Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961–1963, Volume
XIV, Berlin Crisis, 1961–1962
Index
- Access (see also
Access harassment; Contingency
planning; German Democratic Republic access control):
- air access (see also
air access crisis
under
Access harassment; airlift under Contingency planning; U.N. guarantee/observer proposals), 290–291, 394–395, 407, 409–411, 578–579
- British position, 697
- civilian vs. military traffic, 134,
174, 599–600, 604–605
- corridor proposals (see also international
supervision below), 114, 117, 461, 516,
531, 697, 713, 723
- detailed description of rights, 461
- free city proposals and, 466–467
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 134, 531, 599–600, 790
- international supervision (see also
corridor proposals above):
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 790
- Soviet position, 713, 723, 774–775, 784–786, 821
- U.S. position, 461, 722–723, 731, 741–742, 753, 768–770, 786–787, 798, 851
- Soviet position, 394–395, 409–410, 473,
578–579,
713, 723
- Soviet provocation accusations, 640
- Soviet separate treaty and, 421
- stabilization of existing procedures, 34
- tripartite reinforced division, 124
- U.S. troop movements, 640, 648, 755–756, 776
- worker control, 281–283, 730
- Access harassment (see also Access;
Berlin Wall; Contingency
planning; German Democratic Republic access control), 555–556
- air access, 555
- air access crisis, 792, 811–812, 821
- British position, 802n, 816, 836
- Congressional meetings, 838
- French position, 816–818
- German Democratic Republic access control and, 828, 862–863
- Soviet objectives, 814–815, 818–819, 828, 856–858
- U.S. Ambassadorial probe discussions, 847–848, 850, 859–861
- Western responses, 796–797, 800–802, 812–814, 816–818, 828–829, 836, 843–844
- Clay reports, 510–511
- French position, 14–16
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 524–525, 532–539, 544–545, 547–548, 551–555, 558,
565–566,
581–584,
776
- Berlin Wall and, 565, 583–584
- contingency planning, 498–502, 508–509, 557–558, 619
- negotiation proposals and, 533–536, 541, 554, 585–586
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 537–539, 541–543, 545–547, 564
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 9, 26, 48, 282, 288
- negotiation proposals and, 533–536, 541
- possibility of, 9, 14–16, 26, 31, 48, 57, 91, 161, 288, 805
- refugees and, 282
- Soviet blockade, possible, 48, 67, 174
- Soviet position, 67, 91, 721–722, 754
- Soviet separate treaty and, 65
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 537–539
- Watson incident (Dec. 23, 1961), 704
- West Berliners, 342–343
- Western responses (see also
air access crisis
above; criterion for
action
under Contingency planning: force, use of), 437–438, 463, 467–468, 704,
727–728,
777
- Acheson, Dean, 58, 60, 138–140, 229–230, 245–246
- contingency planning, 46, 115, 156–159, 188,
258–259
- airlift, 123, 154–155, 161
- economic countermeasures, 145–147, 154, 196
- emergency planning, 189–190, 193, 217, 220
- force, use of, 36–38, 116, 151–153, 155–156, 189, 254–256
- ICJ appeal, 112, 114
- preparedness demonstration measures, 115–116, 120–123, 142–148
- propaganda, 147–148, 263
- negotiation proposals, 40, 148–151, 162, 227–229, 245–259, 261,
490–492
- Achilles, Theodore C., 324n
- Adenauer, Konrad, 50–51, 758–759, 842
- Berlin Wall, 354–355, 591–592, 625
- contingency planning, 46–48, 51, 595n, 596n, 824–827, 830–831, 840–841
de Gaulle meeting, 637–639, 650, 659–660
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 629–630
- Kennedy, correspondence with, 223–224, 380, 389–391, 493–497, 527,
636–638,
641–642,
659–660
- Kennedy talks, 528, 532
- legal rights, 49–50, 608
- negotiation proposals, 593–594, 692–693, 810,
834, 840, 864
- U.N. headquarters/activities relocation proposal, 607–609
- U.S. visits, 21, 24, 45–51, 528, 532, 558–559, 562–563, 590–618, 620–634
- Adzhubei, Alexei I., 444–445, 634, 643, 681–682, 689, 780–784, 808, 821–822, 851
- Air access crisis. See under Access
harassment.
- Akalovsky, Alexander, 87n, 96n,
468n, 780n
- All-Berlin proposal, 69–70
- British position, 127
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 295–296, 531
- Soviet position, 722, 725, 753,
785
- U.S. position, 117, 241, 243–244, 251,
294, 596, 701–702, 723–726, 768–769
- Alphand, Herve, 13–16, 131, 366–368, 817–819
- Alsop, Joseph, 107, 331, 622
- Amory, Robert, 199
- Amrehn, Franz, 332–333
- Anderson, Adm. George W., 517
- Anderson, Robert B., 24
- Andronikov (USSR), 312, 807
- Armitage, John A., 71n
- Ausland, John C., 324n,
853n
- Austria, 321
- Bahr, Egon, 25, 668
- Ball, George W., 324n, 492–502, 596, 603, 789
- Behrendt (GDR), 2
- Beigel, Edgar J., 12
- Beitz (FRG), 11
- Belgium, 178, 434,
532
- Berlin (see also Access; Access
harassment; All-Berlin proposal; [Page 871]
Berlin Wall; Contingency
planning; Free city proposals; German
Democratic Republic access control; negotiation
proposals; West Berlin):
- confederation proposal, 725–726, 745
- Kennedy-Adenauer correspondence, 380, 389–391, 527,
636–638,
641–642,
659–660
- Kennedy-Khrushchev (Pen Pal) correspondence, 444–455, 502–508, 567–580, 634–636, 643–646, 681–691, 819–822
- legal rights, 52, 113–114, 737
- British position, 699, 702–703, 743
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 49–50,
597, 608
- Soviet position, 92, 95, 785–786
- U.S. position, 72, 88–89,
92, 604–605, 743–744
- NATO guarantee, 47–49
- Soviet policies toward, 6–7, 56–57, 75–77
- British position, 41, 816n
- French position, 12–13, 81,
650–651
- Khrushchev letter
(Feb. 17, 1961), 10, 12–13,
18, 22–23, 64, 69,
127
- tripartite discussions, 808–810
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 9–10,
26
- U.S. position, 129–130, 138–140, 173, 175, 192, 208, 237–238, 241–242, 245–246, 515–516, 705–706, 805–807
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 387
- U.S.-British discussions, 41–44
- U.S.-French discussions, 80–86, 312–316
- U.S.-German Federal Republic discussions, 8–11, 513–514, 527–532, 668–672
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 66–69, 202–207, 231–235
- U.S. policy toward, 69–70, 78–79, 514–516, 762,
793–795,
865–867
- Clay appointment, 369, 380, 382, 391, 557, 649, 854–856
- communication to Soviet Union, 16–20
- Congressional meetings, 837–839
- Kennan criticisms,
435–437, 706–708, 728, 802–804, 865
- quadripartite discussions, 223–224
- State Department papers, 33–34, 207–210
- U.S.-French discussions, 12–16
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 8–9, 22, 25,
29
- U.S. position, 174, 236–237, 246
- Berlin Airlift (1949), 85, 105
- Berlin Steering Group, 223, 259–260, 333–334, 347–349, 395–398
- Berlin Wall, 325
- British position, 338
- contingency planning, 379, 404–405, 443n
- economic aid to Berlin and, 733–734family visits, 671–672
- free city proposals and, 328
- Friedrichstrasse crisis and, 565, 583–584
- German Democratic Republic political situation and, 324, 437
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 326–328, 338, 530,
581
- negotiation proposals and, 331, 338, 342,
344, 711–712
- possibility of, 2–3, 32
- preparedness demonstration measures and, 338, 347–348
- refugees and, 32, 341–342, 464, 591–592, 625,
737, 753
- Soviet/German Democratic Republic motivations, 341–343, 364–365, 464–465, 591–592
- Soviet position, 581, 591, 721,
753
- U.N. appeal and, 347, 356
- U.S.-French discussions, 366–368
- U.S. position, 479, 737
- Western Ally restrictions, 364–366
- Western responses:
- Allied “patrols” increase, 336, 338, 361
- Commandant crossing, 365, 370–371
- Commandant protest, 327–329, 333–334
- cultural diplomatic measures, 329, 330n, 334, 340, 343, 358, 361, 789
- economic countermeasures, 330,
334, 337, 343, 358, 361
- force, use of, 370, 726–727, 761
- French position, 337–338, 361, 366
- Germany, Federal Republic of, military buildup, 338, 355
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 327–328, 329n, 332–334, 337–339, 345–346, 358, 374, 380–381, 625, 670
