Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961–1963, Volume
XIV, Berlin Crisis, 1961–1962
Index
- Access (see also
Access harassment; Contingency
planning; German Democratic Republic access control):
- air access (see also
air access crisis
under
Access harassment; airlift under Contingency planning; U.N. guarantee/observer proposals), 290–291, 394–395, 407, 409–411, 578–579
- British position, 697
- civilian vs. military traffic, 134,
174, 599–600, 604–605
- corridor proposals (see also international
supervision below), 114, 117, 461, 516,
531, 697, 713, 723
- detailed description of rights, 461
- free city proposals and, 466–467
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 134, 531, 599–600, 790
- international supervision (see also
corridor proposals above):
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 790
- Soviet position, 713, 723, 774–775, 784–786, 821
- U.S. position, 461, 722–723, 731, 741–742, 753, 768–770, 786–787, 798, 851
- Soviet position, 394–395, 409–410, 473,
578–579,
713, 723
- Soviet provocation accusations, 640
- Soviet separate treaty and, 421
- stabilization of existing procedures, 34
- tripartite reinforced division, 124
- U.S. troop movements, 640, 648, 755–756, 776
- worker control, 281–283, 730
- Access harassment (see also Access;
Berlin Wall; Contingency
planning; German Democratic Republic access control), 555–556
- air access, 555
- air access crisis, 792, 811–812, 821
- British position, 802n
, 816, 836
- Congressional meetings, 838
- French position, 816–818
- German Democratic Republic access control and, 828, 862–863
- Soviet objectives, 814–815, 818–819, 828, 856–858
- U.S. Ambassadorial probe discussions, 847–848, 850, 859–861
- Western responses, 796–797, 800–802, 812–814, 816–818, 828–829, 836, 843–844
- Clay reports, 510–511
- French position, 14–16
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 524–525, 532–539, 544–545, 547–548, 551–555, 558,
565–566,
581–584,
776
- Berlin Wall and, 565, 583–584
- contingency planning, 498–502, 508–509, 557–558, 619
- negotiation proposals and, 533–536, 541, 554, 585–586
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 537–539, 541–543, 545–547, 564
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 9, 26, 48, 282, 288
- negotiation proposals and, 533–536, 541
- possibility of, 9, 14–16, 26, 31, 48, 57, 91, 161, 288, 805
- refugees and, 282
- Soviet blockade, possible, 48, 67, 174
- Soviet position, 67, 91, 721–722, 754
- Soviet separate treaty and, 65
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 537–539
- Watson incident (Dec. 23, 1961), 704
- West Berliners, 342–343
- Western responses (see also
air access crisis
above; criterion for
action
under Contingency planning: force, use of), 437–438, 463, 467–468, 704,
727–728,
777
- Acheson, Dean, 58, 60, 138–140, 229–230, 245–246
- contingency planning, 46, 115, 156–159, 188,
258–259
- airlift, 123, 154–155, 161
- economic countermeasures, 145–147, 154, 196
- emergency planning, 189–190, 193, 217, 220
- force, use of, 36–38, 116, 151–153, 155–156, 189, 254–256
- ICJ appeal, 112, 114
- preparedness demonstration measures, 115–116, 120–123, 142–148
- propaganda, 147–148, 263
- negotiation proposals, 40, 148–151, 162, 227–229, 245–259, 261,
490–492
- Achilles, Theodore C., 324n
- Adenauer, Konrad, 50–51, 758–759, 842
- Berlin Wall, 354–355, 591–592, 625
- contingency planning, 46–48, 51, 595n
, 596n
, 824–827, 830–831, 840–841
de Gaulle meeting, 637–639, 650, 659–660
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 629–630
-
Kennedy, correspondence with, 223–224, 380, 389–391, 493–497, 527,
636–638,
641–642,
659–660
-
Kennedy talks, 528, 532
- legal rights, 49–50, 608
- negotiation proposals, 593–594, 692–693, 810,
834, 840, 864
- U.N. headquarters/activities relocation proposal, 607–609
- U.S. visits, 21, 24, 45–51, 528, 532, 558–559, 562–563, 590–618, 620–634
-
Adzhubei, Alexei I., 444–445, 634, 643, 681–682, 689, 780–784, 808, 821–822, 851
- Air access crisis. See under Access
harassment.
- Akalovsky, Alexander, 87n
, 96n
,
468n
, 780n
- All-Berlin proposal, 69–70
- British position, 127
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 295–296, 531
- Soviet position, 722, 725, 753,
785
- U.S. position, 117, 241, 243–244, 251,
294, 596, 701–702, 723–726, 768–769
- Alphand, Herve, 13–16, 131, 366–368, 817–819
- Alsop, Joseph, 107, 331, 622
- Amory, Robert, 199
-
Amrehn, Franz, 332–333
- Anderson, Adm. George W., 517
- Anderson, Robert B., 24
- Andronikov (USSR), 312, 807
- Armitage, John A., 71n
- Ausland, John C., 324n
,
853n
- Austria, 321
- Bahr, Egon, 25, 668
-
Ball, George W., 324n
, 492–502, 596, 603, 789
- Behrendt (GDR), 2
- Beigel, Edgar J., 12
- Beitz (FRG), 11
- Belgium, 178, 434,
532
- Berlin (see also Access; Access
harassment; All-Berlin proposal; [Page 871]
Berlin Wall; Contingency
planning; Free city proposals; German
Democratic Republic access control; negotiation
proposals; West Berlin):
- confederation proposal, 725–726, 745
-
Kennedy-Adenauer correspondence, 380, 389–391, 527,
636–638,
641–642,
659–660
-
Kennedy-Khrushchev (Pen Pal) correspondence, 444–455, 502–508, 567–580, 634–636, 643–646, 681–691, 819–822
- legal rights, 52, 113–114, 737
- British position, 699, 702–703, 743
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 49–50,
597, 608
- Soviet position, 92, 95, 785–786
- U.S. position, 72, 88–89,
92, 604–605, 743–744
- NATO guarantee, 47–49
- Soviet policies toward, 6–7, 56–57, 75–77
- British position, 41, 816n
- French position, 12–13, 81,
650–651
-
Khrushchev letter
(Feb. 17, 1961), 10, 12–13,
18, 22–23, 64, 69,
127
- tripartite discussions, 808–810
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 9–10,
26
- U.S. position, 129–130, 138–140, 173, 175, 192, 208, 237–238, 241–242, 245–246, 515–516, 705–706, 805–807
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 387
- U.S.-British discussions, 41–44
- U.S.-French discussions, 80–86, 312–316
- U.S.-German Federal Republic discussions, 8–11, 513–514, 527–532, 668–672
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 66–69, 202–207, 231–235
- U.S. policy toward, 69–70, 78–79, 514–516, 762,
793–795,
865–867
- Clay appointment, 369, 380, 382, 391, 557, 649, 854–856
- communication to Soviet Union, 16–20
- Congressional meetings, 837–839
-
Kennan criticisms,
435–437, 706–708, 728, 802–804, 865
- quadripartite discussions, 223–224
- State Department papers, 33–34, 207–210
- U.S.-French discussions, 12–16
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 8–9, 22, 25,
29
- U.S. position, 174, 236–237, 246
- Berlin Airlift (1949), 85, 105
- Berlin Steering Group, 223, 259–260, 333–334, 347–349, 395–398
- Berlin Wall, 325
- British position, 338
- contingency planning, 379, 404–405, 443n
- economic aid to Berlin and, 733–734family visits, 671–672
- free city proposals and, 328
- Friedrichstrasse crisis and, 565, 583–584
- German Democratic Republic political situation and, 324, 437
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 326–328, 338, 530,
581
- negotiation proposals and, 331, 338, 342,
344, 711–712
- possibility of, 2–3, 32
- preparedness demonstration measures and, 338, 347–348
- refugees and, 32, 341–342, 464, 591–592, 625,
737, 753
- Soviet/German Democratic Republic motivations, 341–343, 364–365, 464–465, 591–592
- Soviet position, 581, 591, 721,
753
- U.N. appeal and, 347, 356
- U.S.-French discussions, 366–368
- U.S. position, 479, 737
- Western Ally restrictions, 364–366
- Western responses:
- Allied “patrols” increase, 336, 338, 361
- Commandant crossing, 365, 370–371
- Commandant protest, 327–329, 333–334
- cultural diplomatic measures, 329, 330n
, 334, 340, 343, 358, 361, 789
- economic countermeasures, 330,
334, 337, 343, 358, 361
- force, use of, 370, 726–727, 761
- French position, 337–338, 361, 366
- Germany, Federal Republic of, military buildup, 338, 355
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 327–328, 329n
, 332–334, 337–339, 345–346, 358, 374, 380–381, 625, 670
