups, 145, 151, 153–154, 158, 160, 223, 309, 312–313, 314n
- Begougne de Juniac, Gontran, 5n, 138
- Berard, Armand, 198, 319n, 343, 381
- Berlin, 147, 150,
294, 557
- Berlin Conference, 559, 807
- Austrian State Treaty, 1, 17, 32, 40, 56, 61, 73n, 342
- German unification, 120, 291, 368
- Bidault, Georges, 703,
709
- Bischoff, Norbert, 4, 5, 6, 8–12,
15n, 24, 38–39
- Blankenhorn, Herbert A.H., 133, 567, 589–591, 705
- European security, 134, 155–158, 309–310, 515, 679–686, 710
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 643,
667, 681, 702, 727, 739n
- German unification, 132, 167, 309–310, 318,
322, 418, 515, 649, 711
- Soviet Union, 224, 230, 569,
571, 574–575, 579–583
- Summit Conference, 153–155, 460,
513–514,
537–538
- Boeker, Alexander, 597,
615, 649, 674
- Bohlen, Charles E., 226, 243, 355, 456, 488, 754, 767, 780, 788
- Austrian State Treaty, 10, 11n, 14–16, 26–28, 35–41, 43n, 46–49
- Eastern Europe, 372, 377
- European security, 433, 440, 700–702
- Federal Republic of Germany, 545, 570, 589–591
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 544n, 651,
667
- Soviet Union, 378–379, 573–577, 579–584
- United States, relations with, 386–387, 408, 441n, 442n, 479
- Summit Conference, 121n, 128n, 221–223, 283–285, 362–363, 376, 388, 432–433, 440, 797–799
- Bonbright, James C.H., Jr., 643
- Bova-Scoppa, Renato, 681,
727, 760
- Bowie, Robert R., 167, 232, 338, 419, 560, 597, 605, 614n, 649n, 742, 792
- Disarmament, 191, 636–638, 671, 715
- European security, 192, 253, 255–257
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 381,
732–633,
651, 653, 667, 706–708, 711
- Summit Conference, 263–264, 343n, 363,
372, 388, 404, 419, 431–432, 468,
487
- Brentano, Heinrich von, 567, 584
- Disarmament, 627–630
- European security and German unification, 515, 538, 621–623, 625–627, 629, 675
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 597,
599, 600–601, 613, 623–625, 727,
739n
- FRG relations with the United States, 570, 591n, 681
- GDR relations with the Soviet
Union, 576, 586–587
- German unification, 627–630
- Brook, Norman, 343, 494
- Brownell, Herbert, Jr., 621, 642, 677n
- Brussels Pact, 327, 341, 403, 406, 459, 561–562, 795
- And European security, 441, 561
- French position, 312, 342, 801
- German membership, 346–347, 562,
564, 617
- U.S. position, 315–316, 438,
441, 672, 801
- Bulganin, Nikolai Alexandrovich:
- Austrian State Treaty, 36, 43, 93
- China, People’s Republic of, 463–464, 467
- Communism, international, 370, 440
- Disarmament, 369, 443–44, 449–450, 455, 482,
619n, 635, 716,
744, 781
- East-West trade, 685, 712
- Eastern Europe, 372–373, 377,
554
- European security, 370, 389, 395–396, 406–407, 412,
421, 423–424, 444, 447–449, 479–480, 494–498, 639,
700
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 424,
500, 503–512
- German unification, 370, 390–394, 435–436, 440–441, 444, 699
- Soviet Union:
- Economic situation, 374–375
- Federal Republic of Germany, relation with, 576–577, 579, 582, 584–587, 593
- Foreign policy, 226, 227n, 595n, 611, 650
- Political situation, 379, 592
- United States, relations with, 371, 374, 376, 479, 490, 540–541
- Summit Conference, 346, 356, 364n, 365,
424, 437, 482, 736
- German unification, 440–441
- Soviet attitudes, 174, 375, 398n, 430, 459
- Soviet position, 258–260, 308, 340, 799
- Soviet tactics, 330, 382
- Bulgaria, 105, 220
- Butterworth, W. Walton, 571, 573
- Caccia, Harold A., 232, 243, 343n, 381, 457, 502, 571–573
- Canada, 155, 237
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 247–252, 271, 284, 606
- Cheklin, N.I., 669, 684–685, 691, 711–714, 715n, 722–725, 733–734
- China, People’s Republic of (see also
Summit Conference agenda
under
Far East), 147, 220, 358, 367–368, 370, 450, 466–467, 491
- Five- or Six-power conference proposal, 180–181, 187–188, 193, 196,
222–223,
232, 252, 285n,
297, 308, 329, 382, 467
- Soviet policy towards, 181, 290, 370,
416, 491–492
- Soviet Union, relations with, 10, 168, 219,
227, 248–249, 463, 530,
592
- Summit Conference participation, 180–181, 187–188, 297
- U.N. membership, 252, 273, 290,
370, 416
- United States, relations with, 281,
297, 415–416, 463–464, 467, 192
- U.S. policy toward, 187–188, 193,
466–467,
491
- Chinese Nationalist Offshore Islands, 358,
466–467
- Chou En-lai, 317, 330, 367, 549
- Churchill, Winston, 119n, 121, 307, 336, 552
- Clements, Earle C., 308,
435n
- Cleveland, Stanley M., 138n, 143n, 145
- Cline, Ray S., 486, 752–753
- Coblenz, Gaston, 589,
706
- Colombo Plan, 351
- Communism, international, 210
- Summit conference, 370, 377–378, 414–415, 440, 534
- U.S. position, 240, 280, 296,
365, 377, 385, 415, 530, 553, 612
- Conant, James B., 147–151, 169, 230–231, 266–268, 584–591, 780, 795n
- Congress, U.S.:
- Acts of:
- Battle Act, 297
- McCarran Act, 607–608
- Refugee Relief Act of 1953, 71
- Council on Foreign Economic Policy, 281–282, 609–610
- Couve de Murville, Maurice, 232, 244, 560, 562, 570, 597
- Crouy-Chanel, Etienne de, 32, 223, 232, 309n, 502, 566n
- Czechoslovakia:
- Austria, relations with, 12, 55, 110
- And European security, 253–254, 276,
324, 396, 658, 666, 706, 720
- Neutrality, 161, 324
- Soviet Union, relations with, 148,
168, 293, 550
- Defense, Department of, 52–53, 186, 609
- Denmark, 255–256,
407, 657, 723
- Dillon, C. Douglas, 121n, 139, 141–143, 197, 319, 333
- Disarmament (see also
Atomic weapons; European
security):
- British position, 213, 236, 335,
350–352,
454, 483, 497, 716–717, 745–746, 752
- Budgetary controls, 342, 349, 352–353, 366,
442–443,
454, 521–522, 745
- Foreign Ministers Conference agenda, 470–471, 473, 481–485, 491,
494–501,
503, 527–528, 534, 565
- Foreign Ministers statement, 780–783, 789–791
- French position, 334, 339, 349–354, 361,
385, 496–497, 521–525, 634, 717
- FRG position, 148–149, 157,
234–237
- And German unification, 213, 627–628
- Inspection systems (see also
Open Skies proposal
below), 191, 286, 311,
320–321,
341, 350–351, 401, 412–413, 428–429, 443,
451–452,
486, 533, 751, 759
- British pilot proposal, 426,
455, 524, 562–563, 627–628, 708, 745
- French position, 338, 444
- Ground control posts, 716–717
- Soviet position, 251, 804
- U.S. position, 277–278, 426, 442–444, 500
- International fund, 335, 337–338, 342–343, 349–354, 443, 454,
522–525
- Open Skies proposal, 218, 426–429, 434–435, 452–453, 479–480, 532–534, 540,
619, 716, 750
- Paris working group position, 327–328
- Procedure, 715–716
- Publicity, 444–445, 454–455, 525
- Soviet position, 183–184, 199–200, 223–224, 251,
288, 384–385, 412–414, 635, 751,
756–759,
804–805
- Soviet proposal, May 10, 1955, 183, 222,
236, 334, 369, 449–450, 455, 482,
548, 551–552
- Soviet proposal, July 21, 1955, 519–520
- Soviet tactics, 327, 331
- Summit Conference agenda, 148–149, 160,
161n, 183, 189,
191–192,
196, 210, 213, 223, 239, 246n, 251, 427