- Germany, Federal Republic of, public opinion, 333, 339–341, 349n, 350
- JCS position, 370–371
- Johnson visit to Berlin, 337, 348, 351, 354–358
- Leipzig Fair boycott. See cultural
diplomatic measures
above.negotiation
proposals, 625, 670
- propaganda, 330, 332, 334
- publicity, 349
- quadripartite discussions, 329–330, 337–339, 361–362
- Soviet Union protest note, 327, 329, 333, 338, 341
- three-power status proposal, 346, 353
- travel ban, 329, 330n, 331, 334, 337–339, 343, 358, 361
- tripartite statement, 347–348, 361, 366
- U.N. appeal, 347, 356
- U.S. position, 510, 776–777
- West Berlin garrison reinforcements, 334, 336, 338, 344, 346–348, 350–353, 356–358
- Bernau, Phyllis D., 760n
- Bohlen, Charles E., 16n, 388n, 415n, 709n, 714n, 736n, 741n, 768n, 772n, 819n, 846n, 850n
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 596, 603, 620
- Berlin Wall, 464–465
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 767
- German unification, 44
- negotiation proposals, 87, 403, 405–408, 464–465, 695n, 697–698, 700
- Soviet forces in West Berlin, 724n
- Soviet political situation, 41–42
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 41–42, 696, 701
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 281, 303, 405, 411,
415, 650, 661, 672
- Bolshakov, Georgi N., 544, 567n, 573n, 780
- Bolz-Zorin agreement, 417, 422, 793
- Border issues (see also German peace
treaty; German unification):
- British position, 280, 655, 696
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 10, 27, 490, 609–611, 623–624, 658,
864
- Soviet position, 67, 71, 91–92, 242, 460, 471,
807
- U.S. position, 70, 91, 124, 150–151, 228, 609,
611, 623, 697, 810
- Bovey, John A., 318n
- Bowles, Chester, 5–6, 117–118, 411, 431–433, 435, 439–441, 551, 553–554
- Brandin, Robert M., 324n, 789n
- Brandt, Willy, 281–282, 307, 668–671, 730, 843
- Berlin Wall, 326–327, 345–346, 348,
352, 355–357, 671–672
- Kennedy, correspondence with, 345–346, 352–353
- U.S. visit, 22, 25–30, 668–672
- Brentano, Heinrich von, 8–11, 46, 48, 64–65, 282, 493
- all-Berlin proposal, 295–296
- contingency planning, 48–49, 285–288, 299–303, 425–426
- German Democratic Republic access control, 290, 420
- German peace treaty, 9–10, 31–33, 48, 288–289
- German unification, 295
- inter-German relations, 290, 421–422
- negotiation proposals, 64, 295–296, 304–305, 414, 425–426
- West Berlin plebiscite proposals, 307–308
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 281–309, 411–427
- Brook, Sir Norman, 36,
41, 696, 701
- Brown, L. Dean, 366n
- Bruce, David K.E., 43–44, 59, 175, 460n, 514–516
- Bundy, McGeorge, 33n, 209n, 219n, 221–222, 227n, 268, 324n, 636n, 736n, 741n
- access harassment, 544n, 619, 704, 792,
813–814
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 603, 620
- all-Berlin proposal, 531
- Berlin Wall, 331, 333–334
- contingency planning, 62, 162–165, 176–177, 264, 462,
762
- air access, 384–385
- economic countermeasures, 192–193, 197–198, 217
- emergency planning, 189–190, 193–194, 197, 217, 225–226force, use of, 162–163, 198, 260, 392, 395, 397–398, 428, 487–489, 517–519
- naval countermeasures, 216–217
- German Democratic Republic access control, 262–263
- German peace treaty, 106
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on German and Berlin, 168, 227–230inter-German relations, 529–530
- negotiation proposals, 177, 217–218, 259, 330–331, 403,
588–589,
679, 696, 701–702
- propaganda, 259–260, 263
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 41, 102n
- U.S.-German Federal Republic discussions, 527
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply, 107–109
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 261–264
- Burdett, William C., 36n, 41n
- Burke, Adm. Arleigh A., 129–130, 161
- Cabell, Gen. Charles P., 395–396
- Caccia, Sir Harold, 36, 41, 102n, 111, 361–362, 405, 411, 415
- Canada, 179, 434
- Carstens, Karl, 599
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 46, 596, 599–600, 602–603, 620
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 281, 291, 299, 303,
411, 415, 420, 650, 661, 672
- Cash, Frank E., Jr., 71n, 119n, 184–185, 281n, 337n, 439n, 456n, 497n, 661n
- Chayes, Abram J., 267, 694–695
- China, People’s Republic of, 16, 41, 78, 230
- Clarke, Bruce, 350, 370
- Clay, Gen. Lucius D., 448, 603, 640, 726n, 747
- access harassment, 437–438, 463,
467, 510–511
- appointment as Special Representative in Berlin, 369, 380,
382, 557, 649, 854–856
- Berlin visit, 348, 351, 354
- Berlin Wall, 443n, 498–502, 761,
776–777
- contingency planning, 484, 510–511, 585–587, 854
- negotiation proposals, 585–586, 864
- reports, 509–513, 775–779
- Cleveland, Harlan, 36, 393n
- Conference of Non-Aligned Countries (Belgrade), 266
- Congo crisis, 10, 12, 29, 31,
203
- Congress, U.S. (see also
emergency planning under Contingency planning),
123, 146, 190, 837–839
- Contingency planning (see also German Democratic
Republic access control):
- air access, 37, 62, 290–291, 379–380, 384–385, 396,
456, 521, 811, 822–824
- airlift, 117, 163, 167,
292, 301–302
- British position, 38, 101, 279, 302
- French position, 85–86, 279, 302
- U.S. position, 39, 116, 121–123, 154–155, 161, 230–231, 257, 279, 320, 372–373
- Berlin Wall and, 379, 404–405, 443n
- British position, 14, 58, 152
- British/French participation, 128,
312–313,
323
- criterion for action, 58, 83, 658
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 374–375
- U.S. position, 60, 83, 151–153, 174, 264, 423, 484–485, 656
- diplomatic measures, 104, 288
- economic countermeasures, 164, 217, 268,
289, 317, 522
- British position, 279, 287–288
- French position, 86, 287–288, 412
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 287–288, 381, 826
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and
Berlin, discussions, 168, 187, 199–200, 214, 336
- NATO participation, 168, 187, 288, 412, 826
- NSC discussions, 192–193, 195, 197–198, 226
- U.S. position, 104, 145–147, 154, 217, 279, 283, 287–288, 321, 522, 561
- emergency planning, 162,
168, 184–185, 193–197, 209–212, 221
- military budget increase, 189–190, 193, 196–197, 209–210, 215, 225–226, 392
- National Emergency declaration, 189–191, 193, 195, 197, 209–210, 215, 217, 219–220, 284
- failure possibilities, 156–159
- force, use of (see also
preparedness demonstration measures
below):
- air access, 37, 62, 521
- Allied contributions, 198, 200–201, 215–216, 221, 226, 254–256, 322, 338, 456, 628–629
- British position, 100, 540
- criterion for action, 151–153, 174, 656, 658
- economic effects of, 221, 518, 549
- force levels, 63
- French position, 13, 174, 273–274
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 498–502, 508–509, 540, 557–558
- general war (see also
nuclear weapons below), 62, 83,
265, 414, 481–483, 523, 658
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 132–135, 201, 285–286
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 265
- land probe, 155–156, 174, 200–201
- British position, 38–39, 116, 121
- U.S. position, 62, 85, 105, 120–122, 128, 140–141, 155–156, 161, 265, 301, 560
- military planning (see also
preparedness demonstration measures
below; U.S. forces in Europe, expansion of below),
61–63, 85, 136–138, 186, 210–211, 395–398, 487–489
- British position, 653
- command, 300–301, 413, 510–511, 777–778, 818, 854–856
- French position, 300–301, 418
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 300, 513n, 528
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 300–301, 559, 831–832
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany
and Berlin, discussions, 167, 188, 200, 335–336
- NATO participation, 308, 317, 322, 372, 412–413, 492–493
- negotiation proposals and, 418, 653
- NSAMs, 162–163, 198, 520–523, 559–560
- nuclear weapons, 145–146, 266, 321–322, 372, 517–518, 520–521, 523
- Western Defense Ministers meeting, 260, 265–266
- Western Foreign Ministers meeting discussions,
299–303, 412–413
- NATO role, 215, 300, 336, 399
- negotiation proposals and, 297, 396–397, 592, 656
- nuclear weapons (see also general