- Germany, Federal Republic of, public opinion, 333, 339–341, 349n
, 350
- JCS position, 370–371
-
Johnson visit to Berlin, 337, 348, 351, 354–358
- Leipzig Fair boycott. See cultural
diplomatic measures
above.negotiation
proposals, 625, 670
- propaganda, 330, 332, 334
- publicity, 349
- quadripartite discussions, 329–330, 337–339, 361–362
- Soviet Union protest note, 327, 329, 333, 338, 341
- three-power status proposal, 346, 353
- travel ban, 329, 330n
, 331, 334, 337–339, 343, 358, 361
- tripartite statement, 347–348, 361, 366
- U.N. appeal, 347, 356
- U.S. position, 510, 776–777
- West Berlin garrison reinforcements, 334, 336, 338, 344, 346–348, 350–353, 356–358
- Bernau, Phyllis D., 760n
-
Bohlen, Charles E., 16n
, 388n
, 415n
, 709n
, 714n
, 736n
, 741n
, 768n
, 772n
, 819n
, 846n
, 850n
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 596, 603, 620
- Berlin Wall, 464–465
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 767
- German unification, 44
- negotiation proposals, 87, 403, 405–408, 464–465, 695n
, 697–698, 700
- Soviet forces in West Berlin, 724n
- Soviet political situation, 41–42
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 41–42, 696, 701
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 281, 303, 405, 411,
415, 650, 661, 672
-
Bolshakov, Georgi N., 544, 567n
, 573n
, 780
- Bolz-Zorin agreement, 417, 422, 793
- Border issues (see also German peace
treaty; German unification):
- British position, 280, 655, 696
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 10, 27, 490, 609–611, 623–624, 658,
864
- Soviet position, 67, 71, 91–92, 242, 460, 471,
807
- U.S. position, 70, 91, 124, 150–151, 228, 609,
611, 623, 697, 810
- Bovey, John A., 318n
-
Bowles, Chester, 5–6, 117–118, 411, 431–433, 435, 439–441, 551, 553–554
- Brandin, Robert M., 324n
, 789n
-
Brandt, Willy, 281–282, 307, 668–671, 730, 843
- Berlin Wall, 326–327, 345–346, 348,
352, 355–357, 671–672
-
Kennedy, correspondence with, 345–346, 352–353
- U.S. visit, 22, 25–30, 668–672
- Brentano, Heinrich von, 8–11, 46, 48, 64–65, 282, 493
- all-Berlin proposal, 295–296
- contingency planning, 48–49, 285–288, 299–303, 425–426
- German Democratic Republic access control, 290, 420
- German peace treaty, 9–10, 31–33, 48, 288–289
- German unification, 295
- inter-German relations, 290, 421–422
- negotiation proposals, 64, 295–296, 304–305, 414, 425–426
- West Berlin plebiscite proposals, 307–308
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 281–309, 411–427
- Brook, Sir Norman, 36,
41, 696, 701
- Brown, L. Dean, 366n
-
Bruce, David K.E., 43–44, 59, 175, 460n
, 514–516
-
Bundy, McGeorge, 33n
, 209n
, 219n
, 221–222, 227n
, 268, 324n
, 636n
, 736n
, 741n
- access harassment, 544n
, 619, 704, 792,
813–814
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 603, 620
- all-Berlin proposal, 531
- Berlin Wall, 331, 333–334
- contingency planning, 62, 162–165, 176–177, 264, 462,
762
- air access, 384–385
- economic countermeasures, 192–193, 197–198, 217
- emergency planning, 189–190, 193–194, 197, 217, 225–226force, use of, 162–163, 198, 260, 392, 395, 397–398, 428, 487–489, 517–519
- naval countermeasures, 216–217
- German Democratic Republic access control, 262–263
- German peace treaty, 106
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on German and Berlin, 168, 227–230inter-German relations, 529–530
- negotiation proposals, 177, 217–218, 259, 330–331, 403,
588–589,
679, 696, 701–702
- propaganda, 259–260, 263
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 41, 102n
- U.S.-German Federal Republic discussions, 527
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply, 107–109
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 261–264
-
Burdett, William C., 36n
, 41n
-
Burke, Adm. Arleigh A., 129–130, 161
-
Cabell, Gen. Charles P., 395–396
-
Caccia, Sir Harold, 36, 41, 102n
, 111, 361–362, 405, 411, 415
- Canada, 179, 434
-
Carstens, Karl, 599
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 46, 596, 599–600, 602–603, 620
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 281, 291, 299, 303,
411, 415, 420, 650, 661, 672
-
Cash, Frank E., Jr., 71n
, 119n
, 184–185, 281n
, 337n
, 439n
, 456n
, 497n
, 661n
-
Chayes, Abram J., 267, 694–695
- China, People’s Republic of, 16, 41, 78, 230
-
Clarke, Bruce, 350, 370
-
Clay, Gen. Lucius D., 448, 603, 640, 726n
, 747
- access harassment, 437–438, 463,
467, 510–511
- appointment as Special Representative in Berlin, 369, 380,
382, 557, 649, 854–856
- Berlin visit, 348, 351, 354
- Berlin Wall, 443n
, 498–502, 761,
776–777
- contingency planning, 484, 510–511, 585–587, 854
- negotiation proposals, 585–586, 864
- reports, 509–513, 775–779
- Cleveland, Harlan, 36, 393n
- Conference of Non-Aligned Countries (Belgrade), 266
- Congo crisis, 10, 12, 29, 31,
203
- Congress, U.S. (see also
emergency planning under Contingency planning),
123, 146, 190, 837–839
- Contingency planning (see also German Democratic
Republic access control):
- air access, 37, 62, 290–291, 379–380, 384–385, 396,
456, 521, 811, 822–824
- airlift, 117, 163, 167,
292, 301–302
- British position, 38, 101, 279, 302
- French position, 85–86, 279, 302
- U.S. position, 39, 116, 121–123, 154–155, 161, 230–231, 257, 279, 320, 372–373
- Berlin Wall and, 379, 404–405, 443n
- British position, 14, 58, 152
- British/French participation, 128,
312–313,
323
- criterion for action, 58, 83, 658
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 374–375
- U.S. position, 60, 83, 151–153, 174, 264, 423, 484–485, 656
- diplomatic measures, 104, 288
- economic countermeasures, 164, 217, 268,
289, 317, 522
- British position, 279, 287–288
- French position, 86, 287–288, 412
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 287–288, 381, 826
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and
Berlin, discussions, 168, 187, 199–200, 214, 336
- NATO participation, 168, 187, 288, 412, 826
- NSC discussions, 192–193, 195, 197–198, 226
- U.S. position, 104, 145–147, 154, 217, 279, 283, 287–288, 321, 522, 561
- emergency planning, 162,
168, 184–185, 193–197, 209–212, 221
- military budget increase, 189–190, 193, 196–197, 209–210, 215, 225–226, 392
- National Emergency declaration, 189–191, 193, 195, 197, 209–210, 215, 217, 219–220, 284
- failure possibilities, 156–159
- force, use of (see also
preparedness demonstration measures
below):
- air access, 37, 62, 521
- Allied contributions, 198, 200–201, 215–216, 221, 226, 254–256, 322, 338, 456, 628–629
- British position, 100, 540
- criterion for action, 151–153, 174, 656, 658
- economic effects of, 221, 518, 549
- force levels, 63
- French position, 13, 174, 273–274
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 498–502, 508–509, 540, 557–558
- general war (see also
nuclear weapons below), 62, 83,
265, 414, 481–483, 523, 658
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 132–135, 201, 285–286
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 265
- land probe, 155–156, 174, 200–201
- British position, 38–39, 116, 121
- U.S. position, 62, 85, 105, 120–122, 128, 140–141, 155–156, 161, 265, 301, 560
- military planning (see also
preparedness demonstration measures
below; U.S. forces in Europe, expansion of below),
61–63, 85, 136–138, 186, 210–211, 395–398, 487–489
- British position, 653
- command, 300–301, 413, 510–511, 777–778, 818, 854–856
- French position, 300–301, 418
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 300, 513n
, 528
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 300–301, 559, 831–832
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany
and Berlin, discussions, 167, 188, 200, 335–336
- NATO participation, 308, 317, 322, 372, 412–413, 492–493
- negotiation proposals and, 418, 653
- NSAMs, 162–163, 198, 520–523, 559–560
- nuclear weapons, 145–146, 266, 321–322, 372, 517–518, 520–521, 523
- Western Defense Ministers meeting, 260, 265–266
- Western Foreign Ministers meeting discussions,
299–303, 412–413
- NATO role, 215, 300, 336, 399
- negotiation proposals and, 297, 396–397, 592, 656
- nuclear weapons (see also general
war above):alternatives to, 34, 371–372