- U.N. role, 565
- British position, 236, 261, 321, 369, 445
- French position, 352, 361, 454, 751
- Soviet position, 484–485, 491, 534
- Summit Conference directive, 471
- U.S. position, 321, 352, 442–443, 483
- Western position, 328, 331
- U.S. position, 218–220, 237–238, 292–295, 350–351, 353,
365, 412–414, 425n, 432–433, 450–453, 481–483
- Western European Union, 125–126, 146,
154, 161, 275–276, 278
- Western tactics, 638–639, 670–671, 717–718, 742–743, 758,
800
- Donaudampfschiffahrtsgesellschaft (D.D.S.G., Danube Shipping Company),
24, 40, 42, 49, 69, 105
- Dulles, Allen W., 62, 748
- Dulles, John Foster:
- Austrian State Treaty, 1–2, 16–19, 20–21, 47, 53, 88–89, 94, 97, 104–107
- And Germany, 49–50, 54–55
- Neutrality, 33–34, 42,
110–112
- Refugees, 62, 70–72
- Territorial integrity guarantee, 23, 44–45, 54,
64–65, 83–84, 90–91, 113
- China, People’s Republic of, 463–464, 466
- Communism, international, 377–378
- Disarmament, 158, 482–484, 629–630, 667, 671,
740, 742–743, 780–782, 788–791, 800
- Atomic weapons, 754–756
- French position, 342–343
- Inspection systems, 286, 400, 428–429, 434–435, 563, 1745–746, 750–752
- International fund proposal, 351, 353
- Open Skies proposal, 453n, 464, 532–533
- Soviet position, 443–444, 758, 804–805
- U.S. position, 237–238, 337n, 636, 690, 727
- East-West contacts, 533–534, 566,
602, 643, 655, 769, 774–775, 783–785
- East-West trade, 280–282, 609–610, 630–631, 685
- Eastern Europe, 372–373, 377
- Egypt, 402–403, 650
- Europe, U.S. policy towards, 225–226, 273–274
- European security, 629, 641, 696
- Demilitarized zones, 323–325, 332, 357–358, 401, 556, 626–627, 697
- Foreign Ministers Conference Agenda, 433–434, 468–471
- And German unification, 276–278, 403–404, 634, 672, 674, 677, 686
- Molotov statement, 722, 725–726, 735–736, 739n, 740, 747–748
- Soviet position, 700–702, 752–753, 795–797, 801
- Summit Conference directive, 433–434, 468–471
- Treaty proposals, 275, 474–475, 560–562, 570–571, 598–599, 644–648, 786–787
- U.S. position, 315–316, 406–407, 788
- Western tactics, 313–314, 319–321, 444, 542–543, 564–565, 599, 622–623, 680–681
- Federal Republic of Germany, 167–170, 224–225, 227–230, 546,
591
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 616–620, 632,
661, 759–760, 766–768, 780, 799–800, 802
- Agenda, 419–420, 484–486, 493, 502–503, 565, 597–598
- Communiqué, 770–771, 791–793
- GDR participation, 600–601, 623–625, 694
- NATO role, 543–544
- Opening statements, 633–634
- Preparation for, 544, 547, 553–554, 620
- Press relations, 708–709
- Soviet tactics, 803–804
- Western tactics, 542–543, 618–621, 681, 699–700, 702, 776
- German unification, 345, 397–398, 403–405, 486, 514n, 688,
805
- All-German council proposal, 666, 698
- Foreign Ministers Conference agenda, 437–438, 440–441, 471, 473, 481
- FRG tactics, 555–559
- Soviet position, 399, 465, 657, 700–702, 752–753, 795–797, 801
- U.S. position, 549–550, 622–623, 649n, 677, 680–681, 689, 695, 699, 788
- Germany, 225–226, 279, 384, 562,
652–653
- Indochina, 446–447
- Middle East, 372, 769–770
- Neutralism, 534–535
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 116, 138–140, 341,
441, 513–514, 779, 805–806
- Soviet Union, 374, 379, 430–431, 551–554, 605–606, 609–610, 650,
748–749
- Summit Conference, 115, 119–125, 135–136, 164–167, 170–171, 339, 363,
388
- Agenda, 186–189, 191–193, 196, 243–246, 383
- Approaches to the Soviet Union, 195, 215, 241
- British position, 203–204, 209
- Location, 152, 176, 190–191, 194, 200
- Procedures, 177, 223, 232, 247, 333, 355–356
- Public opinion, 237–238
- Soviet attitudes, 382, 430–431
- Soviet tactics, 201, 283–285
- Timing, 197–198, 207–208, 214
- U.S. position, 158–160, 174–175, 182–184, 239–240, 301–309, 340–341, 420, 493, 530, 797
- Western tactics, 262–266, 269–273, 300, 306, 343–344, 381, 439
- Working group proposals, 140–141, 143–144, 206
- Warsaw Pact, 349
- East-West contacts (see also
East-West trade), 328,
383, 655–656, 729–730, 741, 775
- British position, 210, 654, 669,
728–731,
772–773,
784
- Exchange of persons, 607–609, 773
- Foreign Ministers conference agenda, 494, 502–503, 511,
528, 533–534, 565–566, 609–610
- French position, 477–478, 526,
634, 653–654, 668–669, 729, 731,
774–775,
784–786
- Government publications, 729–730, 772–773
- Procedure, 662–663, 668–669, 678,
682–683,
692–694,
760–762
- Radio broadcasts, 605–607, 729–731, 762,
772–773
- Ruble rate, 768–769, 785
- Soviet position, 431, 635, 654–655, 728–731, 759,
768, 773–774, 776, 784–785
- Tourism, 728–730, 785
- U.S. information programs, 530, 606–607
- U.S. position, 219, 475–476, 602–609, 728, 731,
775, 783–785
- Visas, 441n,
442n, 462, 479,
703
- East-West trade:
- British position, 210, 630–631, 654, 685,
690–692,
711–712,
723–724,
732–733,
772
- Civil aviation, 714, 732–734, 765–766, 785
- Eastern Europe, 184, 189, 313
- Foreign Ministers Conference agenda, 534, 609–610
- French position, 478, 669, 684,
686, 690, 724–725, 733–734, 774
- Shipping, 732–733, 763–764
- Soviet position, 222, 252, 289,
329–330,
655, 668–669, 684–686, 691, 712–714, 722–724, 732–733, 762–764, 773
- Summit Conference agenda, 184, 189, 196,
240, 252, 265–266, 280–282
- U.S. position, 219, 240, 296–297, 476–477, 609,
685–686,
691, 712, 714, 724, 733–734
- Western position, 329–330, 630–631, 763
- Eastern Europe (see also
Warsaw Pact):
- British policy towards, 212, 313
- East-West trade, 184, 189, 313
- European security arrangements, participation in, 275–276, 278, 310,
320–324
- French position, 312–313
- Soviet control of, U.S. position, 227,
276, 322–324, 365, 372–373, 377,
385, 412, 534, 553, 796
- Soviet policy toward, 263, 542, 549,
803
- Summit Conference agenda, 188, 196, 222,
232, 312–313, 328
- Summit Conference effect on, 530, 803
- U.S. policy toward, 192–193, 287–288, 290–291, 295,
309
- Economic Commission for Europe (ECE), 712, 724
- Eden, Anthony:
- Austrian State Treaty, 19n
- China, People’s Republic of, 463–464, 466
- Disarmament, 335, 350, 395,
432–433,
454–455,
628, 781
- Egypt, 402–403
- European security, 369, 389, 394–395, 400–401, 423–424, 448–449, 562–563, 593,
657
- Foreign Ministers Conference:
- German unification, 301, 341–342, 344–348, 368–369, 393–394, 399–400, 420, 657
- Indochina, 308, 446–447, 457
- Iraq, 402, 493
- Summit Conference, 119n, 129, 164–167, 123–124, 304, 339,
362, 365, 398, 471, 484n
- Agenda, 397, 421, 475, 478
- Length, 203–206
- Procedures, 340, 356
- Timing, 121–123, 137
- Western tactics, 262, 345–348, 487
- Egypt, 402–403,
644n, 650
- Eisenhower, Dwight D.:
- Atomic energy, peaceful uses of, 338,
365, 385
- Austrian State Treaty, 50n, 53, 89, 104–106, 115–116
- China, People’s Republic of, 415–416
- Disarmament, 235, 276, 432–433, 492,
635, 715–716, 781, 791
- Atomic weapons, 352, 532–533