war above):alternatives to, 34, 371–372
- British position, 121,
300–301
- communication to Soviet Union, 140–141, 161, 283, 363, 485, 521, 528
- control of, 145, 163, 172, 301
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 52, 527–528, 595n, 596n
- JCS position, 62, 135–136
- negotiation proposals and, 297, 592, 656
- planning, 145–146, 266, 321–322, 372, 517–518, 520–521, 523
- possibility of, 158–159, 273–274, 319, 656
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 203–204, 232–235
- U.S. position, 37, 47, 72, 79, 119–121, 141–142, 156, 170–172, 174, 286–287, 302, 516
- public opinion, 273–274
- Soviet capabilities, 399, 662, 809, 831
- Soviet response, 231–234
- special forces, 63
- U.N. appeal and, 396, 560
- U.S.-British discussions, 37
- U.S. forces in Europe, expansion of (see
also
military planning
above), 138n, 163–164, 189, 220, 392, 398–399, 428–429, 561
- U.S. position, 46–47, 265, 585–587
- worldwide theater, 320–321
- French position, 14–15, 83, 658
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 498–502, 508–509, 557–558, 619
- German Democratic Republic, possible uprising in, 379, 639,
647–648,
777, 853–854
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 40, 46–49, 51–55, 63, 65, 124, 128, 132–135
- force, use of, 132–135, 201,
285–286,
300, 513n, 528
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 26, 134–135
- ICJ appeal:
- British position, 126, 166
- French position, 126, 131, 166
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 126, 132–133
- U.S. position, 113, 116–117, 125–126, 249–250, 393, 426
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and Berlin, 119–124, 164–165, 167–169, 187–191, 227–230
- JCS discussion, 362–364
- Kissinger-Adenauer talks, 824–827, 830–831, 840–841
- NATO information, 49, 65, 222
- NATO participation (see also
preparedness demonstration measures
below), 38, 104, 176–177
- economic countermeasures, 168,
187, 288, 412, 826
- force, use of, 215, 300, 336, 399
- military planning, 308, 317, 322, 372, 412–413, 492–493
- NATO positions, 434–435
- preparedness demonstration measures, 284–285, 336, 338
- propaganda, 308, 310
- U.S.-British discussions, 115
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 53–54
- naval countermeasures, 145, 163, 188,
216, 373, 412, 424–425, 561, 833
- Allied participation, 216–217, 413
- British position, 412
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 425, 491, 527, 826–827, 841, 864
- neutral countries confidential meetings, 103–104
- Norstad meeting, 462
- phases of, 188–189, 198
- preparedness demonstration measures (see
also
military planning
under force, use of above), 115–116, 120–121, 309
- Berlin Wall and, 338, 347–348
- British position, 287, 305
- French position, 287, 413
- NATO participation, 284–285, 336, 338
- negotiation proposals and, 274–276, 293–294, 305, 413
- U.S. position, 142–148, 163–164, 283, 286–287, 399
- publicity, 23, 159–160, 164, 309,
779
- stockpiling, 26, 101, 115, 412
- tripartite discussions, 127–128
- tripartite participation, 15, 38–40, 518–519
- U.N. appeal (see also
ICJ appeal
above; Negotiation
proposals), 125–126, 133,
258–259,
267, 560, 702
- Uniting for Peace resolution, 702
- U.S.-British discussions, 36–40, 100–101
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 46–48, 46–49, 51–55, 830–834
- U.S. position, 24, 34
- worldwide countermeasures, 15, 61, 63, 523
- Couve de Murville, Maurice, 65, 272, 276, 283, 307–308
- contingency planning, 279, 285, 287–288, 302,
413
- force, use of, 273–274, 283–284, 299–302, 300–301, 412
- German Democratic Republic access control, 273, 289–290
- negotiation proposals, 272–273, 276,
280, 296–298, 368n, 413, 651–652, 658
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations, 663–664, 666–667, 673–675, 677
- Foreign Ministers meeting proposals, 271–272, 277, 413–414, 641
- Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New
York), 304, 405–408, 416–417
- timing, 270, 304
- West Berlin morale and, 654–655
- Western agenda, 417–418, 425
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 269–270
- Cuba, 12, 68, 74, 76
- Currien, Giles, 405
- Czechoslovakia. See Border issues.
- Davis, Richard H., 12, 14, 16n, 124, 324n,
853n
- Day, Arthur R., 329n, 424n, 463n, 467n, 587n, 727n
- de Carbonnel, Charles, 269, 281, 291, 299, 303
- de Gaulle, Charles, 80–86, 312, 623–624
- Adenauer, meeting with, 637–639, 650, 659–660
- contingency planning, 85–86, 126, 166, 174
- German unification, 66, 231–232, 570
- Kennedy, correspondence with, 223–224, 368, 377–378, 493n, 525n, 716–719, 748–751
- negotiation proposals, 313–316, 368,
377–378,
481–482,
525–526,
549–550,
593–594,
621–622,
679–681,
700, 716–717, 748–750
- speech (Oct. 2, 1961), 481
- Dean, Sir Patrick, 36
- Decker, Maj. Gen. C.L., 517
- Defense, U.S. Department of, 188–189, 229, 508n, 853n
- Dillon, C. Douglas, 36, 161, 767
- Disarmament (see also
European security arrangements), 31, 73–75, 496, 507
- Dixon, Sir Pierson, 672
- Dobrynin, Anatoly F., 87, 794–795
- Dowling, Walter C., 7n, 8, 78n, 191–192, 513–514, 760, 842, 864
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 46, 596, 603,
620
- air access crisis, 796–797, 828–829, 836,
856–858,
862–863
- Berlin Wall, 328, 341
- contingency planning, 104–105, 824–827, 840–841
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 534n, 547n, 552n
- German Democratic Republic access control, 844–886, 862–863
- Kennedy-Adenauer correspondence, 497n, 641–642, 659–660
- negotiation proposals, 103, 692–693, 834, 840,
864
- Soviet memorandum (Dec. 27, 1961), 756–757
- Dulles, Allen W., 195, 333, 349, 462
- Dulles, John Foster, 47, 52, 59–60
- Ebert (E. Berlin Mayor), 28
- Eckhardt, Felix von, 603
- Eddleman, Gen. Clyde, 215
- Eisenhower, Dwight D., 349
- Ellis, Frank B., 196
- Erhard, Ludwig, 732–735
- Etzdorf, Hasso von, 8
- European integration, 175, 841
- European security arrangements:
- British position, 659
- French position, 483
- German arms limitations, 242, 393, 471–472, 474
- Germany, Federal Republic of, arms limitations:
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 616, 625–626
- Soviet position, 56, 459, 474, 516
- U.S. position, 466, 616–617, 620–621, 625–626
- Germany, Federal Republic of, neutralization, 516, 658–659
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 27, 530, 613–614, 616, 625–629, 658,
833
- Germany, foreign forces in, reduction, 68, 473–474, 613–614, 627–629
- negotiation proposals and, 239, 251–253
- Rapacki Plan, 242, 474
- Soviet position, 56, 68, 242, 456–457, 459, 461,
471–474,
516
- U.S. position, 239, 294, 393,
459, 466, 496, 613, 616–617, 620–621, 625–626, 628–629
- Fanfani, Amintore, 279, 292, 446
- Farrell, Adm., 123–124
- Fessenden, Russell H., 159n, 431n, 439n, 456n, 492n
- Festing, Sir Francis, 269, 281, 291, 299–300, 303
- Finland, 554, 651
- Finletter, Thomas K., 178–179, 383, 433n, 435
- Fleiderer (FRG), 531
- Ford Foundation, 733
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 22–23, 132n, 259, 264–265, 267–268, 316–318, 405–408, 698n, 744
- Fowler, Henry H., 187, 190, 200, 267, 333, 336
- France (see also
Contingency planning; France, French, tripartite,
quadripartite, and Western subheadings under other subjects):
- Free city proposals (see also
U.N. guarantee/observer proposals), 41–42
- access and, 466–467
- Berlin Wall and, 328
- four-power forces proposals, 19, 472–473, 476, 479,
575–576
- French position, 12–13, 273
- German peace treaty and, 19, 572
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 117–118
- Mansfield speech, 117–118
- Soviet position, 19, 88, 206, 449, 461,
472, 568, 571–573, 657, 689, 723–724
- U.N. headquarters/activities relocation proposal, 393, 426,
451, 516, 607–609, 671
- U.S.-British discussions, 42–44
- U.S. position, 17, 67, 108, 151, 516,
731–732,
742, 769, 787
- Western version, 393, 423, 426
- Freeman, Orville L., 333
- Freshman, C. Arnold, 732n, 789n
- Friedrichstrasse crisis. See under
Access harassment.
- Froment-Meurice, 291, 299, 303
- Frontier issues. See Border issues.