- British position, 121,
300–301
- communication to Soviet Union, 140–141, 161, 283, 363, 485, 521, 528
- control of, 145, 163, 172, 301
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 52, 527–528, 595n
, 596n
- JCS position, 62, 135–136
- negotiation proposals and, 297, 592, 656
- planning, 145–146, 266, 321–322, 372, 517–518, 520–521, 523
- possibility of, 158–159, 273–274, 319, 656
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 203–204, 232–235
- U.S. position, 37, 47, 72, 79, 119–121, 141–142, 156, 170–172, 174, 286–287, 302, 516
- public opinion, 273–274
- Soviet capabilities, 399, 662, 809, 831
- Soviet response, 231–234
- special forces, 63
- U.N. appeal and, 396, 560
- U.S.-British discussions, 37
- U.S. forces in Europe, expansion of (see
also
military planning
above), 138n
, 163–164, 189, 220, 392, 398–399, 428–429, 561
- U.S. position, 46–47, 265, 585–587
- worldwide theater, 320–321
- French position, 14–15, 83, 658
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 498–502, 508–509, 557–558, 619
- German Democratic Republic, possible uprising in, 379, 639,
647–648,
777, 853–854
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 40, 46–49, 51–55, 63, 65, 124, 128, 132–135
- force, use of, 132–135, 201,
285–286,
300, 513n
, 528
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 26, 134–135
- ICJ appeal:
- British position, 126, 166
- French position, 126, 131, 166
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 126, 132–133
- U.S. position, 113, 116–117, 125–126, 249–250, 393, 426
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and Berlin, 119–124, 164–165, 167–169, 187–191, 227–230
- JCS discussion, 362–364
-
Kissinger-Adenauer talks, 824–827, 830–831, 840–841
- NATO information, 49, 65, 222
- NATO participation (see also
preparedness demonstration measures
below), 38, 104, 176–177
- economic countermeasures, 168,
187, 288, 412, 826
- force, use of, 215, 300, 336, 399
- military planning, 308, 317, 322, 372, 412–413, 492–493
- NATO positions, 434–435
- preparedness demonstration measures, 284–285, 336, 338
- propaganda, 308, 310
- U.S.-British discussions, 115
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 53–54
- naval countermeasures, 145, 163, 188,
216, 373, 412, 424–425, 561, 833
- Allied participation, 216–217, 413
- British position, 412
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 425, 491, 527, 826–827, 841, 864
- neutral countries confidential meetings, 103–104
- Norstad meeting, 462
- phases of, 188–189, 198
- preparedness demonstration measures (see
also
military planning
under force, use of above), 115–116, 120–121, 309
- Berlin Wall and, 338, 347–348
- British position, 287, 305
- French position, 287, 413
- NATO participation, 284–285, 336, 338
- negotiation proposals and, 274–276, 293–294, 305, 413
- U.S. position, 142–148, 163–164, 283, 286–287, 399
- publicity, 23, 159–160, 164, 309,
779
- stockpiling, 26, 101, 115, 412
- tripartite discussions, 127–128
- tripartite participation, 15, 38–40, 518–519
- U.N. appeal (see also
ICJ appeal
above; Negotiation
proposals), 125–126, 133,
258–259,
267, 560, 702
- Uniting for Peace resolution, 702
- U.S.-British discussions, 36–40, 100–101
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 46–48, 46–49, 51–55, 830–834
- U.S. position, 24, 34
- worldwide countermeasures, 15, 61, 63, 523
-
Couve de Murville, Maurice, 65, 272, 276, 283, 307–308
- contingency planning, 279, 285, 287–288, 302,
413
- force, use of, 273–274, 283–284, 299–302, 300–301, 412
- German Democratic Republic access control, 273, 289–290
- negotiation proposals, 272–273, 276,
280, 296–298, 368n
, 413, 651–652, 658
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations, 663–664, 666–667, 673–675, 677
- Foreign Ministers meeting proposals, 271–272, 277, 413–414, 641
-
Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New
York), 304, 405–408, 416–417
- timing, 270, 304
- West Berlin morale and, 654–655
- Western agenda, 417–418, 425
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 269–270
- Cuba, 12, 68, 74, 76
- Currien, Giles, 405
- Czechoslovakia. See Border issues.
-
Davis, Richard H., 12, 14, 16n
, 124, 324n
,
853n
-
Day, Arthur R., 329n
, 424n
, 463n
, 467n
, 587n
, 727n
- de Carbonnel, Charles, 269, 281, 291, 299, 303
-
de Gaulle, Charles, 80–86, 312, 623–624
-
Adenauer, meeting with, 637–639, 650, 659–660
- contingency planning, 85–86, 126, 166, 174
- German unification, 66, 231–232, 570
-
Kennedy, correspondence with, 223–224, 368, 377–378, 493n
, 525n
, 716–719, 748–751
- negotiation proposals, 313–316, 368,
377–378,
481–482,
525–526,
549–550,
593–594,
621–622,
679–681,
700, 716–717, 748–750
- speech (Oct. 2, 1961), 481
- Dean, Sir Patrick, 36
- Decker, Maj. Gen. C.L., 517
- Defense, U.S. Department of, 188–189, 229, 508n
, 853n
-
Dillon, C. Douglas, 36, 161, 767
- Disarmament (see also
European security arrangements), 31, 73–75, 496, 507
- Dixon, Sir Pierson, 672
- Dobrynin, Anatoly F., 87, 794–795
-
Dowling, Walter C., 7n
, 8, 78n
, 191–192, 513–514, 760, 842, 864
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 46, 596, 603,
620
- air access crisis, 796–797, 828–829, 836,
856–858,
862–863
- Berlin Wall, 328, 341
- contingency planning, 104–105, 824–827, 840–841
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 534n
, 547n
, 552n
- German Democratic Republic access control, 844–886, 862–863
-
Kennedy-Adenauer correspondence, 497n
, 641–642, 659–660
- negotiation proposals, 103, 692–693, 834, 840,
864
- Soviet memorandum (Dec. 27, 1961), 756–757
-
Dulles, Allen W., 195, 333, 349, 462
- Dulles, John Foster, 47, 52, 59–60
- Ebert (E. Berlin Mayor), 28
- Eckhardt, Felix von, 603
- Eddleman, Gen. Clyde, 215
- Eisenhower, Dwight D., 349
- Ellis, Frank B., 196
- Erhard, Ludwig, 732–735
- Etzdorf, Hasso von, 8
- European integration, 175, 841
- European security arrangements:
- British position, 659
- French position, 483
- German arms limitations, 242, 393, 471–472, 474
- Germany, Federal Republic of, arms limitations:
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 616, 625–626
- Soviet position, 56, 459, 474, 516
- U.S. position, 466, 616–617, 620–621, 625–626
- Germany, Federal Republic of, neutralization, 516, 658–659
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 27, 530, 613–614, 616, 625–629, 658,
833
- Germany, foreign forces in, reduction, 68, 473–474, 613–614, 627–629
- negotiation proposals and, 239, 251–253
- Rapacki Plan, 242, 474
- Soviet position, 56, 68, 242, 456–457, 459, 461,
471–474,
516
- U.S. position, 239, 294, 393,
459, 466, 496, 613, 616–617, 620–621, 625–626, 628–629
- Fanfani, Amintore, 279, 292, 446
- Farrell, Adm., 123–124
-
Fessenden, Russell H., 159n
, 431n
, 439n
, 456n
, 492n
- Festing, Sir Francis, 269, 281, 291, 299–300, 303
- Finland, 554, 651
-
Finletter, Thomas K., 178–179, 383, 433n
, 435
- Fleiderer (FRG), 531
- Ford Foundation, 733
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 22–23, 132n
, 259, 264–265, 267–268, 316–318, 405–408, 698n
, 744
-
Fowler, Henry H., 187, 190, 200, 267, 333, 336
- France (see also
Contingency planning; France, French, tripartite,
quadripartite, and Western subheadings under other subjects):
- Free city proposals (see also
U.N. guarantee/observer proposals), 41–42
- access and, 466–467
- Berlin Wall and, 328
- four-power forces proposals, 19, 472–473, 476, 479,
575–576
- French position, 12–13, 273
- German peace treaty and, 19, 572
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 117–118
- Mansfield speech, 117–118
- Soviet position, 19, 88, 206, 449, 461,
472, 568, 571–573, 657, 689, 723–724
- U.N. headquarters/activities relocation proposal, 393, 426,
451, 516, 607–609, 671
- U.S.-British discussions, 42–44
- U.S. position, 17, 67, 108, 151, 516,
731–732,
742, 769, 787
- Western version, 393, 423, 426
- Freeman, Orville L., 333
-
Freshman, C. Arnold, 732n
, 789n
- Friedrichstrasse crisis. See under
Access harassment.
- Froment-Meurice, 291, 299, 303
- Frontier issues. See Border issues.