- Budgetary controls, 350–351, 442–443
- French position, 334, 342–343
- Inspection systems, 400–401, 412–414, 426–429, 434–435, 444–445, 456–457, 529–530
- Open Skies proposal, 425n, 450–453, 487, 540, 553–554, 619n, 634
- East-West trade, 280–282
- Eastern Europe, 276, 365, 372–373
- Europe, U.S. policy toward, 225–226, 273–274
- European security, 126, 325n, 400–401, 406–407, 423–424, 696, 795
- Demilitarized zones, 278–279, 332, 357–358
- And German unification, 278,
422, 448
- Inspection systems, 479–480
- Molotov statement, 725–727, 747–748
- Treaty proposals, 275, 449, 474–475
- Federal Republic of Germany, 230, 546
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 493–496, 498,
500, 504–512, 547, 777–778, 802
- German neutrality, 225–226, 279,
348
- German unification, 341, 345, 365,
393, 488–489, 550, 680
- Heart attack, 597n, 621, 633, 642–643
- Indochina, 445–447
- Iraq, 402, 493
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 392–393, 459, 538
- Soviet Union, 374–376, 379–380, 382,
402, 417, 475–476, 479, 540–541, 593n, 650
- Summit Conference, 121, 124, 165–167, 172–173, 223,
362, 388, 420, 431, 471
- Agenda, 196, 383, 475
- British position, 164–165, 203–205
- Length, 206–207, 213
- Opening statements, 335, 358–360, 364–365
- Procedures, 353, 356
- Soviet attitudes, 404, 486
- Timing, 193–195, 207–208
- U.S. position, 158, 177–179, 182–184, 186–189, 237, 301–304, 340–341, 528–529, 798
- Western tactics, 269–270, 298, 306–308, 343–344, 347–348
- Zhukov conversations, 304, 364, 371,
376n, 392, 402,
408–418,
436, 440, 488–490, 591
- Eisenhower, Maj. John, 339, 340, 362, 366, 372, 380, 388n, 442, 453n, 460, 462n, 471, 492n
- Elbrick, C. Burke, 119n, 128, 137–138, 158n, 779n
- Europe:
- British forces in, 311
- Canadian forces in, 236–237
- U.S. forces in (see also
Occupation forces withdrawal
under
Germany), 132,
149, 155, 168, 222, 236–237, 251,
254, 261, 273, 279, 293, 311, 370,
387, 406–407
- U.S. policy towards, 220, 225–226, 273–275, 290–291
- European Coal and Steel Community, 55, 806
- European Defense Community (EDC), 23, 122, 124, 126
- European security (see also
Disarmament; Europe: U.S. forces in):
- Balance of forces:
- British position, 212–213, 307–308, 321,
323–324,
639, 646–647, 719–720, 786–787
- Demilitarized zones, 184, 323–324, 401, 426
- British position, 211–212, 253–258, 261, 310, 332, 342, 348, 357, 369, 625–627
- French position, 254, 324–325, 332, 334
- FRG position, 229, 310, 322, 600, 625–627
- Soviet position, 196, 254, 441, 658–659
- U.S. position, 161, 278–279, 293, 310–311, 324, 357, 556, 626–627, 697
- Eastern European participation, 275–276, 278, 292–293, 310,
320–324,
334
- European integration, 163, 593, 675,
696, 760, 796
- Foreign Ministers Conference agenda, 485, 527
- British position, 424, 438, 494, 497, 500, 504–505, 508–511
- French position, 424, 437–438, 496–497, 501, 506–511
- Soviet position, 419–420, 433–434, 436–438, 464, 468–469, 495–496, 498–499, 503, 505–511
- U.S. position, 423, 434, 437–438, 440, 486, 495–496, 498, 501, 504, 507–511, 565
- French position, 307–308, 342,
641–642,
646, 719, 786–787, 801
- FRG position, 134, 147–149
- German Democratic Republic, Soviet policy towards, 618, 720–721, 747–748, 759,
795–796
- And German unification, 394, 437–438, 440, 444,
485, 531, 677
- British position, 261–262, 423–424, 438, 497, 563, 664, 666–667, 687
- French position, 161–162, 267, 311–312, 333–334, 346–347, 393–394, 437–438, 633–634, 664, 666
- FRG position, 156–157, 161–162, 310
- Soviet position, 370, 391, 403, 406, 423–424, 436–437, 458, 484, 489–490, 496, 498, 634, 640–641, 647–648, 665, 674
- U.S. position, 238, 276–278, 310, 315–316, 422, 448, 489–491, 560, 648, 664, 666, 672, 686–687
- Western position, 239, 326–327, 405, 458, 787
- Germany’s neighbors, 674, 706, 719–720
- Molotov statement, 720–722
- NATO role (see
also
Soviet two-stage treaty proposal
below):
- British position, 212, 254, 639
- French position, 354
- FRG position, 155–157, 310, 322, 324
- Soviet position, 370, 400, 406
- U.S. position, 292, 324, 349, 357, 542–543, 561
- Soviet position, 640–641, 647–648, 674,
752–753,
787–788,
801
- Soviet tactics, 222, 320, 326,
700–702
- Soviet two-stage treaty proposal, 391, 412,
421, 447–479, 516–519, 634, 640,
657–658,
677, 786–787
- Summit Conference agenda, 196
- British position, 320–321, 324, 400
- Soviet position, 222–223, 246n, 444
- U.S. position, 146, 185, 189, 192, 239, 257, 309–310, 313–314, 320–321, 324, 357, 359, 400
- Treaty proposals (see also
Soviet two-stage treaty proposal
above), 474–475
- British five-power treaty proposal, 334, 389, 394–395, 406, 423
- British position, 258,
400, 407, 438
- French position, 334,
422, 646, 708
- FRG position, 155–157, 310, 570–572
- Soviet position, 223,
370, 386–387, 396, 400, 406, 411–412, 438
- U.S. position, 275,
400, 406, 438, 645, 660, 661n, 787
- U.S. treaty proposals, 542–543, 560–562, 565, 570–572, 598–599
- U.S. position, 291–294, 645–646, 786–787, 800–801
- Warsaw Pact role (see also
Soviet two-stage treaty proposal
above), 310, 334, 342, 370, 385, 400
- Western European Union role (see
also
Soviet two-stage treaty proposal
above), 146, 154, 161, 276, 278, 310, 321, 322, 342, 639
- Western memorandum, 622–623, 629
- Western tactics, 677–678
- British position, 320,
323, 705–710
- French position, 342,
705–711
- FRG position, 322,
681n, 710–711
- German Social Democratic Party position, 695–697
- U.S. position, 323–324, 542–543, 564, 599–600, 680–681, 696–698, 704, 706–708
- Working group positions, 325–331
- Far East (see also
China, People’s Republic Of):
- Soviet policy toward, 10, 157, 250,
257, 329, 370, 612
- Summit Conference agenda, 148, 211, 383–384
- Soviet position, 180, 222–223, 232, 382–383, 487
- U.S. position, 186–187, 193, 297–298, 308, 384
- Working group positions, 146,
160, 329
- U.S. policy towards, 219
- Faure, Edgar, 775
- Disarmament, 318–319, 337, 342–343, 349–352, 366, 442–445, 454–455, 521–525, 781
- European security, 325, 422, 424,
593
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 493–494, 496–500, 503–512
- French political situation, 229, 382, 739
- German unification, 153, 333–335, 342, 346–348, 365,
393–394,
396, 422
- Indochina, 172, 445–447, 457
- Paris Agreements, 139–142
- Soviet Union, 477–478
- Summit Conference, 175, 208, 333–334, 339–340, 356,
381, 388, 459
- Agenda, 174, 388–389, 397, 475
- Opening statements, 358–360, 365
- Western tactics, 345–348, 439, 487
- Working Group proposal, 134–135, 203
- Federal Republic of Germany (see also FRG
subheadings under other subjects; German
unification; Germany; Paris Agreements), 148,
162, 228, 294, 558, 597
- Demilitarized zone plans, 253–254
- German Democratic Republic, relations with. See
All-German council proposal
under
German unification.