- Gaitskell, Hugh, 175
- Gavin, James M., 12, 312, 481–484, 525–526, 549–550
- German Democratic Republic access control (see also
Access harassment; Contingency
planning; German peace treaty: Soviet separate
treaty), 3–4
- agency principle, 51, 59–61, 289
- air access crisis and, 828, 862–863
- British position, 40, 152, 230,
273
- civilian vs. military traffic and, 174
- document stamping, 152, 229–230, 262–263, 266
- French position, 82, 273, 289
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, and, 277
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 48, 51, 420–421
- inter-German relations and, 290, 601–602, 605–606
- international access supervision and, 774–775
- negotiation proposals and, 846
- peel-off procedure, 58–59, 105, 289
- refugees, 272
- Soviet intentions, 40, 48, 67, 93, 98, 242, 420
- Soviet position, 723, 738–739, 753–754, 773–775
- Soviet reverse agency proposal, 844–886
- U.N. guarantee/observer proposals and, 603, 606–607
- U.S.-German Democratic Republic discussion proposals, 230
- U.S. position, 83, 152–153, 320, 463,
485–486,
754
- German Democratic Republic (see also
European security arrangements; German Democratic
Republic subheadings under subjects; Inter-German
relations):
- economic situation, 2, 27–28
- political situation, 2, 191–192, 437, 612
- contingency planning, 379,
639, 647–648, 777, 853–854
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 134–135, 612–613, 842
- refugees and, 2–3, 26–27, 191, 324
- refugees (see also
Berlin Wall), 44, 75, 272
- access harassment and, 282
- Berlin Wall and, 32, 341–342, 464, 591–592, 625, 737, 753
- British position, 102
- German Democratic Republic political situation and, 2–3, 26–27,
191, 324
- Germany, Federal Republic of, policy toward, 282
- Soviet position, 242
- Steinstucken enclave, 442–443, 511, 555, 776
- U.S. position, 282, 364, 442–443
- Soviet Union, relations with (see also
German Democratic Republic access control; German peace treaty),
26
- U.S. policy toward, 210
- Western recognition, 60,
274, 466, 515, 606–607, 629
- British position, 57–58, 60,
100, 274, 277, 655, 699
- French position, 482
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 420, 466, 490, 606–607, 629–630, 767
- Soviet position, 457–458, 461, 657, 685, 721, 739
- German peace treaty (see also
Border issues; Negotiation
proposals):
- British position, 274
- free city proposals and, 19, 572
- French position, 82
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 31
- negotiation proposals and, 274, 276
- parallel treaties proposal, 244, 402–403, 448–449
- Soviet position, 18–20, 71, 87–88, 90–92, 203, 448–449, 469–471, 568,
571–572,
688
- Soviet separate treaty (see also German
Democratic Republic access control):
- British position, 43, 101–102
- French position, 314–315
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 32–33,
48, 50–51, 64, 288–289
- interim agreement and, 64, 244
- negotiation proposals and, 276, 314–315, 418
- Soviet intentions, 19, 55, 66–68, 88, 93–95, 98, 204, 206–207, 231–232, 859–860
- British position, 40
- French position, 13–14, 65
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 9–10, 22–23, 26, 420–421, 832–833
- U.S. position, 4, 7, 30–31, 57, 72, 79, 122, 205, 242, 363, 420, 494–495
- U.S. position, 66–67, 70,
72–73, 92, 94, 232, 798
- U.S. response, 50–51, 256–259
- U.S. position, 17, 91, 106, 240
- German unification (see also
Border issues; European
security arrangements; Germany, division of; Inter-German relations):
- all-German talks proposals, 64, 93, 363
- British position, 44, 280
- confederation, 175, 725
- French position, 15, 66, 231–232, 570,
749
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 28, 64, 295, 485, 490, 529,
611–612,
630
- inter-German relations and, 611–612
- negotiation proposals and, 485, 490, 529
- neutralization, 44, 749
- plebiscite proposals, 280, 294–295
- self-determination. See plebiscite
proposals
above.
- Soviet policy, 15, 28
- Soviet position, 18–19, 66, 88, 93, 231–232, 570, 725
- Soviet-Germany, Federal Republic of, relations and, 615
- U.S. position, 34, 72, 79, 107, 161, 174, 505,
515, 530
- Western orientation, 207–208
- Germany, division of (see also
Berlin Wall; German Democratic Republic: Western recognition; German
unification):
- French position, 12–13, 15
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 421
- Soviet position, 88, 459–460, 570
- U.S. position, 7, 17, 20, 175, 244, 736–737
- Western acceptance, 448
- Germany, Federal Republic of (see also Access;
Berlin; European security arrangements; Germany,
Federal Republic of, quadripartite, and Western subheadings under other
subjects; Inter-German relations):
- British forces in, 115
- economic situation, 21–23, 28
- Khrushchev letter (Feb. 17,
1961) reply, 64, 69, 127
- Kroll-Khrushchev meeting, 580–581, 589–591, 630, 635,
698
- military buildup (see also
European security arrangements), 30, 74, 91, 204, 338, 355,
568
- NATO participation, 810
- neutralization. See under
European security arrangements.
- Poland, relations with (see also
Border issues), 10–11
- political situation, 30–31, 42, 99, 270, 295, 362,
530, 616
- Soviet memorandum (Dec. 27, 1961), 709, 733, 756–757
- tripartite troops reinforcement, 286
- United States, relations with, 21–25
- U.S. forces in (see also
European security arrangements), 23, 28–29, 760
- West Berlin, relations with, 4, 604, 609,
739–740
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 531, 597–599, 608, 668–670
- incorporation proposal, 400–401, 491–492, 597–598, 669–670, 731–732
- Soviet position, 67, 568, 580–581, 725
- Gilpatric, Roswell L., 347, 395–396, 487, 513n, 517–518
- Glenn, Edmund S., 80n,
84n
- Gray, Maj. Gen. David, 188, 190, 201
- Greece, 179, 322
- Greenhill, Denis, 111
- Grewe, Wilhelm C., 5–6, 21–22, 127, 527–532
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 21, 24, 46, 596, 601–603, 620
- Berlin Wall, 337–339, 380–381
- Clay appointment, 382
- contingency planning, 51–55, 126, 132–135, 374–375, 527–528, 830–834, 831–832
- free city proposals, 117–118
- German Democratic Republic access control, 601–602
- German Democratic Republic political situation, 134–135
- inter-German relations, 529–530, 601–602
- negotiation proposals, 69, 375–376, 381–382
- neutralism, 382–383
- Soviet separate treaty, 22–23, 832–833
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply, 132–133
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 411, 415, 650, 661,
672
- Gromyko, Andrei Andreivich (see also
Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New York) and U.S.
Ambassadorial probe under Negotiation proposals), 112
- air access, 394–395
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 541–543, 564
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 721
- negotiation proposals, 394–395, 720–726
- Vienna summit meeting, 87
- Washington visit, 466, 468–480
- Gruson, Sydney, 380, 382
- Guthrie, John C., 71n, 385n, 409n, 768n, 772n, 846n
- Hammarskjold, Dag, 203, 456, 671
- Hare, Raymond A., 321
- Harriman, W. Averell, 22, 29, 36, 175
- Hatcher, Andrew T., 118
- Hayter, Sir William, 139
- Heath, Sir Edward, 730–731
- Heusinger, Gen. Adolf, 617
- Hillenbrand, Martin J., 5n, 16n, 33n, 51n, 64n, 71n, 125n, 132n, 159n, 180n, 182n, 269n, 291n, 299n, 371n, 374n, 431n, 439n, 456n, 463n, 467n, 497n, 508n, 536n, 544n, 545n, 551n, 553n, 596n, 603n, 636n, 650n, 668n, 709n, 727n, 736n, 741n, 768n, 772n, 789n, 793n, 830n, 846n, 850n, 853n
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 620
- air access crisis, 792
- contingency planning, 57–61, 168, 187, 201,
487
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 267
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 544n
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on German and Berlin, 168–169
- negotiation proposals, 123, 403, 767
- Vienna summit meeting, 103, 112
- Hodges, Luther H., 333, 789
- Holloway, Jerome K., Jr., 361n, 371n, 405n, 817n
- Home, Lord Frederick Douglas, 100, 421–422, 426, 659, 756
- border issues, 655, 697
- contingency planning, 115, 279, 287–288, 412
- force, use of, 38–39, 116, 283–284, 299–302, 300–301, 413
- preparedness demonstration measures, 285, 287, 305
- German Democratic Republic access control, 273, 420
- German Democratic Republic recognition, 274, 655
- negotiation proposals, 40, 42–43, 274, 297–298, 305,
653, 655
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations, 662–664, 666–667, 673, 675–676, 678
- Foreign Ministers meeting proposals, 270–271, 276–280, 294–295, 419, 654, 700
- Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New York), 298, 303–304, 306, 405–408, 417
- U.S.-British discussions, 696,
701
- U.S. ambassadorial probe, 698,
703
- Western agenda, 296–297, 419, 425, 696
- Soviet separate treaty, 64, 276
- U.N. discussion, possible, 271, 275
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 38–41, 98–102
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply, 98–99, 111–117
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 269
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 270
- quadripartite meetings, 281–309, 411–427, 650–659, 661–667, 672–678
- tripartite meetings, 269–280, 405–408
- Hood, Viscount Samuel, 58, 405, 808
- Humphrey, Hubert H., 118, 563
- Il’ichev, I. I., 709
- Imhof, Johannes V., 808n
- Indonesia, 397
- Inter-German relations (see also
German unification):
- discussion proposals, 206, 210, 290–291
- German Democratic Republic access control and, 290, 601–602, 605–606
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of and, 43, 810
- German unification and, 64, 93, 363, 611–612
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 290, 421–422, 490,
529–530,
556, 600–602, 702
- Germany, Federal Republic of-Soviet bilateral talks proposals,
795, 810
- mixed German Committee proposals, 239,
251–253,
421–422
- Soviet position, 206
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and Berlin (ICG), 119–124, 164–165, 167–169, 187–191, 199–202, 211, 214, 227–230, 335–337
- Interim agreement proposals (see also
Negotiation proposals), 7, 27, 101, 149, 157–158, 243–245, 251, 665
- International Court of Justice (ICJ). See ICJ appeal
under Contingency planning.