- Gaitskell, Hugh, 175
-
Gavin, James M., 12, 312, 481–484, 525–526, 549–550
- German Democratic Republic access control (see also
Access harassment; Contingency
planning; German peace treaty: Soviet separate
treaty), 3–4
- agency principle, 51, 59–61, 289
- air access crisis and, 828, 862–863
- British position, 40, 152, 230,
273
- civilian vs. military traffic and, 174
- document stamping, 152, 229–230, 262–263, 266
- French position, 82, 273, 289
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, and, 277
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 48, 51, 420–421
- inter-German relations and, 290, 601–602, 605–606
- international access supervision and, 774–775
- negotiation proposals and, 846
- peel-off procedure, 58–59, 105, 289
- refugees, 272
- Soviet intentions, 40, 48, 67, 93, 98, 242, 420
- Soviet position, 723, 738–739, 753–754, 773–775
- Soviet reverse agency proposal, 844–886
- U.N. guarantee/observer proposals and, 603, 606–607
- U.S.-German Democratic Republic discussion proposals, 230
- U.S. position, 83, 152–153, 320, 463,
485–486,
754
- German Democratic Republic (see also
European security arrangements; German Democratic
Republic subheadings under subjects; Inter-German
relations):
- economic situation, 2, 27–28
- political situation, 2, 191–192, 437, 612
- contingency planning, 379,
639, 647–648, 777, 853–854
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 134–135, 612–613, 842
- refugees and, 2–3, 26–27, 191, 324
- refugees (see also
Berlin Wall), 44, 75, 272
- access harassment and, 282
- Berlin Wall and, 32, 341–342, 464, 591–592, 625, 737, 753
- British position, 102
- German Democratic Republic political situation and, 2–3, 26–27,
191, 324
- Germany, Federal Republic of, policy toward, 282
- Soviet position, 242
- Steinstucken enclave, 442–443, 511, 555, 776
- U.S. position, 282, 364, 442–443
- Soviet Union, relations with (see also
German Democratic Republic access control; German peace treaty),
26
- U.S. policy toward, 210
- Western recognition, 60,
274, 466, 515, 606–607, 629
- British position, 57–58, 60,
100, 274, 277, 655, 699
- French position, 482
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 420, 466, 490, 606–607, 629–630, 767
- Soviet position, 457–458, 461, 657, 685, 721, 739
- German peace treaty (see also
Border issues; Negotiation
proposals):
- British position, 274
- free city proposals and, 19, 572
- French position, 82
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 31
- negotiation proposals and, 274, 276
- parallel treaties proposal, 244, 402–403, 448–449
- Soviet position, 18–20, 71, 87–88, 90–92, 203, 448–449, 469–471, 568,
571–572,
688
- Soviet separate treaty (see also German
Democratic Republic access control):
- British position, 43, 101–102
- French position, 314–315
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 32–33,
48, 50–51, 64, 288–289
- interim agreement and, 64, 244
- negotiation proposals and, 276, 314–315, 418
- Soviet intentions, 19, 55, 66–68, 88, 93–95, 98, 204, 206–207, 231–232, 859–860
- British position, 40
- French position, 13–14, 65
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 9–10, 22–23, 26, 420–421, 832–833
- U.S. position, 4, 7, 30–31, 57, 72, 79, 122, 205, 242, 363, 420, 494–495
- U.S. position, 66–67, 70,
72–73, 92, 94, 232, 798
- U.S. response, 50–51, 256–259
- U.S. position, 17, 91, 106, 240
- German unification (see also
Border issues; European
security arrangements; Germany, division of; Inter-German relations):
- all-German talks proposals, 64, 93, 363
- British position, 44, 280
- confederation, 175, 725
- French position, 15, 66, 231–232, 570,
749
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 28, 64, 295, 485, 490, 529,
611–612,
630
- inter-German relations and, 611–612
- negotiation proposals and, 485, 490, 529
- neutralization, 44, 749
- plebiscite proposals, 280, 294–295
- self-determination. See plebiscite
proposals
above.
- Soviet policy, 15, 28
- Soviet position, 18–19, 66, 88, 93, 231–232, 570, 725
- Soviet-Germany, Federal Republic of, relations and, 615
- U.S. position, 34, 72, 79, 107, 161, 174, 505,
515, 530
- Western orientation, 207–208
- Germany, division of (see also
Berlin Wall; German Democratic Republic: Western recognition; German
unification):
- French position, 12–13, 15
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 421
- Soviet position, 88, 459–460, 570
- U.S. position, 7, 17, 20, 175, 244, 736–737
- Western acceptance, 448
- Germany, Federal Republic of (see also Access;
Berlin; European security arrangements; Germany,
Federal Republic of, quadripartite, and Western subheadings under other
subjects; Inter-German relations):
- British forces in, 115
- economic situation, 21–23, 28
-
Khrushchev letter (Feb. 17,
1961) reply, 64, 69, 127
-
Kroll-Khrushchev meeting, 580–581, 589–591, 630, 635,
698
- military buildup (see also
European security arrangements), 30, 74, 91, 204, 338, 355,
568
- NATO participation, 810
- neutralization. See under
European security arrangements.
- Poland, relations with (see also
Border issues), 10–11
- political situation, 30–31, 42, 99, 270, 295, 362,
530, 616
- Soviet memorandum (Dec. 27, 1961), 709, 733, 756–757
- tripartite troops reinforcement, 286
- United States, relations with, 21–25
- U.S. forces in (see also
European security arrangements), 23, 28–29, 760
- West Berlin, relations with, 4, 604, 609,
739–740
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 531, 597–599, 608, 668–670
- incorporation proposal, 400–401, 491–492, 597–598, 669–670, 731–732
- Soviet position, 67, 568, 580–581, 725
-
Gilpatric, Roswell L., 347, 395–396, 487, 513n
, 517–518
- Glenn, Edmund S., 80n
,
84n
-
Gray, Maj. Gen. David, 188, 190, 201
- Greece, 179, 322
- Greenhill, Denis, 111
-
Grewe, Wilhelm C., 5–6, 21–22, 127, 527–532
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 21, 24, 46, 596, 601–603, 620
- Berlin Wall, 337–339, 380–381
- Clay appointment, 382
- contingency planning, 51–55, 126, 132–135, 374–375, 527–528, 830–834, 831–832
- free city proposals, 117–118
- German Democratic Republic access control, 601–602
- German Democratic Republic political situation, 134–135
- inter-German relations, 529–530, 601–602
- negotiation proposals, 69, 375–376, 381–382
- neutralism, 382–383
- Soviet separate treaty, 22–23, 832–833
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply, 132–133
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 411, 415, 650, 661,
672
-
Gromyko, Andrei Andreivich (see also
Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New York) and U.S.
Ambassadorial probe under Negotiation proposals), 112
- air access, 394–395
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 541–543, 564
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 721
- negotiation proposals, 394–395, 720–726
- Vienna summit meeting, 87
- Washington visit, 466, 468–480
- Gruson, Sydney, 380, 382
-
Guthrie, John C., 71n
, 385n
, 409n
, 768n
, 772n
, 846n
- Hammarskjold, Dag, 203, 456, 671
- Hare, Raymond A., 321
-
Harriman, W. Averell, 22, 29, 36, 175
- Hatcher, Andrew T., 118
- Hayter, Sir William, 139
- Heath, Sir Edward, 730–731
- Heusinger, Gen. Adolf, 617
-
Hillenbrand, Martin J., 5n
, 16n
, 33n
, 51n
, 64n
, 71n
, 125n
, 132n
, 159n
, 180n
, 182n
, 269n
, 291n
, 299n
, 371n
, 374n
, 431n
, 439n
, 456n
, 463n
, 467n
, 497n
, 508n
, 536n
, 544n
, 545n
, 551n
, 553n
, 596n
, 603n
, 636n
, 650n
, 668n
, 709n
, 727n
, 736n
, 741n
, 768n
, 772n
, 789n
, 793n
, 830n
, 846n
, 850n
, 853n
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 620
- air access crisis, 792
- contingency planning, 57–61, 168, 187, 201,
487
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 267
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 544n
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on German and Berlin, 168–169
- negotiation proposals, 123, 403, 767
- Vienna summit meeting, 103, 112
- Hodges, Luther H., 333, 789
-
Holloway, Jerome K., Jr., 361n
, 371n
, 405n
, 817n
- Home, Lord Frederick Douglas, 100, 421–422, 426, 659, 756
- border issues, 655, 697
- contingency planning, 115, 279, 287–288, 412
- force, use of, 38–39, 116, 283–284, 299–302, 300–301, 413
- preparedness demonstration measures, 285, 287, 305
- German Democratic Republic access control, 273, 420
- German Democratic Republic recognition, 274, 655
- negotiation proposals, 40, 42–43, 274, 297–298, 305,
653, 655
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations, 662–664, 666–667, 673, 675–676, 678
- Foreign Ministers meeting proposals, 270–271, 276–280, 294–295, 419, 654, 700
- Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New York), 298, 303–304, 306, 405–408, 417
- U.S.-British discussions, 696,
701
- U.S. ambassadorial probe, 698,
703
- Western agenda, 296–297, 419, 425, 696
- Soviet separate treaty, 64, 276
- U.N. discussion, possible, 271, 275
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 38–41, 98–102
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply, 98–99, 111–117
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 269
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 270
- quadripartite meetings, 281–309, 411–427, 650–659, 661–667, 672–678
- tripartite meetings, 269–280, 405–408
- Hood, Viscount Samuel, 58, 405, 808
- Humphrey, Hubert H., 118, 563
- Il’ichev, I. I., 709
- Imhof, Johannes V., 808n
- Indonesia, 397
- Inter-German relations (see also
German unification):
- discussion proposals, 206, 210, 290–291
- German Democratic Republic access control and, 290, 601–602, 605–606
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of and, 43, 810
- German unification and, 64, 93, 363, 611–612
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 290, 421–422, 490,
529–530,
556, 600–602, 702
- Germany, Federal Republic of-Soviet bilateral talks proposals,
795, 810
- mixed German Committee proposals, 239,
251–253,
421–422
- Soviet position, 206
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and Berlin (ICG), 119–124, 164–165, 167–169, 187–191, 199–202, 211, 214, 227–230, 335–337
- Interim agreement proposals (see also
Negotiation proposals), 7, 27, 101, 149, 157–158, 243–245, 251, 665
- International Court of Justice (ICJ). See ICJ appeal
under Contingency planning.