- Military volunteers legislation, 225,
227
- Rearmament (see also
Paris Agreements), 15, 26, 132, 150, 170, 219,
251, 634, 646–647
- Saar issue, 137–140
- Social Democratic Party, 148, 150, 228,
652, 676, 695–699, 737
- Soviet Union, relations with, 224–225, 230–231, 235–236, 238,
288, 290, 307, 369, 399, 531, 538,
548, 552, 593–594, 634, 723
- United States, relations with, 121–122, 132, 228–231, 294–295, 589–592
- Figl, Leopold:
- Austrian State Treaty, 36, 38–39, 41, 45, 74–77, 86, 95, 103, 109,
115
- Anschluss security guarantee, 2–3, 11–12
- Military limitations, 68–69
- Neutrality, 10, 57–58,
66, 83
- Occupation forces withdrawal, 80–81, 84, 100
- Raab visit to Moscow, 22, 30
- Soviet position, 4–7
- Yugoslavia, 102
- Finland, 184, 373,
377
- Five-Power Conference proposal. See under
China, People’s Republic of.
- Flemming, Arthur S., 184–185, 188
- Foreign Ministers Conference (see
also
Disarmament; East-West
contacts; East-West trade; European security; German
unification), 588, 631–633, 636, 643–644, 651, 661, 667, 681–682, 690, 694, 702–703, 727–728, 739–740, 749–750, 754, 766, 770
- Agenda, 419–420, 515, 527–528, 598
- British position, 494, 497, 499–500, 504–506, 508–511
- French position, 494, 496–498, 500–501, 504–511
- Order of discussion, 468–471, 474–475, 484–485, 489, 494–501, 503–511, 531
- Soviet position, 489–491, 494–495, 499–500, 503–511
- U.S. position, 489–491, 495–496, 498, 501, 504–511
- Communiqué, 770–771, 792–794, 802
- FRG participation. See under
German unification.
- GDR participation. See under
German unification.
- National Security Council discussion of, 616–620
- NATO role, 543–544, 779
- Opening statements, 633–635
- Preparations for, 543, 613–614, 620
- Press relations, 629–630, 705–706, 709
- Soviet position, 768–769
- Soviet tactics:
- U.S. position, 699–700, 759–760, 767–768, 777–778, 795–797
- Western tactics, 542, 553–554, 569, 612–613, 618,
621, 747–749, 776
- Four-Power Conference proposal. See
Summit Conference; see
under
Austrian State Treaty.
- France (see also France, French, and Western subheadings
under other subjects):
- Austrian State Treaty, 2n, 90–95, 99–101, 103,
107, 113, 115
- Disarmament, 334, 339, 349–354, 361,
385, 496–497, 521–525, 634, 717
- Foreign Ministers Conference communiqué, 792–794
- Germany, relations with, 274, 291, 293
- Indochina, 175, 445–447, 457–458
- North Africa, 274, 446, 660
- Political situation, 3, 131, 229
- Saar issue, 137–140
- Soviet Union, relations with, 290,
690
- Summit Conference information leak, 197–198
- U.S. military assistance, 125–126
- Franco y Bahamonde, Generalissimo Francisco, 660–661
- François-Poncet, André, 584–586, 588
- Freund, Richard B., 1n, 4n, 16, 19n, 20n, 30,
33n, 44n
- Galloway, William J., 253, 261n, 262, 313n, 560, 605
- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), 266
- Genevey, Gen. Pierre, 637, 670, 715, 742
- George, Walter F., 180, 225–226, 340, 435n
- German Democratic Republic (see also
GDR subheadings under other
subjects; German unification; Germany):
- Berlin Autobahn tolls issue, 169, 218, 234,
698
- British position, 614
- Demilitarized zones, 253–254, 256–257, 278–279, 324,
334, 347
- FRG position, 148, 574, 576,
593
- Federal Republic of Germany, relations with (see
also
All-German council proposal
under
German unification), 228
- Soviet Union, relations with, 156,
168, 251–252, 295, 310,
418, 531, 542, 545, 549, 558, 575,
618, 623, 677, 680–681, 720–721, 747–748, 759, 795–796
- U.S. policy toward, 294–295
- German unification (see also
European security; Germany; German subheadings under other
subjects), 122, 123n, 133,
145
- All-German council proposal, 665–667, 674, 687–688, 698–699, 721,
736–737
- British position, 267–268, 368–369, 614–615
- And disarmament, 627–628
- And Eastern Europe, 168, 251, 295
- Eden Plan:
- British position, 257, 261, 267–268, 323, 614, 639, 673
- FRG position, 133, 149, 154–155, 266
- Soviet position, 155, 405–406, 641, 665, 673–674, 677, 688, 703–704, 720–721
- U.S. position, 151, 291–292, 542, 672, 688
- And European security, 156, 261–262, 267, 276–277, 292–293, 310–312, 394,
437–438,
440, 444, 485, 531, 677
- British position, 161, 261–262, 321, 389, 423–424, 497, 563, 664, 666–667, 687
- French position, 161–162, 267, 311–312, 332–334, 346–347, 393–394, 633–634, 664, 666
- FRG position, 155–157, 161–162
- Soviet position, 391, 403, 406, 423–424, 458, 484, 489–490, 496, 498, 634, 647–648, 665, 674
- U.S. position, 276–278, 310, 315–316, 422, 448, 489–491, 560, 648, 664, 666, 672, 686–687
- Western position, 239, 326–327, 405, 787
- Foreign Ministers conference agenda, 474, 485–486, 527
- British position, 342, 344, 397, 438, 494, 497, 500, 504–505, 510–511
- French position, 346, 396–397, 437–438, 496–498, 501, 503–510
- Soviet position, 397–398, 419–420, 423, 433, 435–438, 464, 468–469, 472–473, 475, 495–498, 500, 503–511
- U.S. position, 419–420, 437–440, 495–496, 498, 501, 504–508, 510, 565
- Western position, 470, 494
- French position, 365–366, 641–642, 672–673
- FRG participation (see also under
Summit Conference):
- French position, 656–657
- FRG position, 600–601, 623–625, 649, 675–676
- Soviet position, 473, 481, 484, 656–657, 688, 737–738
- U.S. position, 473, 623–625, 656
- Western position, 474, 708–709
- FRG position, 132, 147, 149–150, 153–154, 168,
235, 266–268, 418, 567–569, 665,
805
- FRG public opinion, 147–148
- And FRG NATO membership, 284, 406–407, 490,
575, 634, 721
- GDR participation (see also under
Summit Conference), 474, 485–486, 647,
649
- British position, 614–615
- French position, 394, 656–657
- FRG position, 134, 600–601, 623–625
- Soviet position, 390–391, 473, 481, 484, 647, 656–657, 737–738
- U.S. position, 473, 481, 623–625, 656
- Western position, 708–709
- German Democratic Republic, Soviet policy towards, 168, 251–252, 558,
618, 665, 703, 720–721, 747–748, 759, 795–796, 803
- And German NATO membership, 390–391, 399, 701–702, 707,
719, 721, 753
- Molotov statement, 720–722
- Oder-Neisse line, 132, 148–149, 154, 212
- Provisional security treaty proposal, 614–615
- Soviet position, 132, 155–156, 284, 465,
530–531,
538, 549, 575, 593, 752–753, 787–788, 801
- Summit Conference agenda, 191–192, 196,
239, 309–310, 323, 444
- U.S. position, 150, 219, 291,
365, 398, 549, 553, 666, 786–787, 800–801
- U.S. tactics, 616–617
- Western memorandum, 622–623, 629
- Western tactics, 326–327, 439,