- Interzonal trade agreement, 2–3, 288, 329, 338, 599
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 288, 380, 735
- Italy, 178, 279,
292, 434, 446, 532
- Japan, 95
- Jessup-Malik agreement (1949), 599, 657
- Johnson, Lyndon B., 21, 24, 169, 199, 214n, 324n, 411
- Johnson, U. Alexis, 405
- Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 129–130, 370–371, 853n
- Jorden, William, 806
- Kaysen, Carl, 330n, 767,
768n, 772n
- Kefauver, Estes, 118
- Kennan, George F., 265, 331, 387, 435–437, 706–708, 728, 802–804, 865
- Kennedy, John F. (see also
Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet Union)), 10–11, 30, 49–50, 210, 514, 609
- access, 605, 747
- Adenauer, correspondence with, 223–224, 380, 389–391, 493–497, 527,
636–638,
641–642,
659–660
- Adenauer, talks with, 528, 532
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 21, 24, 46–51, 528, 532, 558–559, 590–595, 603–609, 614–618, 620–632
- Adzhubei interviews, 634, 643, 681–682, 689,
780–784,
821–822
- air access crisis, 792, 813–814
- Berlin visit proposal, 35
- Berlin Wall, 330, 332, 345–349, 348–349, 352–353, 380–381, 625
- border issues, 27, 623–624
- Brandt, correspondence with, 345–346, 352–353
- Brandt visit to U.S., 25–30
- Clay appointment, 380, 382, 557,
649
- Clay reports, 509
- Congressional leaders, correspondence with, 837–839
- Congressional meetings, 837–839
- contingency planning, 24,
38–39,
222, 267, 379, 393, 462, 762
- airlift, 39, 86
- criterion for action, 484–485
- economic countermeasures, 192–193, 195, 381
- emergency planning, 195–196, 215–216, 221, 225–226, 392
- force, use of, 215–216, 518, 628–629
- military planning, 85,
186, 210–211, 265–266, 395–398, 412–413, 428–429, 488–489, 517–519
- NSAM No. 109, 520–523, 559–560
- nuclear weapons, 266,
517–518, 595n, 596n
- U.S. forces in Europe, expansion of, 220, 398–399
- German Democratic Republic political situation, 639, 647
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 46–48
- naval countermeasures, 216,
831, 833
- stockpiling, 101
- U.N. appeal, 560
- U.S.-British discussions, 36,
38–39, 100–101
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 830–834
- de Gaulle, correspondence
with, 223–224, 368, 377–378, 493n, 525n, 716–719, 748–751
- European security arrangements, 496,
627
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 264–265
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 498, 544, 551,
553, 619
- German Democratic Republic access control, 82, 229, 485–486
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 629–630
- German peace treaty, 9–10, 91–92, 94, 494–495
- German unification, 161, 530
- Germany, Federal Republic of:
- inter-German relations, 529–530, 606
- Khrushchev, correspondence
with (Pen Pal), 444–455, 502–508, 567–580, 634–636, 643–646, 681–691, 819–822
- Macmillan, correspondence
with, 223–224, 632–634, 637
- negotiation proposals, 42, 44, 216, 265, 368,
377–378,
401–402,
413, 415, 485, 587, 592–593, 700,
716–717,
748–750
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations, 679–681
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 701, 703–704
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 382, 588
- Gromyko visit to
Washington, 466, 468–480
- Macmillan
discussions, 696–704
- Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New
York), 414, 429
- summit meeting proposals, 161–162
- timing, 330, 359
- U.S. Ambassadorial probe, 402–403, 698, 703, 759–760, 767
- Western agenda, 360, 403, 460, 593–594
- Norstad, correspondence with, 520–523
- press conference (June 28, 1961), 159
- Southeast Asia, 130n, 211–212
- Adzhubei interviews, 634, 643, 681–682, 689,
780–784,
821–822
- air access crisis, 792, 813–814
- Berlin visit proposal, 35
- Berlin Wall, 330, 332, 345–349, 348–349, 352–353, 380–381, 625
- border issues, 27, 623–624
- Brandt, correspondence with, 345–346, 352–353
- Brandt visit to U.S., 25–30
- Clay appointment, 380, 382, 557,
649
- Clay reports, 509
- Congressional leaders, correspondence with, 837–839
- Congressional meetings, 837–839
- contingency planning, 24, 38–39, 222, 267,
379, 393, 462, 762
- airlift, 39, 86
- criterion for action, 484–485
- economic countermeasures, 192–193, 195, 381
- emergency planning, 195–196, 215–216, 221, 225–226, 392
- force, use of, 215–216, 518, 628–629
- military planning, 85,
186, 210–211, 265–266, 395–398, 412–413, 428–429, 488–489, 517–519
- NSAM No. 109, 520–523, 559–560
- nuclear weapons, 266,
517–518, 595n, 596n
- U.S. forces in Europe, expansion of, 220, 398–399
- German Democratic Republic political situation, 639, 647
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 46–48
- naval countermeasures, 216,
831, 833
- stockpiling, 101
- U.N. appeal, 560
- U.S.-British discussions, 36,
38–39, 100–101
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 830–834
- de Gaulle, correspondence
with, 223–224, 368, 377–378, 493n, 525n, 716–719, 748–751
- European security arrangements, 496,
627
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 264–265
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 498, 544, 551,
553, 619
- German Democratic Republic access control, 82, 229, 485–486
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 629–630
- German peace treaty, 9–10, 91–92, 94, 494–495
- German unification, 161, 530
- Germany, Federal Republic of:
- inter-German relations, 529–530, 606
- Khrushchev, correspondence
with (Pen Pal), 444–455, 502–508, 567–580, 634–636, 643–646, 681–691, 819–822
- Macmillan, correspondence
with, 223–224, 632–634, 637
- negotiation proposals, 42, 44, 216, 265, 368,
377–378,
401–402,
413, 415, 485, 587, 592–593, 700,
716–717,
748–750
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations, 679–681
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 701, 703–704
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 382, 588
- Gromyko visit to
Washington, 466, 468–480
- Macmillan
discussions, 696–704
- Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New
York), 414, 429
- summit meeting proposals, 161–162
- timing, 330, 359
- U.S. Ambassadorial probe, 402–403, 698, 703, 759–760, 767
- Western agenda, 360, 403, 460, 593–594
- Norstad, correspondence with, 520–523
- press conference (June 28, 1961), 159
- Southeast Asia, 130n, 211–212
- speech (July 25, 1961), 223, 227, 233–235, 275–276, 340,
445
- speech (U.N., Sept. 25, 1961), 441–442, 454, 493
- U.N. guarantee/observer proposals, 228
- U.S.-British discussions, 41–44
- U.S.-French discussions, 80–86
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 8–11, 527–532
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, relations, 221
- Vienna summit aide-memoire, 98–102, 107,
165n
- West Berlin plebiscite proposals, 99,
161, 266
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 261, 309, 411–415
- Kennedy, Robert F., 544, 573, 763, 767, 808, 842–843
- Kharlamov, Mikhail A., 401–402, 444–445
- Khrushchev, Nikita S. (see also Soviet subheadings
under other subjects; Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet
Union)), 15, 66–69, 68,
292, 759, 810–811
- Adenauer, letter to (Feb. 17, 1961), 10, 12–13, 18, 22–23, 64, 69
- Fanfani talks, 279, 292, 446
- free city proposals, 449–450
- German peace treaty, 18–20, 87–88, 90–92, 231, 448–449
- interim agreement, 92–93, 95–98
- Kennedy, correspondence with (Pen Pal), 444–455, 502–508, 567–580, 634–636, 643–646, 681–691, 736–766, 819–822
- Kroll meeting, 580–581, 589–591, 630, 635,
698
- McCloy discussions, 231–235
- negotiation proposals, 56, 401–402
- Pen Pal correspondence. See Kennedy,
correspondence with above.