- Interzonal trade agreement, 2–3, 288, 329, 338, 599
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 288, 380, 735
- Italy, 178, 279,
292, 434, 446, 532
- Japan, 95
- Jessup-Malik agreement (1949), 599, 657
-
Johnson, Lyndon B., 21, 24, 169, 199, 214n
, 324n
, 411
-
Johnson, U. Alexis, 405
- Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 129–130, 370–371, 853n
- Jorden, William, 806
-
Kaysen, Carl, 330n
, 767,
768n
, 772n
- Kefauver, Estes, 118
-
Kennan, George F., 265, 331, 387, 435–437, 706–708, 728, 802–804, 865
-
Kennedy, John F. (see also
Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet Union)), 10–11, 30, 49–50, 210, 514, 609
- access, 605, 747
- Adenauer, correspondence with, 223–224, 380, 389–391, 493–497, 527,
636–638,
641–642,
659–660
- Adenauer, talks with, 528, 532
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 21, 24, 46–51, 528, 532, 558–559, 590–595, 603–609, 614–618, 620–632
- Adzhubei interviews, 634, 643, 681–682, 689,
780–784,
821–822
- air access crisis, 792, 813–814
- Berlin visit proposal, 35
- Berlin Wall, 330, 332, 345–349, 348–349, 352–353, 380–381, 625
- border issues, 27, 623–624
- Brandt, correspondence with, 345–346, 352–353
- Brandt visit to U.S., 25–30
- Clay appointment, 380, 382, 557,
649
- Clay reports, 509
- Congressional leaders, correspondence with, 837–839
- Congressional meetings, 837–839
- contingency planning, 24,
38–39,
222, 267, 379, 393, 462, 762
- airlift, 39, 86
- criterion for action, 484–485
- economic countermeasures, 192–193, 195, 381
- emergency planning, 195–196, 215–216, 221, 225–226, 392
- force, use of, 215–216, 518, 628–629
- military planning, 85,
186, 210–211, 265–266, 395–398, 412–413, 428–429, 488–489, 517–519
- NSAM No. 109, 520–523, 559–560
- nuclear weapons, 266,
517–518, 595n
, 596n
- U.S. forces in Europe, expansion of, 220, 398–399
- German Democratic Republic political situation, 639, 647
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 46–48
- naval countermeasures, 216,
831, 833
- stockpiling, 101
- U.N. appeal, 560
- U.S.-British discussions, 36,
38–39, 100–101
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 830–834
-
de Gaulle, correspondence
with, 223–224, 368, 377–378, 493n
, 525n
, 716–719, 748–751
- European security arrangements, 496,
627
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 264–265
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 498, 544, 551,
553, 619
- German Democratic Republic access control, 82, 229, 485–486
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 629–630
- German peace treaty, 9–10, 91–92, 94, 494–495
- German unification, 161, 530
- Germany, Federal Republic of:
- inter-German relations, 529–530, 606
-
Khrushchev, correspondence
with (Pen Pal), 444–455, 502–508, 567–580, 634–636, 643–646, 681–691, 819–822
-
Macmillan, correspondence
with, 223–224, 632–634, 637
- negotiation proposals, 42, 44, 216, 265, 368,
377–378,
401–402,
413, 415, 485, 587, 592–593, 700,
716–717,
748–750
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations, 679–681
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 701, 703–704
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 382, 588
-
Gromyko visit to
Washington, 466, 468–480
-
Macmillan
discussions, 696–704
-
Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New
York), 414, 429
- summit meeting proposals, 161–162
- timing, 330, 359
- U.S. Ambassadorial probe, 402–403, 698, 703, 759–760, 767
- Western agenda, 360, 403, 460, 593–594
- Norstad, correspondence with, 520–523
- press conference (June 28, 1961), 159
- Southeast Asia, 130n
, 211–212
- Adzhubei interviews, 634, 643, 681–682, 689,
780–784,
821–822
- air access crisis, 792, 813–814
- Berlin visit proposal, 35
- Berlin Wall, 330, 332, 345–349, 348–349, 352–353, 380–381, 625
- border issues, 27, 623–624
- Brandt, correspondence with, 345–346, 352–353
- Brandt visit to U.S., 25–30
- Clay appointment, 380, 382, 557,
649
- Clay reports, 509
- Congressional leaders, correspondence with, 837–839
- Congressional meetings, 837–839
- contingency planning, 24, 38–39, 222, 267,
379, 393, 462, 762
- airlift, 39, 86
- criterion for action, 484–485
- economic countermeasures, 192–193, 195, 381
- emergency planning, 195–196, 215–216, 221, 225–226, 392
- force, use of, 215–216, 518, 628–629
- military planning, 85,
186, 210–211, 265–266, 395–398, 412–413, 428–429, 488–489, 517–519
- NSAM No. 109, 520–523, 559–560
- nuclear weapons, 266,
517–518, 595n
, 596n
- U.S. forces in Europe, expansion of, 220, 398–399
- German Democratic Republic political situation, 639, 647
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 46–48
- naval countermeasures, 216,
831, 833
- stockpiling, 101
- U.N. appeal, 560
- U.S.-British discussions, 36,
38–39, 100–101
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 830–834
-
de Gaulle, correspondence
with, 223–224, 368, 377–378, 493n
, 525n
, 716–719, 748–751
- European security arrangements, 496,
627
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 264–265
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 498, 544, 551,
553, 619
- German Democratic Republic access control, 82, 229, 485–486
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 629–630
- German peace treaty, 9–10, 91–92, 94, 494–495
- German unification, 161, 530
- Germany, Federal Republic of:
- inter-German relations, 529–530, 606
-
Khrushchev, correspondence
with (Pen Pal), 444–455, 502–508, 567–580, 634–636, 643–646, 681–691, 819–822
-
Macmillan, correspondence
with, 223–224, 632–634, 637
- negotiation proposals, 42, 44, 216, 265, 368,
377–378,
401–402,
413, 415, 485, 587, 592–593, 700,
716–717,
748–750
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations, 679–681
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 701, 703–704
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 382, 588
-
Gromyko visit to
Washington, 466, 468–480
-
Macmillan
discussions, 696–704
-
Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New
York), 414, 429
- summit meeting proposals, 161–162
- timing, 330, 359
- U.S. Ambassadorial probe, 402–403, 698, 703, 759–760, 767
- Western agenda, 360, 403, 460, 593–594
- Norstad, correspondence with, 520–523
- press conference (June 28, 1961), 159
- Southeast Asia, 130n
, 211–212
- speech (July 25, 1961), 223, 227, 233–235, 275–276, 340,
445
- speech (U.N., Sept. 25, 1961), 441–442, 454, 493
- U.N. guarantee/observer proposals, 228
- U.S.-British discussions, 41–44
- U.S.-French discussions, 80–86
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 8–11, 527–532
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, relations, 221
- Vienna summit aide-memoire, 98–102, 107,
165n
- West Berlin plebiscite proposals, 99,
161, 266
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 261, 309, 411–415
-
Kennedy, Robert F., 544, 573, 763, 767, 808, 842–843
- Kharlamov, Mikhail A., 401–402, 444–445
- Khrushchev, Nikita S. (see also Soviet subheadings
under other subjects; Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet
Union)), 15, 66–69, 68,
292, 759, 810–811
- Adenauer, letter to (Feb. 17, 1961), 10, 12–13, 18, 22–23, 64, 69
- Fanfani talks, 279, 292, 446
- free city proposals, 449–450
- German peace treaty, 18–20, 87–88, 90–92, 231, 448–449
- interim agreement, 92–93, 95–98
-
Kennedy, correspondence with (Pen Pal), 444–455, 502–508, 567–580, 634–636, 643–646, 681–691, 736–766, 819–822
-
Kroll meeting, 580–581, 589–591, 630, 635,
698
-
McCloy discussions, 231–235
- negotiation proposals, 56, 401–402
- Pen Pal correspondence. See Kennedy,
correspondence with above.