443, 531–532, 677–678, 680–681, 689, 704–711
- British position, 320, 341–342, 344–345, 399–400
- French position, 346–347
- FRG position, 555–559, 649, 681n
- German Social Democratic Party position, 695–697
- U.S. position, 251, 345, 557, 564, 572–573, 599–600
- Germany (see also
Anschluss security guarantee
under
Austrian State Treaty; German
subheadings under other subjects; German
unification; German Democratic Republic;
Federal Republic of Germany):
- Assets in Austria, 23–25, 36, 42, 48, 58, 73, 94, 105
- And Austrian State Treaty, 13, 25–26, 33, 36, 43, 44n, 49–50
- Demilitarization (see also
Demilitarized zones
under
European security), 2, 133, 161, 211–212, 719–720
- France, relations with, 274, 291, 293
- Military potential of, 238
- NATO forces in, 625–627, 629, 710–711
- Neutrality, 1, 13, 334, 600
- British position, 341, 652
- French position, 151, 342, 346
- FRG position, 133, 154–155, 157, 292
- Soviet position, 13, 196, 320, 702
- U.S. position, 225, 292, 348, 384, 652, 696–697
- Occupation forces withdrawal, 133, 219, 222
- British position, 267–268
- Soviet position, 222, 596, 665, 738, 786
- U.S. position, 158n, 219, 279, 293, 295
- Peace treaty, 6, 145–146, 154
- Rearmament of, 11, 13, 54, 276–277, 334, 395,
786
- Gleason, S. Everett, 54, 59, 182–189, 268–283, 616–620, 747–749, 803–806
- Goodkind, Louis W., 605, 609–610, 669, 685, 690–691, 712, 714, 715n, 722–724, 733–734
- Goodpaster, Col. Andrew J., 124n, 306n, 340–341, 366–368, 428–429, 432–433, 442, 460
- Gowen, Franklin C., 471,
514–515, 537–539
- Gray, Gordon, 609, 742, 746
- Greece, 256, 658
- Grewe, Wilhelm, 309n, 570–571, 597, 615, 649, 674, 676, 695, 698
- Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich, 35, 372, 375, 380, 433, 754
- Gruber, Karl, 4–6, 16–19, 21–22, 24–25, 28–32, 49–50, 51n, 55
- Gruenther, Gen. Alfred M., 425–426, 428–429, 431, 442, 453, 460, 617, 625–626
- Ha Vinh Phuong, 667
- Hagerty, James:
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 777–778
- Summit Conference, 340, 366n, 371n, 372, 379,
388, 419n, 431,
460, 462n
- Hallstein, Walter:
- Federal Republic of Germany, 570–571, 584–585, 587–588, 591n
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 567,
597, 625
- German unification, 315n, 538
- Summit Conference, 167, 318, 515
- Hammarskjöld, Dag, 364, 366–368
- Hancock, Patrick F., 343n, 597, 670, 742, 792
- Handler, 589, 591,
676
- D’Harcourt, 669, 684–686, 711–712, 722–725, 732–734
- Harrison, Geoffrey, 151, 309n, 314, 343n, 381, 597, 704–710, 792
- Hayter, William G., 92–93, 343n
- Hensel, Struve, 186
- Heusinger, Lt. Gen. Adolf, 229
- Heuss, Theodor, 139
- Hitler, Adolf, 576, 579
- Hohler, Henry A.F., 656,
669, 693, 728–731
- Hollister, John B., 282
- Hood, Samuel, 223, 232, 502, 573, 597, 706, 792
- Hooper, Peter, Jr., 130n, 145
- Hoover, Herbert, Jr., 560, 614n, 642–643, 777–779
- Austrian State Treaty, 4–5, 7, 51–53, 105–106
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 620,
747–749,
777–779
- Soviet Union, 458, 578, 581,
678–680,
689
- Summit Conference, 130–131, 173,
177–180,
207–209,
305n
- Hoover, J. Edgar, 606–607
- Humphrey, George M., 184, 272, 278, 281–282, 617, 621, 642, 677n
- Hungary, 12, 55,
105, 110, 112, 165, 220, 295, 396, 550, 606, 749
- Ilichev, Ivan Ivanovich, 2–3, 35, 66–70,
73–77, 80–87, 92–95, 97–104, 106, 108–109, 441n
- Indochina, 308, 329, 369, 445–447, 457–458, 786
- International Atomic Energy Agency, 533
- International Control Commission, 445, 457
- International Cooperation Administration, 282n
- Iraq, 402, 427,
432, 493
- Italy, 174–175,
229, 254, 269, 513, 759–760
- Jackson, C.D., 216–217, 301–305
- Jackson, William H., 602–610, 643, 668, 678, 694, 715n, 740–741, 760–764, 776
- Jacquin de Margerie, Roland, 566n, 568, 667, 703–711, 742, 758
- Japan, 219–220,
247, 265, 270, 288, 290, 548, 552
- Jebb, Sir Gladwyn M.H., 121n, 129, 333
- Johnson, U. Alexis, 363, 703, 780
- Joint Chiefs of Staff, 53, 157–158, 186, 268–272, 276, 278–279, 617–618
- Jones, John Wesley, 1n, 4n, 30, 47n, 64n, 130n
- Joxe, Louis, 259–260, 493, 502, 792
- Jurgensen, Jean, 44n, 45n, 267
- Kemenev, V.S., 669, 682, 692–693, 694n, 728–731
- Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich,
93, 372, 377–378, 440, 554
- Disarmament, 456–457, 464, 529–530, 533
- European security, 441, 444, 479–480
- Foreign Ministers Meeting, 494, 499, 505,
509
- German unification, 435–436, 444
- Soviet Union:
- Federal Republic of Germany, relations with, 576, 579, 584–587, 595–596
- Foreign policy, 226, 227n, 611
- Political situation, 248, 378–380, 592
- United States, relations with, 371, 441n, 462, 479, 487, 541
- Summit Conference, 258–260, 362,
364n, 375, 398,
459, 490
- Khvostov, 693, 729–731
- Kidd, Coburn B., 1n, 138n, 156n, 539, 554n, 566n, 578n, 581n, 610n, 695, 703
- European security, 253, 571, 674
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 643,
667
- German unification, 573n, 597, 614–615, 649
- Soviet Union, 555, 567
- Summit Conference, 145, 153, 262,
514–515,
537
- Kirkpatrick, Ivone, 161–162, 343, 494, 502, 515, 571–573, 615, 652, 742, 792
- Knowland, William F., 226, 307, 435n, 532
- Kreisky, Bruno, 2, 10–12,
19, 22–26, 28–30, 37–39, 41–43, 57–58, 85
- Krekeler, Heinz L., 230, 232, 555, 557–558, 567–568, 570, 591n, 597
- Lalouette, Roger, 12, 62, 66n, 67, 73–77,
80–84, 93–95, 99–103, 107
- Lay, James S., 247, 268n, 287n
- Leishman, Frederick J., 253, 542
- Lemberger, Ernst, 16, 30
- Linebarger, Paul, 216–217
- Litvinov Agreement, 196, 240, 280
- Luce, Clare Booth, 620,
724
- Lyon, Cecil B., 128n, 130, 132n, 145, 190
- MacArthur, Douglas, II, 193n, 195n, 196n, 313n, 315n, 323n, 341n, 372, 388n, 578n, 614n,
630n, 631n, 649n, 770n
- Disarmament, 563, 636, 667,
670, 742–743
- East-West contacts, 566, 609–610, 643
- European security, 253, 255–256, 258n, 322, 560
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 588,
597, 681, 704, 706–708, 710–711, 780, 792,
794n
- German unification, 554, 559
- Soviet Union, 380, 605, 607
- Summit Conference, 197n, 209–213, 214n, 232,
363, 431–432, 487
- Procedures, 183–186, 190–192, 243
- Western tactics, 257, 262, 264–265, 305n, 318, 343
- Working Groups, 223, 381, 404, 419, 468
- McCardle, Carl W., 190, 201n, 340, 363, 381, 388, 404, 432, 636, 667, 792
- Mackenzie, Archibald R.K., 636, 670, 715, 717, 742
- Macmillan, Harold, 240, 466, 622
- Austrian State Treaty, 84, 88, 90–92, 104, 107, 113,