- political situation, 16, 41–42, 69, 76
- speech (Dec. 9, 1961), 665, 673, 678,
692
- speech (Jan. 6, 1961), 4
- statement (Jan. 18, 1962), 763–766
- Killick, John E., 111, 269, 281, 303, 405, 661
- Kissinger, Henry A., 35, 107, 176, 588–589, 824–827, 830–831, 840–841
- Klein, David, 508n,
648n
- Klein, Gunther, 668
- Kohler, Foy D., 8n, 16n, 21n, 25n, 64n, 71n, 111n, 125n, 159n, 324n, 329n, 361n, 380n, 388n, 405n, 411n, 415n, 424n, 431n, 439n, 463n, 467n, 492n, 497n, 508n, 527n, 536n, 539n, 544n, 545n, 551n, 553n, 562n, 640n, 694n, 736n, 741n, 768n, 772n, 811n, 846n, 850n, 853n
- access, 134, 290–291, 600
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 46, 596, 603,
620
- air access crisis, 792, 812–813, 817–819
- Berlin Wall, 333–334, 338–339, 361,
366–368
- contingency planning, 57, 116, 119,
127–128,
133, 217, 228, 381, 462, 519
- force, use of, 121, 135, 395–396, 487, 528
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 52, 128, 135
- ICJ appeal, 113, 116–117, 125–126, 131–132
- preparedness demonstration measures, 116, 122–123
- departmental measures, 320
- free city proposals, 118n
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 535, 544n, 554–555
- German Democratic Republic access control, 229
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 767
- Germany, Federal Republic of:
- arms limitations, 625
- Berlin, relations with, 599
- U.S. forces in, 760
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and Berlin, 167
- negotiation proposals, 42, 44, 69, 362, 367,
403, 405–406, 468, 695n, 808
- Soviet separate treaty, 43, 420
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 41
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 668
- U.S. policy toward Berlin, 793–795
- Vienna summit meeting, 87, 103, 112–113, 127,
131–132
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 269, 281, 291, 299,
303, 405, 411, 415, 650, 661, 672
- Kozlov, Frol R., 394
- Krapf, Franz, 25, 596, 603, 620, 650, 661, 672
- Kroll, Hans, 55, 65–66,
69, 698, 703, 790, 841
- Kusterer (FRG), 661, 672
- Kuznetzov, V.V., 555
- Laloy, Jean, 126–127, 641
- Lampson, Edward T., 303
- Langer, Wolfram, 732, 734
- Laos, 10, 12, 31, 41, 48, 74, 76
- Latin America, 10, 31
- Lebel, Claude, 12, 84, 131, 808, 817
- Ledwidge, W.B.J., 650, 672
- Legere, Col. Lawrence J., 223n, 335–337, 583–584, 726–727, 747
- Lehmann, Glenn A., 159n
- Lejins, Nora, 8n, 45n, 46, 590n, 603n, 614n, 620n
- LeMay, Gen. Curtis, 215, 428, 517
- Lemmer, Ernst, 668
- Lemnitzer, Gen. Lyman L., 111, 194n, 362n, 369, 544n
- air access crisis, 800, 812–813
- Berlin Wall, 333, 350, 370–371
- contingency planning, 138n, 216, 395–398, 462, 487,
517
- Lightner, Edwin A., Jr., 1–3, 75–76,
441–443, 865–867
- access harassment, 437–438
- air access crisis, 814–816, 822–824, 843–844
- Berlin Wall, 326–327, 332–333, 339–346, 437
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 524–525, 532,
537–539,
543, 552, 564n,
565–566,
585
- Lippmann, Walter, 107, 615
- Lucet, Charles, 269, 281, 291, 299, 303, 405, 415, 650, 661, 672
- Luxembourg, 179
- Lyon, Cecil B., 312n
- Macmillan, Harold, 38, 58, 60, 100, 699, 758
- Kennedy, correspondence with, 223–224, 632–634, 637
- negotiation proposals, 42, 44, 696–704
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 38, 41–44, 99–102
- Mali, 397n
- Mansfield, Mike, 29, 117–118, 448
- Matthews, H. Freeman, 321
- Mautner, Karl F., 167n, 214n
- McBride, Robert H., 12n
- McCloy, John J., 112, 114, 116, 231–235, 733
- McDermott, Edward A., 184–185
- McGhee, George C., 12, 15, 36, 112, 123, 236n, 261, 694–695n
- McNamara, Robert, 167, 215n, 221–222, 411, 767, 792
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 596, 603
- Berlin Wall, 333–334, 344, 347–348, 355
- Clay appointment, 369, 557
- contingency planning, 36, 38–39, 176, 347–348, 362–364, 379n, 412,
462, 560
- federal emergency planning, 189, 196, 209–210, 219–220
- force, use of, 38, 221, 372, 412, 518
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 544n, 547
- Menshikov, Mikhail A., 5, 13, 16, 114, 202–207, 409–411, 468
- Millar, Sir Frederick Hoyer, 36, 39–41, 43, 102n
- Moffett, James D., 111n
- Murphy, Robert D., 349n
- Murrow, Edward R., 219–220, 310, 322–323, 339–341, 395, 397
- National Intelligence Estimates:
- National Security Council, 109–111, 160–162, 221–222
- Action Memoranda:
- NSAM No. 58, 162–165, 187
- NSAM No. 59, 197–199, 214
- NSAM No. 62, 225–226
- NSAM No. 92, 398–399
- NSAM No. 94, 404
- NSAM No. 107, 508n
- NSAM No. 109, 520–523
- NSAM No. 117, 639
- NSAM No. 128, 813–814
- contingency planning, 162–165, 192–197, 195,
219–221
- documents:
- meetings:
- Negotiation proposals (see also
Contingency planning; German peace treaty; Interim
agreement proposals; U.N. guarantee/observer proposals; Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet Union); specific topics):
- Adenauer-de Gaulle meeting, 637–639, 650, 659–660
- Adenauer-Khrushchev meeting proposals, 759
- air access and, 407
- airlift and, 101, 117
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations (see also
U.S.-Soviet bilateral discussion proposals
below), 296
- British position, 276, 305, 362, 662–665, 673, 675, 678
- French position, 663–665, 673–675, 677
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 665–666, 676–678
- NATO statement, 666–667, 673, 676–681, 710
- U.S.-French discussions, 679–681
- U.S. position, 293, 664, 674–676, 678
- Berlin Wall and, 331, 338, 342,
344, 711–712
- British position, 99, 114, 274,
298, 305, 338, 532, 653–655
- British-Soviet talks proposals, 794–795
- Commission on Central European problems proposals, 238–239
- European security proposals, 239, 251–253
- Foreign Ministers meeting proposals, 238–239, 248–249, 251, 257,
261–262,
319, 419, 430–431, 700
- British position, 277–279, 294–295, 413–414, 419, 654, 698, 700, 702
- French position, 271–272, 277, 367–368, 641, 700
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 271–272
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 414
- Soviet position, 475
- timing, 227–229, 238, 262, 264–266, 271, 276–279, 293–295, 304–305
- four-nation non-aggression agreement, 228–229
- French opposition, 313–316, 361–362, 366–367, 651–652, 654–655
- Congressional meetings, 839
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 374–375, 692–693
- Kennedy-Adenauer discussions, 593–595, 692–693
- Kennedy-de Gaulle correspondence, 368, 377–378, 716–717, 748–750
- U.S. position, 481–484, 640–641, 701, 793–794, 850–851
- French position, 12–13, 272–273, 276,
296–298,
304, 413, 418
- Friedrichstrasse crisis and, 533–536, 541,
554, 585–586
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 697–698, 701, 703–704
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 31, 295, 298, 376,
381–382,
529, 588–589, 593, 631,
654
- Germany, Federal Republic of-Soviet bilateral talks proposals,
10, 795,
810, 834, 840
- German peace treaty and, 274, 276
- German unification and, 485, 490, 529
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and Berlin
discussions, 123
- Khrushchev statement (Jan.