- political situation, 16, 41–42, 69, 76
- speech (Dec. 9, 1961), 665, 673, 678,
692
- speech (Jan. 6, 1961), 4
- statement (Jan. 18, 1962), 763–766
- Killick, John E., 111, 269, 281, 303, 405, 661
-
Kissinger, Henry A., 35, 107, 176, 588–589, 824–827, 830–831, 840–841
- Klein, David, 508n
,
648n
-
Klein, Gunther, 668
-
Kohler, Foy D., 8n
, 16n
, 21n
, 25n
, 64n
, 71n
, 111n
, 125n
, 159n
, 324n
, 329n
, 361n
, 380n
, 388n
, 405n
, 411n
, 415n
, 424n
, 431n
, 439n
, 463n
, 467n
, 492n
, 497n
, 508n
, 527n
, 536n
, 539n
, 544n
, 545n
, 551n
, 553n
, 562n
, 640n
, 694n
, 736n
, 741n
, 768n
, 772n
, 811n
, 846n
, 850n
, 853n
- access, 134, 290–291, 600
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 46, 596, 603,
620
- air access crisis, 792, 812–813, 817–819
- Berlin Wall, 333–334, 338–339, 361,
366–368
- contingency planning, 57, 116, 119,
127–128,
133, 217, 228, 381, 462, 519
- force, use of, 121, 135, 395–396, 487, 528
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 52, 128, 135
- ICJ appeal, 113, 116–117, 125–126, 131–132
- preparedness demonstration measures, 116, 122–123
- departmental measures, 320
- free city proposals, 118n
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 535, 544n
, 554–555
- German Democratic Republic access control, 229
- German Democratic Republic, recognition of, 767
- Germany, Federal Republic of:
- arms limitations, 625
- Berlin, relations with, 599
- U.S. forces in, 760
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and Berlin, 167
- negotiation proposals, 42, 44, 69, 362, 367,
403, 405–406, 468, 695n
, 808
- Soviet separate treaty, 43, 420
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 41
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 668
- U.S. policy toward Berlin, 793–795
- Vienna summit meeting, 87, 103, 112–113, 127,
131–132
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 269, 281, 291, 299,
303, 405, 411, 415, 650, 661, 672
- Kozlov, Frol R., 394
-
Krapf, Franz, 25, 596, 603, 620, 650, 661, 672
-
Kroll, Hans, 55, 65–66,
69, 698, 703, 790, 841
- Kusterer (FRG), 661, 672
- Kuznetzov, V.V., 555
-
Laloy, Jean, 126–127, 641
- Lampson, Edward T., 303
- Langer, Wolfram, 732, 734
- Laos, 10, 12, 31, 41, 48, 74, 76
- Latin America, 10, 31
-
Lebel, Claude, 12, 84, 131, 808, 817
- Ledwidge, W.B.J., 650, 672
-
Legere, Col. Lawrence J., 223n
, 335–337, 583–584, 726–727, 747
- Lehmann, Glenn A., 159n
-
Lejins, Nora, 8n
, 45n
, 46, 590n
, 603n
, 614n
, 620n
- LeMay, Gen. Curtis, 215, 428, 517
- Lemmer, Ernst, 668
-
Lemnitzer, Gen. Lyman L., 111, 194n
, 362n
, 369, 544n
- air access crisis, 800, 812–813
- Berlin Wall, 333, 350, 370–371
- contingency planning, 138n
, 216, 395–398, 462, 487,
517
- Lightner, Edwin A., Jr., 1–3, 75–76,
441–443, 865–867
- access harassment, 437–438
- air access crisis, 814–816, 822–824, 843–844
- Berlin Wall, 326–327, 332–333, 339–346, 437
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 524–525, 532,
537–539,
543, 552, 564n
,
565–566,
585
- Lippmann, Walter, 107, 615
-
Lucet, Charles, 269, 281, 291, 299, 303, 405, 415, 650, 661, 672
- Luxembourg, 179
-
Lyon, Cecil B., 312n
-
Macmillan, Harold, 38, 58, 60, 100, 699, 758
- Kennedy, correspondence with, 223–224, 632–634, 637
- negotiation proposals, 42, 44, 696–704
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 38, 41–44, 99–102
- Mali, 397n
- Mansfield, Mike, 29, 117–118, 448
- Matthews, H. Freeman, 321
-
Mautner, Karl F., 167n
, 214n
- McBride, Robert H., 12n
-
McCloy, John J., 112, 114, 116, 231–235, 733
- McDermott, Edward A., 184–185
-
McGhee, George C., 12, 15, 36, 112, 123, 236n
, 261, 694–695n
- McNamara, Robert, 167, 215n
, 221–222, 411, 767, 792
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 596, 603
- Berlin Wall, 333–334, 344, 347–348, 355
- Clay appointment, 369, 557
- contingency planning, 36, 38–39, 176, 347–348, 362–364, 379n
, 412,
462, 560
- federal emergency planning, 189, 196, 209–210, 219–220
- force, use of, 38, 221, 372, 412, 518
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 544n
, 547
- Menshikov, Mikhail A., 5, 13, 16, 114, 202–207, 409–411, 468
- Millar, Sir Frederick Hoyer, 36, 39–41, 43, 102n
- Moffett, James D., 111n
- Murphy, Robert D., 349n
-
Murrow, Edward R., 219–220, 310, 322–323, 339–341, 395, 397
- National Intelligence Estimates:
- National Security Council, 109–111, 160–162, 221–222
- Action Memoranda:
- NSAM No. 58, 162–165, 187
- NSAM No. 59, 197–199, 214
- NSAM No. 62, 225–226
- NSAM No. 92, 398–399
- NSAM No. 94, 404
- NSAM No. 107, 508n
- NSAM No. 109, 520–523
- NSAM No. 117, 639
- NSAM No. 128, 813–814
- contingency planning, 162–165, 192–197, 195,
219–221
- documents:
- meetings:
- Negotiation proposals (see also
Contingency planning; German peace treaty; Interim
agreement proposals; U.N. guarantee/observer proposals; Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet Union); specific topics):
-
Adenauer-de Gaulle meeting, 637–639, 650, 659–660
-
Adenauer-Khrushchev meeting proposals, 759
- air access and, 407
- airlift and, 101, 117
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations (see also
U.S.-Soviet bilateral discussion proposals
below), 296
- British position, 276, 305, 362, 662–665, 673, 675, 678
- French position, 663–665, 673–675, 677
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 665–666, 676–678
- NATO statement, 666–667, 673, 676–681, 710
- U.S.-French discussions, 679–681
- U.S. position, 293, 664, 674–676, 678
- Berlin Wall and, 331, 338, 342,
344, 711–712
- British position, 99, 114, 274,
298, 305, 338, 532, 653–655
- British-Soviet talks proposals, 794–795
- Commission on Central European problems proposals, 238–239
- European security proposals, 239, 251–253
- Foreign Ministers meeting proposals, 238–239, 248–249, 251, 257,
261–262,
319, 419, 430–431, 700
- British position, 277–279, 294–295, 413–414, 419, 654, 698, 700, 702
- French position, 271–272, 277, 367–368, 641, 700
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 271–272
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 414
- Soviet position, 475
- timing, 227–229, 238, 262, 264–266, 271, 276–279, 293–295, 304–305
- four-nation non-aggression agreement, 228–229
- French opposition, 313–316, 361–362, 366–367, 651–652, 654–655
- Congressional meetings, 839
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 374–375, 692–693
-
Kennedy-Adenauer discussions, 593–595, 692–693
-
Kennedy-de Gaulle correspondence, 368, 377–378, 716–717, 748–750
- U.S. position, 481–484, 640–641, 701, 793–794, 850–851
- French position, 12–13, 272–273, 276,
296–298,
304, 413, 418
- Friedrichstrasse crisis and, 533–536, 541,
554, 585–586
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 697–698, 701, 703–704
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 31, 295, 298, 376,
381–382,
529, 588–589, 593, 631,
654
- Germany, Federal Republic of-Soviet bilateral talks proposals,
10, 795,
810, 834, 840
- German peace treaty and, 274, 276
- German unification and, 485, 490, 529
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and Berlin
discussions, 123
-
Khrushchev statement (Jan.