115
- Disarmament, 334–335, 351–352, 482–484, 628–630, 667,
789
- East-West contacts, 654–655, 772–773, 775,
784, 786
- East-West trade, 630–631
- European security, 323–324, 401,
406, 646–648, 786–787
- Demilitarized zones, 357–358, 625–627
- And German unification, 634,
659
- Germany’s neighbors, 719–720
- Molotov statement, 725–726, 734–735, 738–740
- Summit Conference agenda, 314,
319–321
- Western position, 239, 596, 599, 622–623, 639, 801
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 543,
600–601,
623–625,
632, 633n, 667,
709, 740, 750, 766, 780, 792–794
- Agenda, 486, 493, 499, 502–503, 597n
- British position, 632, 643
- Middle East, 636, 643, 651, 727, 754, 780
- Western tactics, 620–621
- German Democratic Republic, 233–234, 600–601, 623–625
- German unification, 332, 405, 407,
648, 657, 664, 666–667
- Elections, 673, 687–688
- Foreign Ministers Conference agenda, 438, 469, 471, 481
- Soviet position, 399, 786–788, 801
- Western position, 573, 639
- Summit Conference, 174, 178, 195n, 204–209, 233–234, 236, 362,
372, 381, 398
- Agenda, 191, 232, 383
- British position, 164n, 170n, 172, 176, 211, 304
- Procedures, 243, 245
- Timing, 193, 202–203, 214
- Magistrati, Massimo, 460,
513
- Makins, Roger M.:
- European security, 253–258, 313–314, 570
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 542–544, 596
- Summit Conference, 164–165, 191,
197, 203n, 204n, 209–213, 215, 223,
232, 262n, 273
- Malenkov, Georgii Maksimilianovich,
248, 258, 587
- Malik, Yakov Aleksandrovich, 398n, 502
- Manac’h, Etienne, 669, 729–731
- Marshall Plan, 122
- Martino, Gaetano, 174,
225
- Massigli, René, 129–130, 141–142, 333
- Matsu, 358, 416
- Mendès-France, Pierre, 30, 119–121, 124–131, 135
- Menthon, Pierre Bernard de, 637–638, 670, 715–717, 742
- Merchant, Livingston T., 1n, 20n, 33n, 44n, 64n, 97n, 124n, 128n, 130n, 132n, 143n, 158n, 195n, 196n, 197n, 315n, 323n, 341n, 364n, 368n, 379n, 453n, 457n, 493n, 499n, 573n, 578n, 581n, 610n, 614n, 630n, 631n, 636, 698, 749, 795n
- Austrian State Treaty, 5n, 16, 103
- Disarmament, 425n, 461, 742, 754
- East-West contacts, 502, 512
- European security, 253–256, 322,
566n, 571–572
- Federal Republic of Germany, 224, 228–232, 538, 550,
567–571,
676
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 494,
588, 596, 643, 651, 766, 767, 780,
792
- German unification, 256–257, 555–557, 649,
695–696
- Soviet Union, 147, 167, 258,
380, 462, 605
- Summit Conference, 190–191, 201n, 232,
243, 340, 362–363, 372, 376, 388,
431–432,
460, 487, 514
- Middle East, 769–770
- Mikoyan, Anastas Ivanovich, 35, 42–43, 93, 258
- Millikan, Max, 216–217
- Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich:
- Austrian State Treaty, 74, 90–91, 104, 116
- Soviet position, 1–12, 15n, 23, 35–38, 47–49, 88, 92–93, 107, 115, 175
- China, People’s Republic of, 463–464
- Disarmament, 251, 464, 482–484, 486,
635, 670–671, 715, 758,
780–782
- East-West contacts, 609n, 635, 654–655, 685, 740,
761, 768–769, 773–775, 783–786
- European security, 325–326, 644,
647–648,
658–659
- Foreign Ministers Conference agenda, 433–434, 436–439, 449, 468–471
- Foreign Ministers Conference statement, 720–722, 725–726, 734–737, 747–748
- And German unification, 634,
639–641, 686–687
- Soviet position, 700–702, 752–753, 786–788, 801
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 543–544, 588,
632–633,
651–675,
678, 742–743, 754, 766,
780
- Agenda, 486, 494–495, 502–503, 597–598
- Communiqué, 792–794
- Press relations, 705, 709–710
- Soviet position, 706–707, 711, 748, 767–768, 807
- German unification, 256, 397–398, 403–405, 407, 435–436, 689,
697, 738–739
- All-German council proposal, 665–667, 674
- Elections, 673, 677, 688, 703–704
- Foreign Ministers Conference agenda, 419–420, 440–441, 472–473, 481, 489
- GDR partcipation, 656–657, 664–665
- Soviet position, 465, 700–702, 720–722, 786–788, 801
- Middle East, 769–770
- Soviet Union:
- Federal Republic of Germany, relations with, 576, 585, 587
- Foreign policy, 270, 329, 359, 548, 611, 650
- Political situation, 226, 379, 380
- United States, relations with, 374, 541, 679
- Summit Conference, 181, 215, 317n, 345–346, 367, 398n, 482–484
- Agenda, 183, 243–246, 383–384, 387, 475
- Procedures, 247n, 308, 355–356
- Soviet attitudes, 258, 375, 382, 459
- Timing, 152, 159, 194, 202, 204, 208
- Mosely, Philip, 216–217
- Murphy, Robert, 51n, 124, 192, 201n, 230,
262, 578n, 581n, 779n
- National Intelligence Estimate 11–3–155, 271–272
- National Security Council:
- Action No. 1383, 59
- Austrian State Treaty, 52–54, 59–60, 64
- Documents:
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 616–620, 747–749, 803–805
- Germany, 805
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 805–806
- Soviet atomic weapons development, 748–749
- Summit conference, 182–189, 247–252, 268–283, 529–535
- Near East, 726, 778
- Nehru, Jawaharlal, 317, 330, 358, 457, 467
- Neutralism (see also under individual countries),
320, 370, 383–384, 534
- Ngo Dinh Diem, 445–447
- Nixon, Richard M., 177, 280, 306, 618–619, 621, 642, 677n, 748
- North Africa, 274, 446, 660
- North Atlantic Council, 88n, 116, 136, 167, 806–808
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (see also
Paris Agreements; Soviet
two-stage treaty proposal
under
European security):
- Austria, 16, 26, 110
- British position, 341, 395
- European security, role in:
- British position, 212, 254, 639
- French position, 354
- FRG position, 155–157, 310, 322, 324
- Soviet position, 370, 400, 406
- U.S. position, 292, 324, 349, 357, 542–544, 561
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 543–544, 779
- French position, 312, 342, 393–394
- FRG membership, 116,
153, 156–157, 265, 284,
291–292,
406–407,
490, 634, 721, 805–806
- German membership, 133
- British position, 161, 211–212, 253, 646
- French position, 346–347, 394, 641, 719, 787
- FRG position, 538, 753
- Soviet position, 289, 386–387, 390–391, 399, 498, 641, 647, 701–702, 707, 737, 753, 787
- U.S. position, 219, 291–293, 393, 562, 564, 616–617
- Soviet position, 370, 385, 395,
399, 409, 458, 576, 735
- And Summit Conference, 233
- U.S. position, 146, 220, 291,
315–316,
392–393,
406, 411, 438, 441, 801
- Western position, 327
- Norway, 110, 255–256, 563
- Nuclear weapons. See
Atomic weapons.
- O’Connor, Roderic L., 432, 439n
- Ollenhauer, Erich, 225, 676, 694–699, 703, 708
- Open Skies proposal. See under
Disarmament.