18, 1962), 763–766
- military planning and, 418, 653
- NATO positions, 383, 531–532
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization and, 278, 283
- NSC discussions, 164
- peace conference, 117, 227, 263,
292, 296
- planning, 223, 236–241, 245–259
- preparedness demonstration measures and, 274–276, 293–294, 305, 413
- propaganda and, 382
- protracted talks proposals, 236–241
- public opinion, 367, 377
- publicity, 278, 280, 361–362, 376,
407
- quadripartite discussions, 64
- reciprocal declarations proposal (Solution C), 150–151, 157, 228,
240–241,
254, 257, 265
- refugees, 228
- Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New York), 388, 431–433, 439–441, 456–461
- British position, 298, 303–304, 306, 362, 406–408, 414, 417
- French position, 304, 361, 405–408, 413–414, 416–417, 419
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 304–305
- tripartite discussions, 405–408
- U.S. position, 298, 304–306, 414, 494, 657, 670–671
- Western agenda, 429–431
- Soviet agenda, 460–461, 464–467, 476–477, 487,
630, 657
- Soviet intentions, 56–57, 71–72
- Soviet position, 12–13, 232, 474–475
- Soviet separate treaty and, 276, 314–315, 418
- summit meeting proposals (see also Vienna
summit meeting (U.S.- Soviet Union)), 12,
161–162,
794
- Thompson-Gromyko talks. See U.S. Ambassadorial probe below. timing,
246–247,
259, 270–271, 295, 304,
359
- trade agreements, 228
- tripartite discussions, 808–811
- U.N. discussion, possible, 174–175, 227,
258–259,
267, 271, 292–293, 295, 319
- U.S. Ambassadorial probe, 388–389, 394–395, 846
- British position, 699, 702–703, 767, 790–791
- French position, 280, 497–498, 525–526
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 832, 834, 840–841
- planning/instructions for, 709–715, 731–732, 736–745, 758–760, 768–775, 790–791, 807, 846–852
- Thompson-Gromyko meeting reports,
720–726, 751–755, 784–788, 797–800, 835, 859–862
- U.S.-British discussions, 730–731
- U.S. position, 228, 259, 293, 402–403, 694, 697, 706–708, 729, 802–804
- U.S.-British discussions, 40, 42–44, 562–564, 696–704
- U.S.-French discussions, 81, 549–550
- U.S.-German Federal Republic discussions, 402
- U.S. position, 32, 34, 69, 73–74, 79, 107, 114, 139,
148–151,
162, 175, 177, 217–218, 232, 435–437, 592–593
- U.S. public statement proposal, 393
- U.S. “quiet” approach, 250, 262, 264
- U.S.-Soviet bilateral discussion proposals (see also Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New York)
and U.S. Ambassadorial probe above):
- British position, 562–564
- French position, 497–498
- Geneva discussion proposal, 847, 864
- Gromyko visit to
Washington, 466, 468–480
- Soviet position, 401–402, 452, 475
- U.S. position, 359, 430, 495, 556, 587–588, 680, 694–695, 794–795
- use of force and, 297, 396–397, 414, 592,
656, 658, 661–662
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply and, 99
- West Berlin morale and, 654–655
- Western agenda (see also
Western Foreign Ministers meetings;
specific issues and proposals), 280,
294
- Adenauer visit to U.S., 528,
532, 558–559, 562–563, 590–618, 620–634
- British position, 296–297, 425, 696
- French position, 270, 362, 417–418, 423–424
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 295–296, 375–376, 414, 423, 425–426, 490–492, 556, 593, 840
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and Berlin
discussion, 228
- Norstad meeting, 462
- Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New
York), 416, 419, 423–426, 429–431
- U.S. position, 271, 280, 294, 319–320, 360, 376, 403, 425, 460–461, 656–657
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings and, 593, 840
- Nehru, Jawaharlal, 419
- Netherlands, 22, 178, 285, 322, 434
- Neutral countries, 364, 397n, 452–453
- Neutralism, 380, 382–383
- Newsom, Edwin Earl, 334
- Nitze, Paul H., 169, 202n, 202–207, 492n,
551n, 760
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 596, 603, 620
- contingency planning, 124, 188–190, 217, 462
- airlift, 200, 372–373
- force, use of, 122–123, 188, 200–201, 321–322, 395–396, 398, 487, 489
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 267
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 544n
- German Democratic Republic access control, 229–230
- negotiation proposals, 405, 407
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 269, 291, 299, 411
- Norstad, Gen. Lauris, 29, 462, 557
- Adenauer visit to U.S., 558–559
- air access crisis, 800–802, 812–813
- Berlin Wall, 344, 370
- contingency planning, 124, 456, 462,
560–561
- force, use of, 38, 121–122, 560–561
- military planning, 136–138, 517,
520, 559–560
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 547–548, 557–558
- Kennedy, correspondence with, 520–523
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (see also
Allied contributions under Contingency planning:
force, use of; NATO subheadings under other
subjects):
- Berlin guarantee, 47–49
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 810
- missile force proposal, 176–177
- negotiation proposals, 278, 283, 383,
666–667,
673–681
- nuclear weapons, 72, 79, 617, 718–719, 749–750
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply, 178–182
- Warsaw Pact non-aggression pact proposal, 393, 473
- Norway, 532
- Oder-Neisse line. See Border issues.
- Ormsby Gore, Sir David, 102n, 810–811
- negotiation proposals, 562–564, 696–697, 701–702, 730, 794n, 808–811
- Osterheld (FRG), 842
- Owen, Henry, 106, 261, 403
- Paris treaties (1954), 25, 376, 515
- Parsons, J. Graham, 321
- Pelen, Pierre, 12, 808
- Pen Pal correspondence. See Kennedy-Khrushchev (Pen Pal) correspondence
under Berlin.
- Percival, J. Graham, 672n
- Perkins, Milo, 211
- Poland (see also
Border issues), 10–11, 612
- Propaganda, 32, 147–148, 164, 211, 226, 228, 247–248
- Berlin Wall and, 330, 332, 334
- French position, 306
- Friedrichstrasse crisis and, 548
- NATO participation, 308, 310
- negotiation proposals and, 382
- U.S. position, 259–260, 263,
267, 322–323
- Radio Free Europe (RFE), 31
- Ramsbotham, Peter E., 36, 41
- Rapacki Plan, 242, 474
- Rau (GDR), 2
- Reynaud, Paul, 446
- Ritter (FRG), 281, 291, 299, 303
- Roberts, Sir Frank, 697, 790–791, 794
- Rostow, Walt W., 36, 130n, 404, 805
- Rumbold, Sir Anthony, 650, 661
- Rusk, Dean (see
also
Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New York) under Negotiation
proposals), 50, 64–65, 210, 274, 760, 768n, 772n, 775
- access, 117, 599–600, 640
- access harassment, 282–283, 463
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 46, 596–614, 620–632
- all-Berlin proposals, 117, 701–702
- Berlin Wall, 329–330, 332, 337–339, 361–362, 366–368, 761
- border issues, 11, 609–610, 622–623, 697
- Clay appointment as Special Representative, 649, 854–856
- Congressional meetings, 837–839
- contingency planning, 38–39, 127–128, 159–160, 176,
362–364,
379, 462, 830
- airlift, 279, 372–373
- economic countermeasures, 192–193, 195, 279, 283, 287–288
- emergency planning, 193–194, 284
- force, use of, 133–135, 285–286, 662
- land probe, 116, 265, 301
- military planning, 299–303, 300–301, 322, 395–398, 492–493, 517, 854–856
- nuclear weapons, 273,
286–287, 297, 302, 319, 371–372, 489
- German Democratic Republic political situation, 647–648, 853–854
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 51–55,
65, 133–135
- ICJ appeal, 125, 166
- naval countermeasures, 373,
424–425
- preparedness demonstration measures, 274–276, 284–287
- U.N. appeal, 133, 267
- disarmament, 810–811
- European Ambassadors meeting, 318–323
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 264–265
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 535–536, 539–541, 544–547, 554,
562–564
- German Democratic Republic:
- inter-German relations, 601–602, 605–606, 702
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on German and Berlin, 167–168
- Kennedy-Adenauer correspondence, 636–638
- Kennedy-de
Gaulle correspondence, 716–719
- Kennedy-Khrushchev (Pen Pal) correspondence, 634
- Khrushchev letter (Feb. 17,
1961), 12–13,
127
- negotiation proposals, 64, 114, 283,
292, 656
- Adenauer-de Gaulle meeting, 637–639
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations, 664, 666–667, 674–676, 678
- declaration proposal (Solution C), 228
- Foreign Ministers meeting proposals, 264–265, 271, 276–278, 293–294, 419
- French position, 313–316, 366–367, 484n
- Germany, Federal Republic of-Soviet bilateral talks
proposals, 810