18, 1962), 763–766
- military planning and, 418, 653
- NATO positions, 383, 531–532
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization and, 278, 283
- NSC discussions, 164
- peace conference, 117, 227, 263,
292, 296
- planning, 223, 236–241, 245–259
- preparedness demonstration measures and, 274–276, 293–294, 305, 413
- propaganda and, 382
- protracted talks proposals, 236–241
- public opinion, 367, 377
- publicity, 278, 280, 361–362, 376,
407
- quadripartite discussions, 64
- reciprocal declarations proposal (Solution C), 150–151, 157, 228,
240–241,
254, 257, 265
- refugees, 228
-
Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New York), 388, 431–433, 439–441, 456–461
- British position, 298, 303–304, 306, 362, 406–408, 414, 417
- French position, 304, 361, 405–408, 413–414, 416–417, 419
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 304–305
- tripartite discussions, 405–408
- U.S. position, 298, 304–306, 414, 494, 657, 670–671
- Western agenda, 429–431
- Soviet agenda, 460–461, 464–467, 476–477, 487,
630, 657
- Soviet intentions, 56–57, 71–72
- Soviet position, 12–13, 232, 474–475
- Soviet separate treaty and, 276, 314–315, 418
- summit meeting proposals (see also Vienna
summit meeting (U.S.- Soviet Union)), 12,
161–162,
794
-
Thompson-Gromyko talks. See U.S. Ambassadorial probe below. timing,
246–247,
259, 270–271, 295, 304,
359
- trade agreements, 228
- tripartite discussions, 808–811
- U.N. discussion, possible, 174–175, 227,
258–259,
267, 271, 292–293, 295, 319
- U.S. Ambassadorial probe, 388–389, 394–395, 846
- British position, 699, 702–703, 767, 790–791
- French position, 280, 497–498, 525–526
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 832, 834, 840–841
- planning/instructions for, 709–715, 731–732, 736–745, 758–760, 768–775, 790–791, 807, 846–852
-
Thompson-Gromyko meeting reports,
720–726, 751–755, 784–788, 797–800, 835, 859–862
- U.S.-British discussions, 730–731
- U.S. position, 228, 259, 293, 402–403, 694, 697, 706–708, 729, 802–804
- U.S.-British discussions, 40, 42–44, 562–564, 696–704
- U.S.-French discussions, 81, 549–550
- U.S.-German Federal Republic discussions, 402
- U.S. position, 32, 34, 69, 73–74, 79, 107, 114, 139,
148–151,
162, 175, 177, 217–218, 232, 435–437, 592–593
- U.S. public statement proposal, 393
- U.S. “quiet” approach, 250, 262, 264
- U.S.-Soviet bilateral discussion proposals (see also Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New York)
and U.S. Ambassadorial probe above):
- British position, 562–564
- French position, 497–498
- Geneva discussion proposal, 847, 864
-
Gromyko visit to
Washington, 466, 468–480
- Soviet position, 401–402, 452, 475
- U.S. position, 359, 430, 495, 556, 587–588, 680, 694–695, 794–795
- use of force and, 297, 396–397, 414, 592,
656, 658, 661–662
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply and, 99
- West Berlin morale and, 654–655
- Western agenda (see also
Western Foreign Ministers meetings;
specific issues and proposals), 280,
294
- Adenauer visit to U.S., 528,
532, 558–559, 562–563, 590–618, 620–634
- British position, 296–297, 425, 696
- French position, 270, 362, 417–418, 423–424
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 295–296, 375–376, 414, 423, 425–426, 490–492, 556, 593, 840
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on Germany and Berlin
discussion, 228
- Norstad meeting, 462
-
Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New
York), 416, 419, 423–426, 429–431
- U.S. position, 271, 280, 294, 319–320, 360, 376, 403, 425, 460–461, 656–657
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings and, 593, 840
- Nehru, Jawaharlal, 419
- Netherlands, 22, 178, 285, 322, 434
- Neutral countries, 364, 397n
, 452–453
- Neutralism, 380, 382–383
- Newsom, Edwin Earl, 334
-
Nitze, Paul H., 169, 202n
, 202–207, 492n
,
551n
, 760
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 596, 603, 620
- contingency planning, 124, 188–190, 217, 462
- airlift, 200, 372–373
- force, use of, 122–123, 188, 200–201, 321–322, 395–396, 398, 487, 489
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 267
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 544n
- German Democratic Republic access control, 229–230
- negotiation proposals, 405, 407
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 269, 291, 299, 411
-
Norstad, Gen. Lauris, 29, 462, 557
- Adenauer visit to U.S., 558–559
- air access crisis, 800–802, 812–813
- Berlin Wall, 344, 370
- contingency planning, 124, 456, 462,
560–561
- force, use of, 38, 121–122, 560–561
- military planning, 136–138, 517,
520, 559–560
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 547–548, 557–558
-
Kennedy, correspondence with, 520–523
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (see also
Allied contributions under Contingency planning:
force, use of; NATO subheadings under other
subjects):
- Berlin guarantee, 47–49
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 810
- missile force proposal, 176–177
- negotiation proposals, 278, 283, 383,
666–667,
673–681
- nuclear weapons, 72, 79, 617, 718–719, 749–750
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply, 178–182
- Warsaw Pact non-aggression pact proposal, 393, 473
- Norway, 532
- Oder-Neisse line. See Border issues.
- Ormsby Gore, Sir David, 102n
, 810–811
- negotiation proposals, 562–564, 696–697, 701–702, 730, 794n
, 808–811
- Osterheld (FRG), 842
-
Owen, Henry, 106, 261, 403
- Paris treaties (1954), 25, 376, 515
- Parsons, J. Graham, 321
-
Pelen, Pierre, 12, 808
- Pen Pal correspondence. See Kennedy-Khrushchev (Pen Pal) correspondence
under Berlin.
- Percival, J. Graham, 672n
- Perkins, Milo, 211
- Poland (see also
Border issues), 10–11, 612
- Propaganda, 32, 147–148, 164, 211, 226, 228, 247–248
- Berlin Wall and, 330, 332, 334
- French position, 306
- Friedrichstrasse crisis and, 548
- NATO participation, 308, 310
- negotiation proposals and, 382
- U.S. position, 259–260, 263,
267, 322–323
- Radio Free Europe (RFE), 31
- Ramsbotham, Peter E., 36, 41
- Rapacki Plan, 242, 474
- Rau (GDR), 2
- Reynaud, Paul, 446
- Ritter (FRG), 281, 291, 299, 303
-
Roberts, Sir Frank, 697, 790–791, 794
-
Rostow, Walt W., 36, 130n
, 404, 805
- Rumbold, Sir Anthony, 650, 661
-
Rusk, Dean (see
also
Rusk-Gromyko discussion (New York) under Negotiation
proposals), 50, 64–65, 210, 274, 760, 768n
, 772n
, 775
- access, 117, 599–600, 640
- access harassment, 282–283, 463
- Adenauer visits to U.S., 46, 596–614, 620–632
- all-Berlin proposals, 117, 701–702
- Berlin Wall, 329–330, 332, 337–339, 361–362, 366–368, 761
- border issues, 11, 609–610, 622–623, 697
- Clay appointment as Special Representative, 649, 854–856
- Congressional meetings, 837–839
- contingency planning, 38–39, 127–128, 159–160, 176,
362–364,
379, 462, 830
- airlift, 279, 372–373
- economic countermeasures, 192–193, 195, 279, 283, 287–288
- emergency planning, 193–194, 284
- force, use of, 133–135, 285–286, 662
- land probe, 116, 265, 301
- military planning, 299–303, 300–301, 322, 395–398, 492–493, 517, 854–856
- nuclear weapons, 273,
286–287, 297, 302, 319, 371–372, 489
- German Democratic Republic political situation, 647–648, 853–854
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 51–55,
65, 133–135
- ICJ appeal, 125, 166
- naval countermeasures, 373,
424–425
- preparedness demonstration measures, 274–276, 284–287
- U.N. appeal, 133, 267
- disarmament, 810–811
- European Ambassadors meeting, 318–323
- Four-Power Working Group on Germany Including Berlin, 264–265
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 535–536, 539–541, 544–547, 554,
562–564
- German Democratic Republic:
- inter-German relations, 601–602, 605–606, 702
- Interdepartmental Coordinating Group on German and Berlin, 167–168
-
Kennedy-Adenauer correspondence, 636–638
-
Kennedy-de
Gaulle correspondence, 716–719
-
Kennedy-Khrushchev (Pen Pal) correspondence, 634
-
Khrushchev letter (Feb. 17,
1961), 12–13,
127
- negotiation proposals, 64, 114, 283,
292, 656
-
Adenauer-de Gaulle meeting, 637–639
- Ambassadorial probe/consultations, 664, 666–667, 674–676, 678
- declaration proposal (Solution C), 228
- Foreign Ministers meeting proposals, 264–265, 271, 276–278, 293–294, 419
- French position, 313–316, 366–367, 484n
- Germany, Federal Republic of-Soviet bilateral talks