- Operations Coordinating Board, 52–53, 146
- Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC), 31
- O’Shaughnessy, Elim, 132–134, 566n, 567, 591n
- Palmer, Joseph, II, 130n, 138n, 143n, 145, 315n
- Paris Agreements (see also
North Atlantic Treaty Organization: FRG membership), 170,
211
- And Austrian State Treaty, 2–3, 6–9, 11, 15–16, 18
- British position, 3, 139
- And European security, 155–157, 316,
327, 407
- French ratification of, 23, 120, 124–131, 138–139, 141–142
- FRG position, 9, 130–131, 147, 537
- And Saar issue, 138–140
- And Soviet foreign policy, 548, 551
- Soviet position, 1, 8–9, 11, 13, 127, 249, 458, 575–576, 673,
721
- And Summit Conference, 119–122, 123n, 125,
130–131,
135, 137–142, 163, 169–170, 307
- U.S. position, 138–141, 143,
805–806
- Penfield, James K., 2–3
- Perkins, George W., 806–808
- Pervuhkin, Mikhail Geogievich, 258, 260
- Pettee, George, 216–217
- Phleger, Herman, 405n, 493n, 502, 560, 614n, 649n
- China, People’s Republic of, 466, 636, 703
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 432,
494, 565, 597, 651, 667, 792
- Soviet Union, 605–606, 608–610
- Summit Conference, 262, 263, 372,
381, 388, 404, 419, 431, 468, 487
- Pinay, Antoine:
- Austrian State Treaty, 88, 90–92, 107, 113,
115, 175
- Disarmament, 338–339, 349, 351, 353,
483–484,
745, 751–752
- East-West contacts, 240, 653, 668–669, 684,
760, 774–775, 784–786
- European security, 324–325, 566n, 646,
648, 664, 704–707, 710–719, 760,
801
- Federal Republic of Germany, 225, 238
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 473,
621, 632, 643, 651, 675, 681, 708,
727
- France, 229, 382, 652
- German unification, 405–407, 437–438, 469,
471, 481, 622–623, 641–642, 648,
664, 666, 672–673
- All-German council proposal, 687
- FRG participation, 656–657
- Western memorandum, 622–623, 629
- Paris Agreements, 139–140, 143
- Summit Conference, 138, 153, 176–177, 194–195, 201–203, 205,
233, 244, 381
- Agenda, 232, 383
- Opening statements, 333–335, 358–360
- Timing, 193n, 197–198, 207, 214
- Western tactics, 236, 343, 439
- Working groups, 134–135, 141
- Pink, I.T.M., 636–638, 667, 670, 715–717, 742, 792
- Poland, 148, 276
- European security, 253–254, 324,
396, 407, 658, 666, 706, 720, 737
- Soviet Union, relations with, 168,
293, 295
- Possony, Stefan, 216–217
- Pushkin, Georgii Maksimovich, 169, 792
- Quantico Vulnerabilities Panel, 216–220, 453n
- Quemoy, 356, 416
- Raab, Julius:
- Austrian State Treaty, 2n, 14n, 23–24, 28–29, 44–46, 47n, 51,
56, 96,
111–112
- Moscow visit, 15, 19–22,
26–27, 30, 34
- Neutrality, 39, 55, 57–58
- Occupation forces withdrawal, 42, 79, 109–110
- Germany, 54, 153–154
- Summit Conference, 201
- Radford, Adm. Arthur W., 239, 442n, 460, 466, 617
- Atomic weapons, 384–386
- Disarmament, 429, 434, 453n
- East-West trade, 281, 609
- European security, 278–279, 315,
479, 617
- Radio Free Europe, 280, 729, 762
- Reinstein, Jacques J., 145, 158n, 190, 614
- Rockefeller, Nelson A., 134, 298–301, 305–306, 400n, 404, 419n, 425, 442, 453n, 460, 471, 609
- Roux, Jacques, 457, 458n
- Rumania, 105, 220,
295, 607
- Russell, Francis, 630n, 631n, 636, 643, 661, 740
- Saar, 137–140,
558, 675
- Sauvagnargues, Jean-Victor, 232, 597, 670, 792
- Schaerf, Adolf, 2n, 19,
22–23, 25, 30, 44–45, 57–58, 96, 109, 111–112
- Schoener, Josef, 22, 58
- Schulz, Col. Robert, 372n, 472
- Scott, Robert, 560, 562–563, 565, 588
- Semenov, Vladimir S., 9,
11–12, 576
- Seydoux, François, 151,
155–156
- Six-Power Conference issue. See
Five- or Six-Power conference proposal
under
China, People’s Republic of.
- Smith Bromley, 308, 529n
- Sobolev, Arkady Aleksandrovich,
244, 767, 780, 788, 792
- Soldatov, Aleksandr Andreevich, 386–387, 460–462
- Soutou, Jean, 597, 709
- Soviet Union (see also
Austrian State Treaty; East-West contacts; East-West trade;
Soviet subheadings under other subjects), 147, 187, 723
- Atomic energy, 533, 586, 668,
693
- China, People’s Republic of, 10, 168, 219,
249, 491–492
- Economic assistance, 227, 248, 463, 530, 592
- Summit Conference participation, 180–181, 288
- U.N. membership, 290, 370, 416
- Disarmament, 635, 751, 756–759
- Foreign Ministers statement, 781, 789–791
- Inspection systems, 251, 412–413, 804–805
- Proposal of July 21, 1955, 519–520
- Proposal of May 10, 1955, 183–184, 222, 236, 288, 334, 369, 449–450, 455, 482, 492, 548, 551–552, 752
- Summit Conference agenda, 199–200, 223
- Economic situation:
- FRG position, 147, 168, 235
- Soviet position, 259, 374–375, 378, 418
- U.S. position, 221–222, 226–227, 248, 264–265, 284, 548, 569
- Egypt, arms sales to, 402, 644n, 650
- Federal Republic of Germany, relations with, 224–225, 555, 585–587, 593–594, 634,
723
- British position, 236, 238
- And foreign policy, 222, 288, 307, 369, 548, 552
- FRG public opinion, 322, 391
- German unification, 531, 538, 555–559, 567–569, 574
- Prisoners of war, 235, 544, 575–576, 581–585, 587
- U.S. position, 238, 544–546, 573–575, 578, 581, 583–584, 587–588, 595
- Foreign Ministers Conference communiqué, 792–794
- Foreign policy, 2, 154–155, 163, 236,
249, 402
- Economic situation effects on, 147, 168, 221–222, 226–227, 235, 248, 264–265, 284, 548, 569
- FRG position, 168–169, 258
- U.S. position, 173, 185, 226–227, 247–252, 268–273, 275, 288–290, 307, 548–553, 611–613, 796, 804
- German Democratic Republic, relations with, 545, 595–596
- Indochina, 329, 369, 786
- Japan, 247, 270, 288, 548, 552
- Near East, 726, 778
- Political situation, 379–380, 417–418, 592,
611
- Prisoners of war, 40, 235, 328–329, 417,
544, 575–576, 579, 581–585, 587
- Stalin’s death, 221, 248, 271,
289
- United States, relations with (see also
East-West trade):
- Arms race, 247, 410–411, 586, 592–593, 606
- Cultural exchanges, 252, 374, 386
- Exchange of persons, 678–680
- Summit Conference, 371–376, 382, 408–411, 417, 487–488, 540–541
- Trade relations, 723–724
- U.S. policy towards, 193, 216–220, 287–288, 290, 553–554
- West, relations with, 359–360
- Yugoslavia, relations with, 222, 227, 248,
288, 307, 369, 399, 542, 548–549, 551
- Spain, 400, 660
- Speier, Hans, 216–217
- Stalin, Josef, 248, 289, 307, 380, 399, 552
- Stassen, Harold E., 281, 617
[Page 827]
- Disarmament, 183–184, 276–278, 285–286, 337–339, 400–401, 742
- Open skies proposal, 428–429, 434, 453n, 532
- U.S. position, 237, 425, 618–619, 718, 788, 791
- Foreign Ministers Conference, 419n, 746,
754, 770, 780
- Summit Conference, 404, 420, 442n, 460,
499n, 728
- Stoessel, Walter J., Jr., 605–607, 669, 692, 694, 728–731
- Streibert, Theodore C., 530, 551n
- Sullivan, Charles A., 253, 255, 262, 264–265, 311, 597
- Summit Conference (see also
Foreign Ministers Conference agenda
subheadings; Four-power
conference proposals; individual subjects
discussed):
- Agenda, 159, 196, 325–326, 383–384, 475
- British position, 135–136, 210–211, 213
- FRG position, 148
- Soviet position, 196, 246n, 251
- U.S. position, 159, 166, 237–239, 300
- Approaches to the Soviet Union, 179,
195, 215, 241
- British position, 127n, 152–153
- French position, 126–128, 197–198
- U.S. position, 119–121, 124–125, 128, 130–131, 144, 159–160, 171–172, 174
- British position, 160–161, 164–165, 170n, 176,
203–205,
210–214,
273
- Chinese People’s Republic participation, 180–181, 187–188, 297
- Communiqué, 511–512
- Declaration of principles, 263–264, 312n, 317–318, 330–331
- Documentation, 361–363
- Five- or Six-power conference proposal. See
under
China, People’s Republic of.
