United States economic and technical assistance policy toward the other American republics as a group 1

1. For previous documentation, see Foreign Relations, 1952–1954, vol. iv, pp. 186 ff.


56. Instruction From the Secretary of State to All Diplomatic Missions in the American Republics

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 820.00–TA/2–1555. Confidential. Drafted by Muna Lee, Public Affairs Adviser, Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, and approved by Sparks. Cleared by Robinson McIlvaine, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs; Krieg; Corliss; Hilton; Selma G. Freedman, Bureau of Economic Affairs; and Charles F. Johnson and Louis C. Mattison, U.S. Information Agency.


57. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Secretary of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 103–XMB/3–1355. Confidential. Addressed also to Under Secretary Hoover. Attached to the source text is a note from Overby to Hoover, dated March 31, which reads: “Returned per your request. Thanks very much.”


58. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Secretary of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 810.2612/3–1855. Official Use Only. Drafted by Nolan and initialed by Holland. Concurred in by Henderson; Bishop; Edward B. Wilber, Deputy Controller and Budget Officer; Corbett; and Neal.


59. Minutes of a Cabinet Meeting, The White House, Washington, March 25, 1955, 9:05–10:45 a.m.

Source: Eisenhower Library, Whitman File, Cabinet Meetings. Confidential. Prepared by Minnich.


60. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Under Secretary of State (Hoover)

Source: Eisenhower Library, CFEP Chairman Records. Confidential.


63. Letter From the Secretary of State to the Secretary of Commerce (Weeks)

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 810.2612/4–155. Drafted by Neal and Nolan.


64. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Under Secretary of State (Hoover)

Source: Department of State, OCB Files: Lot 62 D 430, Latin America—1955. Confidential. Drafted by Krieg at the request of Max Bishop, in response to an inquiry from Under Secretary Hoover concerning the desirability of the investment guaranty program.


65. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Under Secretary of State (Hoover)

Source: Washington National Records Center, ICA Director’s File, FRC 61 A 32, Box 309, Latin America. Confidential.


66. Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rockefeller) to the President

Source: Department of State, E Files: Lot 60 D 136, Papers From Mr. Waugh. Confidential. Rockefeller sent a copy of this memorandum to Assistant Secretary Holland under cover of a letter dated June 1, in which he stated in part the following: “I would appreciate very much having your reactions to this as a useful course of action.”


67. Letter From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Special Assistant to the President (Rockefeller)

Source: Department of State, E Files: Lot 60 D 136, Papers From Mr. Waugh. Confidential.


68. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Acting Secretary of State

Source: Washington National Records Center, ICA Director’s File, FRC 61 A 32, Box 309, Latin America. Confidential. Routed through the Executive Secretariat, under a covering memorandum by Holland to the Acting Secretary which reads: “I am sending you a longer memorandum opposing the extension by ICA of soft loans in Guatemala and Bolivia. Bearing on the same subject, however, I have just been advised by Eximbank and IBRD standards Bolivia is ‘all loaned up’, and they have been told so.” Copies of the memorandum, which is unsigned, were sent to Hollister, Waugh, and Nolting.


69. Memorandum From the Deputy Director for Operations (FitzGerald) to the Director of the International Cooperation Administration (Hollister)

Source: Washington National Records Center, ICA Director’s File, FRC 61 A 32, Box 309, Latin America. Transmitted to Hoover under cover of a memorandum dated September 12 from DeWitt L. Sage, Assistant to Hollister, at the latter’s request.


70. Memorandum From the Director of the Office of International Financial and Development Affairs (Corbett) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Kalijarvi)

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 103–XMB/10–1955. Confidential. The source text bears the following handwritten notation initialed by Kalijarvi: “This should go back to Holland for him to take up with me.”


71. Memorandum From the Acting Regional Director for Latin American Operations (Atwood) to the Assistant to the Director of the International Cooperation Administration (Sage)

Source: Washington National Records Center, ICA Director’s File, FRC 61 A 32, Box 309, Latin America.


72. Memorandum From Philip P. Williams of the Office of Regional American Affairs to the Director of the Office (Cale)

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 820.00–TA/10–1855. Limited Official Use. A covering memorandum of October 18 from Williams to Bernbaum is not printed. It suggests that in view of Cale’s effort to ascertain the views of ARA desk officers on the general subject of the technical cooperation program, OSA desk officers might wish to comment on the paper.


73. Memorandum From the Director of the Office of Regional American Affairs (Cale) to the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland)

Source: Department of State, ARA/REA Files: Lot 63 D 87, FY 1957. Secret. Drafted by Williams.


74. Letter From the Acting Secretary of State to the Secretary of the Treasury (Humphrey)

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 820.10/11–1055. Confidential Drafted by Holland and cleared with Prochnow, Kalijarvi, Radius, and Corbett.


75. Letter From the Secretary of the Treasury (Humphrey) to the Acting Secretary of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 820.10/11–1455.


76. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Secretary of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.20/12–1355. Secret. A handwritten notation on the source text indicates that the Secretary saw this memorandum.


77. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Secretary of State

Source: Department of State, ARA/REA Files: Lot 63 D 87, FY 1957. Secret.


78. Memorandum From the Special Assistant for Mutual Security Affairs (Hill) to the Acting Secretary of State

Source: Department of State, ARA/REA Files: Lot 63 D 87, FY 1957. Secret.


79. Memorandum of a Conversation, Department of State, Washington, December 28, 1955

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 820.10/12–2855. Confidential. Drafted by Sanders.


80. Letter From the President of the Export-Import Bank (Waugh) to the Under Secretary of State (Hoover)

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 103–XMB/1–1656.


81. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Secretary of State and the Under Secretary of State (Hoover)

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 103–XMB/1–1756. Top Secret.


82. Memorandum of a Conversation, Department of State, Washington, January 18, 1956

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 103–XMB/1–1856. Confidential. Drafted by Waugh. Another memorandum of this conversation, dated January 18, drafted by Holland, is ibid.


83. Memorandum of a Conversation, Department of State, Washington, January 27, 1956

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 103–XMB/1–2756. Official Use Only. Drafted by Rosenson.


84. Memorandum From the Deputy Director for Operations (FitzGerald) to the Director of the International Cooperation Administration (Hollister)

Source: Washington National Records Center, ICA Director’s Files, FRC 61 A 32, Box 309, Latin America. Official Use Only.


85. Memorandum of a Conversation, Department of State, Washington, April 26, 1956

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 411.2341/4–2656. Confidential. Drafted by McGinnis.