proposals, 810
-
Gromyko visit to
Washington, 468
-
Kennedy-de Gaulle correspondence, 716–717
- preparedness demonstration measures and, 274–276
- publicity, 280, 293, 313, 362
- Soviet agenda, 487, 657
- timing, 227–228, 259, 264–265, 270–271, 276–278, 293–294, 304–305, 359
- tripartite discussions, 808–811
- U.N. discussion, possible, 292–293, 298
- U.S.-British discussions, 562–564, 696–697, 701–703
- U.S.-Soviet bilateral discussion proposals, 264, 562–564, 587–588
- U.S. Ambassadorial probe, 388–389, 402, 703, 709–715, 730–731, 736–745, 759, 767, 846–852
- use of force and, 414, 661–662
- Western agenda, 280, 294, 297, 359, 375–376, 403, 416, 423–425, 464, 640–641, 656–657
- propaganda, 267
- refugees, 282, 324–325
- Southeast Asia, 212
- Soviet policies toward Berlin, 129,
192, 208, 805
- Soviet political situation, 728–729
- Soviet separate treaty, 14, 276, 420
- U.N. guarantee/observer proposals, 227–228, 603, 606–607
- U.N. headquarters/activities relocation proposal, 393, 426,
608, 671
- U.S.-British discussions, 36, 38–39, 41, 562–564, 696–697, 701–703, 730–731
- U.S.-French discussions, 12–16, 131, 312–316, 366–368
- U.S.-Germany, Federal Republic of, discussions, 8, 513, 668–672, 830–831
- U.S. policy toward Berlin, 16–18, 207–209, 224,
793
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 385–386, 409–411, 545–547
- U.S. troop movements, 640, 648, 755–756
- Vienna summit aide-memoire reply, 108–109, 112–117, 125–127, 131–133, 160–161, 165–166, 180–183
- Vienna summit meeting, 87, 103
- West Berlin:
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 259, 309–311
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 269
- quadripartite meetings, 281–309, 411–427, 650–659, 661–667, 672–678
- tripartite meetings, 269–280, 405–408
- Western summit meeting proposals, 263
- Russell, Adm. J.S., 216
- Russell, John, 36, 41
-
Salinger, Pierre, 8, 401–402
- Samuel, Ian, 696, 701
- Schelling, Thomas C., 170–172
- Scherpenberg, Hilger van, 8, 11
- Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 173–176
- Schnez, Maj. Gen., 281, 291, 299, 303, 596, 620
- Schnippenkoetter, Swidbert, 5, 596, 603, 620, 830
- Schorr, Daniel, 670
-
Schroeder, Gerhard, 654, 658, 665–666, 676–678
- Semenov (USSR), 468
-
Seydoux, Francois, 328
- Shuckburgh, Sir Evelyn, 111, 114, 127, 696–698, 701
- contingency planning, 116, 122, 126,
128
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 269, 281, 291, 299,
303, 405, 411, 415, 650, 661, 672
-
Smirnov, Andrei A., 10, 591, 631
-
Smirnovsky, Mikhail N., 385–386, 409
- Smith, Gerard C., 248
- Sokolov, Oleg M., 385
-
Solovyev, Col. A. I., 525n
, 537–539, 727n
-
Sorensen, Theodore C., 102n
, 165–166, 217, 403
- Southeast Asia, 129–130, 211–212
- Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), 48
- Soviet Union (see also
Free city proposals; Negotiation proposals; Soviet subheadings under other subjects):
- China, People’s Republic of, relations with, 16, 41, 78
- economic situation, 86
- German Democratic Republic, relations with, 26
- political situation, 16, 41–42, 69, 76–77, 705–706
- space program, 76, 304
- United States, relations with, 123,
361
- Spaak, Paul-Henri, 446, 471, 595
- Steel, Christopher, 822n
, 836
- Steeves, John M., 36, 41
-
Stevenson, Adlai E., 36, 39, 175, 393
-
Stikker, Dirk U., 178–179, 434, 548
- Stockwell (Deputy SACEUR), 746, 755
-
Stoessel, Walter J., Jr., 16n
, 557n
, 746,
755
- Stoph, Adolph, 2
- Strauss, Franz Josef, 265, 611, 613–614, 628–629
- Sukarno, 397
- Sukhodrev (USSR), 87, 96, 468
- Sullivan, Charles A., 169
- Sulzberger, Cyrus L., 401–402
- Summit meeting proposals. See Negotiation
proposals; Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet
Union).
- Sweden, 321
- Sweeney, Joseph, 562n
- Swihart, James W., 36
- Switzerland, 321
-
Taylor, Maxwell D., 223, 583, 747
- contingency planning, 190, 211, 230–231, 264,
392, 462, 647n
- military planning, 186, 188, 395,
428–429,
487, 489
-
Thompson, Llewellyn E. (see also
U.S. Ambassadorial probe and Ambassadorial
probe/consultations under Negotiation proposals), 18–19, 87, 122–123, 400–401, 634–636
- all-Berlin proposal, 241, 243
- confederation proposal, 725–726
- Friedrichstrasse crisis, 541–543, 564,
581–583
- German peace treaty, 30–33, 31, 66–68
- negotiation proposals, 69, 123, 243–245, 394–395, 556,
705
- Soviet policies toward Berlin, 6–7, 77, 139, 241–242
- U.S. policy toward Berlin, 69–70, 77–78
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 66–69, 231–235
-
Thomson, John A., 36, 58, 111, 808
- Thurston, Raymond L., 337n
- Topping, John L., 187n
,
199n
- Trivers, Howard, 746, 761
- Tubby, Roger, 118, 159n
- Turkey, 179, 182–183, 321–322, 434
-
Tyler, William R., 131n
, 324n
, 641, 679n
, 696, 701n
, 808
- U-2 incident, 18, 68, 93, 292
-
Ulbricht, Walter, 1–2, 292n
- U.N. guarantee/observer proposals:
- British position, 100
- corridor proposals, 117,
607
- German Democratic Republic access control and, 603, 606–607
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 29, 606–607
- Soviet position, 19, 88, 93, 97–98, 451, 576
- U.S. position, 151, 158, 227–228, 240–241, 263,
294
- West Berlin plebiscite, 393
- Underdeveloped countries, Germany, Federal Republic of, aid to, 23, 28–29
- United Kingdom (see also
Contingency planning; British, United Kingdom,
tripartite, quadripartite, and Western subheadings under other subjects),
28
- United Nations (see also
U.N. guarantee/observer proposals):
- headquarters/activities relocation proposal, 393, 426
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 607–609, 671
- Soviet position, 451, 516
-
Kennedy speech (Sept. 25, 1961), 441–442, 454
- U.S. change of administration, 5–6, 22
- U.S. Information Agency (USIA), 260, 263
- U.S.-Soviet bilateral discussions. See Negotiation
proposals; Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet
Union).
- Vienna summit meeting (U.S.-Soviet Union), 31–32, 70–79, 87–98, 103, 109–111
- Vigderman, Alfred G., 117n
- Vine, Richard D., 730n
-
Von Brentano, Heinrich. See Brentano, Heinrich von.
-
Watson, Maj. Gen. Albert, II,
525n
, 537–539, 558, 704, 746
- Weber, Heinz, 8, 46,
281, 590, 603, 614, 620
- West Berlin:
- economic situation, 671
- Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with:
- British position, 696
- economic aid, 732–733
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 531, 597–599, 608, 668–670
- harassment, 4
- incorporation proposal, 400–401, 491–492, 597–598, 669–670, 731–732
- political activities, 272
- Soviet position, 67, 568, 580–581, 725
- U.S. position, 604, 609, 731–732, 739–740
-
Kennedy visit, 35
- morale, 373, 382, 499, 510–512, 532, 775–776
- Berlin Wall and, 333, 339–341, 349n
, 350
- French position, 654–655
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 374–375, 700, 733–735
- neutralization. See Free city
proposals.
- plebiscite proposals:
- British position, 99, 307
- French position, 307–308
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 307–308, 598
- Soviet position, 788
- U.S. position, 70, 99, 161, 228, 266, 306–307, 393, 788, 807
- Soviet forces in:
- British position, 100, 700
- Soviet position, 88, 472–473, 479, 575–576, 686
- U.S. position, 476, 506, 607, 798
- Western covert activities, 32, 252
- Western forces in:
- French position, 85
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 29–30
- Soviet position, 5, 88, 682–685, 687–688, 799–800
- U.S. position, 43, 67, 737–738, 752–753, 798
- Western European Union (WEU), 278, 285, 626
- Western Foreign Ministers meetings, 64–65, 269–309
- British position, 297
- French position, 296
- Germany, Federal Republic of, participation, 269–270
- Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 593
- publicity, 308–311
- quadripartite meetings, 281–309, 411–424, 650–659, 661–667, 672–678
- tripartite meetings, 269–280, 405–408
- U.S. position, 259, 297
- U.S. preparations, 261–264
- Western Four-Power Working Group. See Four-Power
Working Group on Germany Including Berlin.
- Western summit meeting proposals, 259, 262–263, 267, 483
- Wheeler, Gen. Earle G., 812
- Williams, G. Mennen, 36
- Wilson, Donald E., 260, 339
-
Winckler, Jean-Claude, 12, 15, 131, 366, 368n
, 808, 817
- Wolf (FRG), 845
- Wright, J.O., 111
- Zorin-Bolz agreement. See Bolz-Zorin
agreement.
- Zulueta, Philip de, 36, 41, 98