- Foreign Ministers directive, 527–528
- French position, 141–142, 155–156, 161–162, 202,
333
- French public opinion, 151, 273
- FRG participation (see also under
German unification), 151, 153, 169, 233–234
- FRG position, 153–156, 169–170, 234–235, 514,
537–540
- GDR participation (see also under
German unification), 169, 233–234
- Length of, 150, 203–208, 213, 243–244, 246
- Location, 152, 156, 159, 173, 176,
181, 190–191, 194, 197–198, 205,
208
- National Security Council discussions, 182–189, 268–283, 529–535
- NATO involvement, 137, 140,
151, 177, 233, 265, 311, 339, 341
- Opening statements, 325, 340, 342,
345–348,
355–356,
359–360
- France, 333–335, 342, 346–347, 349, 365–366
- Soviet Union, 369–371, 384–386
- United Kingdom, 210, 368–369
- United States, 341, 343–344, 360, 365
- And Paris Agreements, 119–122, 123n, 125,
130–131,
135, 137–142, 163, 169–170, 307
- Press relations, 177, 242, 245–246
- Procedures and protocol, 241–246, 335,
356
- Public opinion, 174, 234, 237,
308
- Significance of, 530, 539–540, 546, 554,
602, 796–799, 803–804
- Soviet attitudes, 375, 382, 398,
430, 459, 486, 537–540
- Soviet position, 120, 181, 199–201, 259–260, 378,
487, 552
- Soviet relations with the United States, 488–489
- Soviet tactics, 156, 222, 232,
284, 326–327, 329–331
- Timing, 123n,
152, 156, 159, 161, 163, 173, 180–182, 197–198, 307
- British position, 135, 139, 204–205
- French position, 139, 201–202, 214
- U.S. position, 119–122, 125, 130–131, 136–141, 159, 193–194, 207–208
- U.S. position, 158, 170–173, 177–180, 301–308, 333, 547–550, 797–798
- U.S. tactics, 185, 191–193, 218–219
- Western tactics, 196, 257, 269,
284–285,
318, 330–331
- French position, 236, 311–312
- FRG position, 234–235, 315
- U.S. position, 239–240, 262–266, 273, 280–281, 287, 298–301, 305, 309–310, 315–316
- Working groups, 144–145, 159–160, 162–164, 190,
194–195,
223, 233, 325–331
- Agenda, 145–146
- British position, 127, 203, 205
- French position, 129, 134–135, 138n, 141–142, 151–152, 202–203, 214
- FRG participation, 129–131, 135–136, 138, 140, 144, 151, 153
- FRG position, 123n, 134
- NATO participation, 140, 151
- And Saar issue, 137–140
- U.S. position, 128–131, 137, 140, 143–144, 151, 159–160, 178–179, 206, 208–209
- Supreme Headquarters, Allied Powers, Europe (SHAPE), 220, 392
- Suydam, Henry, 589n, 633,
643, 651, 661, 667, 682, 703, 727, 740, 750, 754, 770
- Sweden, 9, 13, 25, 68, 112
- Switzerland, 35, 37,
38, 41, 42, 48, 55, 68, 112
- Thompson, Llewellyn E., 180n, 363, 372n, 380, 404, 432, 471
- Austria, 25, 80–81, 89, 109, 111–112
- Austrian State Treaty, 1–2, 4, 6–7, 11–14, 19–20, 21n, 22, 28, 43, 86
- Economic agreements with the Soviet Union, 69–70,
73–75, 87, 93–94,
96–100, 103–105, 116
- Economic consequences, 77–79, 108–109
- Neutrality, 10, 34n, 42, 57–58, 60, 68,
82–84, 106–107, 113–115
- Territorial integrity guarantee, 23–24, 45–46,
55–56, 61–64, 65n, 85
- U.S. position, 26, 29, 66n, 72n, 88n, 101–102
- Soviet Union, 375–376, 419n
- Thomson, Charles A.H., 216–217
- Thring, Rear Adm. George A., 636, 670, 715–718
- Thurston, Ray L., 119n, 128n, 130n
- Tippetts, R.B., 669, 685, 690, 692, 711–713, 722–724, 732–733
- Tito, Josip Broz, 551, 760
- Trieste, 304, 375
- Troianovskii, Oleg Aleksandrovich, 244, 355, 372, 380, 408, 433, 440, 488, 494, 754, 767, 780, 788, 792
- Tuapse incident, 464,
732
- Turkey, 256, 563
- Tyler, William R., 16, 119n, 128n, 136n,
137, 138n, 145, 338, 432, 513n, 614, 667
- United Kingdom (see also United Kingdom, British and
Western subheadings under other subjects), 161, 177, 290, 336, 357–358, 402, 427, 432, 445–446, 493, 745, 792–794
- United Nations:
- Austrian State Treaty, 46, 63–64, 120, 126
- Austrian membership, 34, 37, 40, 49, 57, 63, 89–90, 106
- Charter:
- Disarmament, 461, 751
- European security, 275, 294, 316, 438, 448, 517, 708, 787
- Summit Conference declaration of principles, 264, 312n, 317, 330
- Chinese People’s Republic membership, 252, 273, 290, 370,
416
- Disarmament, 261, 471, 565
- British position, 236, 261, 321, 369, 445
- French position, 352, 361, 454, 751
- Soviet position, 484–485, 491, 534
- U.S. position, 321, 352, 442–443, 483
- Western position, 328, 331
- Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), 728
- European security, 149, 157, 369
- Germany, 149
- U.S. Information Agency (USIA), 186, 273, 606
- U.S. information programs, 146, 530, 729
- Upravlenye Sovetskogo Imushchestva v Avstrii (USIA, Administration of Soviet Property in Austria), 42, 46, 77–79
- Van Zeeland plan, 257, 320
- Verosta, Stephen, 22, 31, 58
- Vietnam, 175, 220
- Vinogradov, Sergei Aleksandrovich,
225, 235, 502, 568, 704, 792
- Voice of America, 729, 762
- Wainhouse, David W., 667, 670, 715–718, 741n, 742
- Wallinger, Geoffrey:
- Austrian State Treaty, 2–3, 12, 62, 66–68, 79–84, 86, 100–101
- British position, 73, 75–77,
95, 102–103, 108–109
- Economic agreements with the Soviet Union, 69, 73–74, 93–94,
96n,
98–99
- Walmsley, Walter N., Jr., 92–93, 199–201, 258–260, 595–596
- Walters, Lt. Col. Vernon, 343, 358, 366, 442, 462n, 471
- Warsaw Pact (see also
Soviet two-stage treaty proposal
under
European security):
- European security, role in, 310, 334, 342,
349, 370, 385, 400
- GDR membership, 490
- German membership, 647, 719
- U.S. position, 315–316, 320,
322, 324, 342, 349, 357, 385, 387,
543, 561, 563
- Watson, J.H. Adam, 137–138, 253, 255–258, 261n, 560, 564
- Weber, Heinz, 224, 232, 597
- Western European Union (WEU)
(see also
Soviet two-stage treaty proposal
under
European security), 18,
121, 341, 720
- Arms Control Agency, 125–126
- European security, role in, 146, 154, 161,
276, 278, 310, 321, 322, 342, 639
- French position, 312, 342, 801
- FRG membership, 153, 155, 407
- FRG position, 556
- German participation, 292, 334, 346–347, 387,
390–391,
617, 641, 647
- Soviet position, 120, 270, 321,
370, 385, 406, 735
- U.S. position, 315–316, 801
- Western security organizations. See
Brussels Pact; North Atlantic
Treaty Organizations; Western European
Union
- Whitman, Ann, 339, 362, 398n,
408n, 777
- Wilkinson, Peter, 243,
493n, 494, 509
- Willis, Francis, 60, 462n, 471,
715
- Wilson, Charles E., 54, 186, 278, 280, 282, 533, 617, 636, 651, 748
- Wolf, Henry D., 145, 156, 253, 262, 309n, 311, 318n, 388n, 401n, 597, 779n
- World economic conference proposal, 329–330, 382
- World Health Organization (WHO), 668
- Young, Geoffrey, 32, 597
- Young, George, 32, 742
- Young, Kenneth, 457n,
458
- Yugoslavia, 13, 86
- Austrian State Treaty, 75–76, 95, 102
- European security, 256, 562, 657–658
- Soviet Union, relations with, 222,
227, 248, 288, 307, 369, 399, 542,
548–549,
551
- United States, relations with, 534,
760
- Zarubin, Georgyi N., 244, 355, 386–387, 460–462, 502
- Zhukov, Georgii Konstantinovich,
358, 375, 378, 408–411, 413–416, 444, 479, 486–487, 494
- Disarmament, 456–457, 464, 480, 491
- Eisenhower conversations,
304, 364, 371, 376n, 392, 402, 408–418, 436, 440,
488–490,
541
- European security, 411–412, 479–480, 489–490
- Soviet political situation, 379, 417–418
- Zhukov, Yuri, 486–487