- Gromyko visit to
Washington, 468
- Kennedy-de Gaulle correspondence, 716–717
- preparedness demonstration measures and, 274–276
- publicity, 280, 293, 313, 362
- Soviet agenda, 487, 657
- timing, 227–228, 259, 264–265, 270–271, 276–278, 293–294, 304–305, 359
- tripartite discussions, 808–811
- U.N. discussion, possible, 292–293, 298
- U.S.-British discussions, 562–564, 696–697, 701–703
- U.S.-Soviet bilateral discussion proposals, 264, 562–564, 587–588
- U.S. Ambassadorial probe, 388–389, 402, 703, 709–715, 730–731, 736–745, 759, 767, 846–852
- use of force and, 414, 661–662
- Western agenda, 280, 294, 297, 359, 375–376, 403, 416, 423–425, 464, 640–641, 656–657
- propaganda, 267
- refugees, 282, 324–325
- Southeast Asia, 212
- Soviet policies toward Berlin, 129,
192, 208, 805
- Soviet political situation, 728–729
- Soviet separate treaty, 14, 276, 420
- U.N. guarantee/observer proposals, 227–228, 603, 606–607
- U.N. headquarters/activities relocation proposal, 393, 426,
608, 671
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 38–39, 41, 562–564, 696–697, 701–703, 730–731
- U.S.-French discussions, 12–16, 131, 312–316, 366–368
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 8, 513, 668–672, 830–831
- U.S. policy toward Berlin, 16–18, 207–209, 224,
793
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 385–386, 409–411, 545–547
- U.S. troop movements, 640, 648, 755–756
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply, 108–109, 112–117, 125–127, 131–133, 160–161, 165–166, 180–183
- Vienna summit meeting, 87, 103
- West Berlin:
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 259, 309–311
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 269
- quadripartite meetings, 281–309, 411–427, 650–659, 661–667, 672–678
- tripartite meetings, 269–280, 405–408
- Western summit meeting proposals, 263
- Russell, Adm. J.S., 216
- Russell, John, 36, 41
- Salinger, Pierre, 8, 401–402
- Samuel, Ian, 696, 701
- Schelling, Thomas C., 170–172
- Scherpenberg, Hilger van, 8, 11
- Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 173–176
- Schnez, Maj. Gen., 281, 291, 299, 303, 596, 620
- Schnippenkoetter, Swidbert, 5, 596, 603, 620, 830
- Schorr, Daniel, 670
- Schroeder, Gerhard, 654, 658, 665–666, 676–678
- Semenov (USSR), 468
- Seydoux, Francois, 328
- Shuckburgh, Sir Evelyn, 111, 114, 127, 696–698, 701
- contingency planning, 116, 122, 126,
128
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 269, 281, 291, 299,
303, 405, 411, 415, 650, 661, 672
- Smirnov, Andrei A., 10, 591, 631
- Smirnovsky, Mikhail N., 385–386, 409
- Smith, Gerard C., 248
- Sokolov, Oleg M., 385
- Solovyev, Col. A. I., 525n, 537–539, 727n
- Sorensen, Theodore C., 102n, 165–166, 217, 403
- Southeast Asia, 129–130, 211–212
- Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), 48
- Soviet Union (see also
Free city proposals; Negotiation proposals; Soviet subheadings under other subjects):
- China, People’s Republic of, relations with, 16, 41, 78
- economic situation, 86
- German Democratic Republic, relations with, 26
- political situation, 16, 41–42, 69, 76–77, 705–706
- space program, 76, 304
- United States, relations with, 123,
361
- Spaak, Paul-Henri, 446, 471, 595
- Steel, Christopher, 822n, 836
- Steeves, John M., 36, 41
- Stevenson, Adlai E., 36, 39, 175, 393
- Stikker, Dirk U., 178–179, 434, 548
- Stockwell (Deputy SACEUR), 746, 755
- Stoessel, Walter J., Jr., 16n, 557n, 746,
755
- Stoph, Adolph, 2
- Strauss, Franz Josef, 265, 611, 613–614, 628–629
- Sukarno, 397
- Sukhodrev (USSR), 87, 96, 468
- Sullivan, Charles A., 169
- Sulzberger, Cyrus L., 401–402
- Summit meeting proposals. See Negotiation
proposals; Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet
Union).
- Sweden, 321
- Sweeney, Joseph, 562n
- Swihart, James W., 36
- Switzerland, 321
- Taylor, Maxwell D., 223, 583, 747
- contingency planning, 190, 211, 230–231, 264,
392, 462, 647n
- military planning, 186, 188, 395,
428–429,
487, 489
- Thompson, Llewellyn E. (see also
U.S. Ambassadorial probe and Ambassadorial
probe/consultations under Negotiation proposals), 18–19, 87, 122–123, 400–401, 634–636
- all-Berlin proposal, 241, 243
- confederation proposal, 725–726
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 541–543, 564,
581–583
- German peace treaty, 30–33, 31, 66–68
- negotiation proposals, 69, 123, 243–245, 394–395, 556,
705
- Soviet policies toward Berlin, 6–7, 77, 139, 241–242
- U.S. policy toward Berlin, 69–70, 77–78
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 66–69, 231–235
- Thomson, John A., 36, 58, 111, 808
- Thurston, Raymond L., 337n
- Topping, John L., 187n,
199n
- Trivers, Howard, 746, 761
- Tubby, Roger, 118, 159n
- Turkey, 179, 182–183, 321–322, 434
- Tyler, William R., 131n, 324n, 641, 679n, 696, 701n, 808
- U-2 incident, 18, 68, 93, 292
- Ulbricht, Walter, 1–2, 292n
- U.N. guarantee/observer proposals:
- British position, 100
- corridor proposals, 117,
607
- German Democratic Republic access control and, 603, 606–607
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 29, 606–607
- Soviet position, 19, 88, 93, 97–98, 451, 576
- U.S. position, 151, 158, 227–228, 240–241, 263,
294
- West Berlin plebiscite, 393
- Underdeveloped countries, Germany, Federal Republic of, aid to, 23, 28–29
- United Kingdom (see also
Contingency planning; British, United Kingdom,
tripartite, quadripartite, and Western subheadings under other subjects),
28
- United Nations (see also
U.N. guarantee/observer proposals):
- headquarters/activities relocation proposal, 393, 426
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 607–609, 671
- Soviet position, 451, 516
- Kennedy speech (Sept. 25, 1961), 441–442, 454
- U.S. change of administration, 5–6, 22
- U.S. Information Agency (USIA), 260, 263
- U.S.-Soviet bilateral discussions. See Negotiation
proposals; Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet
Union).
- Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet Union), 31–32, 70–79, 87–98, 103, 109–111
- Vigderman, Alfred G., 117n
- Vine, Richard D., 730n
- Von Brentano, Heinrich. See Brentano, Heinrich von.
- Watson, Maj. Gen. Albert, II,
525n, 537–539, 558, 704, 746
- Weber, Heinz, 8, 46,
281, 590, 603, 614, 620
- West Berlin:
- economic situation, 671
- Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with:
- British position, 696
- economic aid, 732–733
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 531, 597–599, 608, 668–670
- harassment, 4
- incorporation proposal, 400–401, 491–492, 597–598, 669–670, 731–732
- political activities, 272
- Soviet position, 67, 568, 580–581, 725
- U.S. position, 604, 609, 731–732, 739–740
- Kennedy visit, 35
- morale, 373, 382, 499, 510–512, 532, 775–776
- Berlin Wall and, 333, 339–341, 349n, 350
- French position, 654–655
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 374–375, 700, 733–735
- neutralization. See Free city
proposals.
- plebiscite proposals:
- British position, 99, 307
- French position, 307–308
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 307–308, 598
- Soviet position, 788
- U.S. position, 70, 99, 161, 228, 266, 306–307, 393, 788, 807
- Soviet forces in:
- British position, 100, 700
- Soviet position, 88, 472–473, 479, 575–576, 686
- U.S. position, 476, 506, 607, 798
- Western covert activities, 32, 252
- Western forces in:
- French position, 85
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 29–30
- Soviet position, 5, 88, 682–685, 687–688, 799–800
- U.S. position, 43, 67, 737–738, 752–753, 798
- Western European Union (WEU), 278, 285, 626
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 64–65, 269–309
- British position, 297
- French position, 296
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 269–270
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 593
- publicity, 308–311
- quadripartite meetings, 281–309, 411–424, 650–659, 661–667, 672–678
- tripartite meetings, 269–280, 405–408
- U.S. position, 259, 297
- U.S. preparations, 261–264
- Western Four-Power Working Group. See Four-Power
Working Group on Germany Including Berlin.
- Western summit meeting proposals, 259, 262–263, 267, 483
- Wheeler, Gen. Earle G., 812
- Williams, G. Mennen, 36
- Wilson, Donald E., 260, 339
- Winckler, Jean-Claude, 12, 15, 131, 366, 368n, 808, 817
- Wolf (FRG), 845
- Wright, J.O., 111
- Zorin-Bolz agreement. See Bolz-Zorin
agreement.
- Zulueta, Philip de, 36, 41, 98